HuagongsheHuagongshe Chemistry Print Report · For research reference only
1-Nonanol
NONANOL · Nonan-1-ol · FEMA 2789 · NONYL ALCOHOL · n-Nonanol · PELARGONIC ALCOHOL · n-nonyl · Nonalol
Identifiers & Physical Properties
| CAS No. | 143-08-8 |
|---|---|
| Molecular formula | C9H20O |
| Average molar mass | 144.25 g/mol |
| Monoisotopic mass | 144.15141526 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCCCO |
| InChIKey | ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 8914 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL24563 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:35986 |
| EC No. | 205-583-7 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID6022008 |
Chemical & Physical Properties
| XLogP | 4.3 |
|---|---|
| Topological polar surface area | 20.2 |
| Hydrogen bond donors | 1 |
| Hydrogen bond acceptors | 1 |
| Rotatable bonds | 7 |
| Heavy atoms | 10 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 52 |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | log Kow = 3.77 |
| Odor | Floral odorOdor of citronella oilRose-citrus. |
| Density | 0.827 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.8279 at 20 °C/4 °C0.824-0.8300.827 @ 20°C0.827 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Viscosity | 11.7 centapoise at 20 °C12.97mm2/s |
| Color/Form | Colorless to yellowish liquid |
| Solubility | Miscible with alcohol, etherSoluble in ethanol, ethervery soluble in carbon tetrachlorideIn water, 140 mg/L at 25 °C0.14 mg/mL at 25 °Cmiscible with alcohol, chloroform, etherinsoluble in water1 ml in 3 ml 60% alcohol gives clear soln (in ethanol)69.54mg/l1 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Flash point | 165 °F (USCG, 1999)74 °C208 °F |
| Boiling point | 415 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)213.3 °CBP: 215 °C at 760 mm Hg107.5 °C at 15 mm Hg95.6 °C at 7.5 mm Hg213.00 to 215.00 °C. @ 760.00 mm Hg213 °C213.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]215 °C (lit.) |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits acid smoke and irritating fumes. |
| Melting point | 23 °F (USCG, 1999)-5 °C-8--6 °C (lit.) |
| Odor threshold | Odor and taste perception threshold is 0.1 mg/L.0.0009ppm |
| Vapor pressure | 0.02 [mmHg]0.3 [mmHg]0.0227 [mm Hg] @25 °C13 mm Hg ( 104 °C) |
| Vapor density | 5 (vs air) |
| Refractive index | n20/D 1.433(lit.) |
| FEMA | 2789 | NONYL ALCOHOL |
| FLAVIS Number | 02.007 | Nonan-1-ol |
| Storage conditions | Store below +30°C. |
| Physical state | Liquid |
| pKa (acidity coefficient) | 15.22±0.10(Predicted) |
| Color | Clear colorless |
| Explosive limits | 0.80-6.10%(V) |
| Odor type | floral |
| Biological source | synthetic |
| Thermal conductivity | 0.145 W/(m·K) at 25 ℃ |
| JECFA Number | 100 |
| Merck | 14,6679 |
| BRN | 969213 |
| Henry's law constant | 2.7×10-1 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Brockbank (2013) |
| Dielectric constant | 8.8300000000000001 |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | PERFUMING |
| InChI | 1S/C9H20O/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10/h10H,2-9H2,1H3 |
| InChIKey | ZWRUINPWMLAQRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCCCCCCCCO |
| LogP (partition coefficient) | 4.59 at 20℃ |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 143-08-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Substances Added to Food (formerly EAFUS) | NONYL ALCOHOL |
| EWG's Food Scores | 1 |
| FDA UNII | NGK73Q6XMC |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | 1-Nonanol(143-08-8) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | 1-Nonanol (143-08-8) |
| UNSPSC Code | 12352104 |
| NACRES | NA.22 |
| GHS pictogram | GHS07 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| GHS hazard statements | H319-H412 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P273-P305+P351+P338 |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter |
| Hazard symbols | Xn,N,Xi |
| Risk statements (R) | 20-51/53-36 |
| Safety statements (S) | 23-24/25-61-29-39-26-25 |
| UN transport number | UN 3082 9/PG 3 |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| RTECS number | RB1575000 |
| Autoignition temperature | 237 °C |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| Customs code | 2905 19 00 |
| Hazard class | 9Aquatic Chronic 3Eye Irrit. 2 |
| Packing group | III |
| Storage class | 10 - Combustible liquids |
| Hazardous substances data | 143-08-8(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3560 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 2960 mg/kg |
| REACH registrations | Active |
Safety & Regulations
| GHS classification | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.4% (8 of 2003) of reports.WarningH315 (13.4%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]H319 (99.6%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]H411 (80.2%): Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]P264, P264+P265, P273, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 2003 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.Reported as not meeting GHS hazard criteria per 8 of 2003 reports by companies.There are 11 notifications provided by 1995 of 2003 reports by companies with hazard statement code(s).Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website. |
|---|---|
| Regulatory information | Chemical: 1-NonanolChemical: Nonanol1-Nonanol is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1-Nonanol are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Nonanol is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Nonanol are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 24-04-2020 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/20651-Nonanol: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| DOT label | Class 9 |
| Fire hazards | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, Capacitor, asymmetric, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state. Polymeric beads, expandable (UN2211) may evolve flammable vapours. (ERG, 2024) |
