Sulfoxide

...SYNERGIST TO INCR INSECTICIDAL POTENCY OF PYRETHRINS.

OF THE METHYLENEDIOXYPHENYL SYNERGISTS, AT LEAST THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN SHOWN TO INCR SLEEPING TIME FOLLOWING ADMIN OF CERTAIN BARBITURATES &/OR TO INHIBIT MAMMALIAN MICROSOMAL ENZYMES: PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE; PIPERONYL CYCLONENE; SULFOXIDE...

PRESUMABLY AS A RESULT OF INHIBITING LIVER ENZYMES, BOTH PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE & SULFOXIDE REDUCED THE RATE AT WHICH RADIOACTIVITY INTRODUCED IN THE FORM OF 7,10-(14)C-BENZPYRENE WAS CLEARED FROM THE BLOOD & EXCRETED IN THE BILE.

WHEN ADMINISTERED ORALLY, INTRAPERITONEALLY OR INTRAVENOUSLY PIPERONYL SULFOXIDE INTERFERRED WITH RAPID ELIMINATION OF INTRAVENOUSLY INJECTED 3,4-BENZPYRENE IN RATS.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for PIPERONYL SULFOXIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=120-62-7]

Piperonyl sulfoxide

TR-124: Bioassay of Piperonyl Sulfoxide for Possible Carcinogenicity (CASRN 120-62-7) (1979 )

08/31/78

No Evidence

No Evidence

Clear Evidence

SIGNS OF INTOXICATION /FOLLOWING ACUTE ORAL ADMIN TO MALLARD DUCKS/: WEAKNESS, GOOSE-STEPPING ATAXIA, ATAXIA, OCCASIONAL STUMBLING OR FALLING, WINGS HELD VERY HIGH ON BODY. SIGNS WERE SEEN AS SOON AS 25 MIN AFTER TREATMENT & PERSISTED FOR UP TO 14 DAYS. /SAMPLE PURITY 88%/

NON-TOXIC TO RATS FED FOR 15 MONTHS WITH DIET CONTAINING 0.2%.

THE SUBSTANCE HAS A LOW MAMMALIAN TOXICITY (RAT ORAL LD50 2 G/KG). TOXIC SYMPTOMS WHICH MAY APPEAR IN 10 TO 20 MIN INCLUDE TREMORS & CENTRAL NERVOUS DEPRESSION. EVEN SURVIVING ANIMALS MAY EXPERIENCE PROLONGED COMA.

INTRAPERITONEAL INJECTION OF PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE INTO MICE INITIALLY DECREASED & THEN INCREASED LEVELS OF LIVER MICROSOMAL CYTOCHROME P-450. THE BIPHASIC EFFECT IN VIVO WAS ACCOMPANIED BY SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE SPECTRA OF P-450-DRUG INTERACTION IN VITRO. THE IN VIVO ADMINISTRATION ALSO PRODUCED A P-450 DIFFERENCE SPECTRUM WHEN DITHIONITE-REDUCED MICROSOMES FROM TREATED ANIMALS WERE COMPARED AT DIFFERENT PH VALUES. THIS SPECTRUM WAS ALSO PRODUCED IN VITRO BY PIPERONYL SULFOXIDE.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for PIPERONYL SULFOXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

1. WASH CONTAMINATING PESTICIDE FROM THE EYE WITH COPIOUS AMOUNTS OF WATER. WASH CONTAMINATED SKIN WITH SOAP & WATER. 2. FOR LIFE-THREATENING ALLERGIC REACTION TO PYRETHRUM (SEVERE ASTHMA OR ANAPHYLAXIS), GIVE 0.1 TO 0.5 ML OF 1:1000 ADRENALIN INTRAMUSCULARLY, OR SLOWLY INTRAVENOUSLY. REPEAT IF NECESSARY TO RELIEVE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS & MAINTAIN BLOOD PRESSURE. INTRAVENOUS AMINOPHYLLINE (10 ML, SLOWLY) MAY BE INDICATED. GIVE HYDROCORTISONE (50-100 MG), OR EQUIVALENT STEROID, INTRAVENOUSLY. LESS SEVERE REACTIONS (RHINITIS) CAN BE MANAGED WITH ANTIHISTAMINES & DECONGESTANTS, GIVEN ORALLY. HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS MAY REQUIRE OXYGEN, STEROIDS, ANTIBIOTICS & SEVERAL DAYS BEDREST, DEPENDING ON SEVERITY. /PYRETHRUM, PYRETHRINS, PYRETHROIDS, & PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE/

3. INGESTION OF SMALL AMOUNT OF PYRETHRIN OR PYRETHROID FORMULATION IS NOT LIKELY TO CAUSE POISONING. EXAMINE LABEL TO IDENTIFY ADDITIONAL INSECTICIDES, WHICH MAY BE MORE TOXIC. BASE TREATMENT ON THE MOST TOXIC INGREDIENTS. A. IF FORMULATION CONTAINS ONLY PYRETHRINS, OR PYRETHROIDS, & SYNERGISTS, INGESTION OF A SMALL AMOUNT (UP TO ABOUT 5 MG/KG) IS PROBABLY BEST TREATED BY LARGE DOSES OF ACTIVATED CHARCOAL.../PRC: 30 G IN 3-4 OZ OF WATER (CHILDREN), 100 G IN 8-10 OZ OF WATER (ADULTS)/, FOLLOWED BY CATHARTIC DOSES OF SODIUM OR MAGNESIUM SULFATE, 0.25 G/KG BODY WEIGHT IN 1-6 OZ WATER. /PYRETHRUM, PYRETHRINS, PYRETHROIDS, & PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE/

4. IF LARGE AMOUNTS OF PYRETHRIN OR PYRETHROIDS FORMULATION HAVE BEEN INGESTED, THE STOMACH & INTESTINE MUST BE EVACUATED: A. IF VICTIM IS ALERT & RESPIRATION IS NOT DEPRESSED, GIVE SYRUP OF IPECAC, FOLLOWED BY 1-2 GLASSES OF WATER, TO INDUCE VOMITING (ADULTS & CHILDREN 12 YEARS & OLDER: 30 ML; CHILDREN UNDER 12 YEARS: 15 ML). CAUTION: OBSERVE VICTIM CLOSELY AFTER ADMINISTERING IPECAC. IF CONSCIOUSNESS LEVEL DECLINES OR VOMITING HAS NOT OCCURRED IN 15 MINUTES, INTUBATE THE STOMACH IMMEDIATELY. FOLLOWING EMESIS, HAVE VICTIM DRINK SUSPENSION OF...ACTIVATED CHARCOAL /PRC: 30 G IN 3-4 OZ OF WATER (CHILDREN), 100 G IN 8-10 OZ OF WATER (ADULTS)/ TO LIMIT ABSORPTION OF TOXICANT REMAINING IN THE GUT. /PYRETHRUM, PYRETHRINS, PYRETHROIDS, & PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE/

B. IF VICTIM...NOT FULLY ALERT, EMPTY STOMACH IMMEDIATELY BY INTUBATION, ASPIRATION, & LAVAGE /PRC: WATER IN CHILDREN & SALINE IN ADULTS/... BECAUSE MANY PESTICIDES ARE DISSOLVED IN PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, EMESIS & INTUBATION OF THE STOMACH INVOLVE RISK THAT SOLVENT WILL BE ASPIRATED, LEADING TO CHEMICAL PNEUMONITIS. FOR THIS REASON: (A) IF VICTIM IS UNCONSCIOUS OR OBTUNDED & FACILITIES ARE AT HAND, INSERT AN ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE (CUFFED, IF AVAILABLE) PRIOR TO GASTRIC INTUBATION. (B) KEEP VICTIM'S HEAD BELOW LEVEL OF STOMACH DURING INTUBATION & LAVAGE /PRC: WATER IN CHILDREN & SALINE IN ADULTS/ (TRENDELENBURG, OR LEFT LATERAL DECUBITUS, WITH HEAD OF TABLE TIPPED DOWNWARD). KEEP VICTIM'S HEAD TURNED TO LEFT. (C) ASPIRATE PHARYNX AS REGULARLY AS POSSIBLE TO REMOVE GAGGED OR VOMITED STOMACH CONTENTS. (D) AFTER ASPIRATION OF GASTRIC CONTENTS & WASHING OF STOMACH, INSTILL...ACTIVATED CHARCOAL.../PRC: 30 G IN 3-4 OZ OF WATER (CHILDREN), 100 G IN 8-10 OZ OF WATER (ADULTS)/ THROUGH STOMACH TUBE TO LIMIT ABSORPTION... (E) IF BOWEL MOVEMENT HAS NOT OCCURRED IN 4 HR & PATIENT IS FULLY CONSCIOUS, GIVE SODIUM OR MAGNESIUM SULFATE AS CATHARTIC... /PYRETHRUM, PYRETHRINS, PYRETHROIDS, & PIPERONYL BUTOXIDE/

A bioassay of technical-grade piperonyl sulfoxide for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by administering the test chemical in feed to Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. Groups of 50 rats of each sex were administered piperonyl sulfoxide in the diet at one of several doses, either 1,500 or 3,000 ppm for the males and either 3,000 or 6,000 ppm for the females, for 105 weeks. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated rats of each sex. All surviving rats were killed at the end of the period of administration of the test chemical. Groups of 50 male mice were administered one of two doses, either 350 or 700 ppm, for 104 or 105 weeks. Groups of 50 female mice were initially administered one of two doses, either 700 or 1,400 ppm. Due to excessive weight depression in the dosed female mice, the doses for this sex were reduced after week 20 to 200 and 600 ppm, respectively, and administration of the test chemical at the lower doses was continued for 84 or 85 weeks. The time-weighted average doses for the females were 295 and 754 ppm. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated mice of each sex. All surviving mice were killed at the end of the period of administration of the test chemical. ... It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, technical-grade piperonyl sulfoxide was not carcinogenic for male or female Fischer 344 rats or for female B6C3F1 mice, but was carcinogenic for male B6C3F1 mice, producing an increased incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas. Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Negative; Female Rats: Negative; Male Mice: Positive; Female Mice: Negative.