| Health hazards | Liquid irritates eyes. (USCG, 1999) |
| Hazards summary | In high-dose animal experiments, causes fatal intoxication, liver injury and kidney injury[HSDB] An eye irritant[CAMEO] An irritant[MSDSonline] See Nonanol.The commercial product consists of approximately 80% 3,5,5-trimethylhexanolMembers of the alkyl alcohols C6-C13 category demonstrate skin and eye irritation in rabbitsLow acute oral and dermal toxicityModerate to low acute inhalation toxicity[EPA ChAMP: Hazard Characterization] See 1-Nonanol. |
| FDA requirements | Nonyl alcohol is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: a) they are used in the minimum quantity required to produce their intended effect, and otherwise in accordance with all the principles of good manufacturing practice, and 2) they consist of one or more of the following, used alone or in combination with flavoring substances and adjuvants generally recognized as safe in food, prior-sanctioned for such use, or regulated by an appropriate section in this part. |
| Reactive group | Alcohols and Polyols |
| Reactivity Profile | NONANOL is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. |
| Air and Water Reactions | No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Skin Irrit. 2 (13.4%)Eye Irrit. 2A (99.6%)Aquatic Chronic 2 (80.2%)Flammable liquids - Category 4Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) - Category 4Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2ASpecific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 3 (Respiratory tract irritation)Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure - Category 2 (eye)Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 2Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 2 |
| Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) | 0.8 % (USCG, 1999)8000 [ppm] |
| Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) | 6.1 % (USCG, 1999) |
| Fire fighting | Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffectiveFire Extinguishing Agents: Alcohol foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999) |
| First aid | Flush eyes and skin with water for at least 15 min. (USCG, 1999) |
| Cleanup methods | AEROBIC: Nonyl alcohol degraded fast in aerobic biodegradation screening tests(1-3). In one 5-day BOD test using acclimated mixed cultures, 47.9% of theoretical BOD was consumed(1). In the other test which used an activated sludge inoculum, nonyl alcohol's half-life was 1.2 days(SRC), calculated from a biodegradation rate of 2.36X10-2/hr(3). In a third test, 62% of its theoretical BOD in a grab sample of freshwater incubated at 18-19 °C was expended in 4 days(2). |
| Nonfire spill response | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. For Asbestos, avoid inhalation of dust. Cover spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Do not clean up or dispose of, except under supervision of a specialist.SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover looselymove containers from spill area.SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2024) |
| Disposal methods | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids.SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary.FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directionsalso, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024) |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 30 [mg/m3]120 [mg/m3]710 [mg/m3] |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Goggles or face shieldrubber gloves. (USCG, 1999) |
| Interactions | ... Maximum permeation of MT was observed when fatty alcohol carbon chain length was 10. As the level of unsaturation increased from one to two double bonds, there was an increase in the permeation of MT both in porcine and human skin. However, a decrease in the permeation was observed with three double bonds. Regression analysis using the steady state flux data showed a significant positive correlation between porcine and human skin for saturated fatty alcohols (r(2)=0.8868, P=0.0005). |
| Ecotoxicity values | LC50 Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow, weight 0.12 g) 5.7 mg/L 96 hr flow-through bioassay, water hardness 45.5 mg/L CaCO3, temp: 25 +/- 1 °C, pH 7.5, dissolved oxygen >60% of saturationLC50 Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow, age 30-31 days, mean weight 0.124 g, mean length 20.0 mm) 5.7 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 5.4-6.0 mg/L)flow through bioassay, temp 24.8 °C, pH 7.63, dissolved oxygen 7.2 mg/L, hardness 44.3 mg/L CaCO3, alkalinity 43.0 mg/L CaCO3 /purity 97%/LC50 Alburnus alburnus (Bleak) 18 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 16-20 mg/L)static /formulated product/LC50 Nitocra spinipes (Harpacticoid copepod) 25 mg/L/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 21-30 mg/L)For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1-NONANOL (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Environmental fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 290(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 140 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-nonanol is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-nonanol from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.27X10-2 mm Hg(4) and water solubility(2). 1-Nonanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). 1-Nonanol has been demonstrated to be readily biodegradable in aerobic screening tests(5-7) and therefore may readily biodegrade in soil(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 290(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 140 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-nonanol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.08X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.27X10-2 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.6 days and 15 days, respectively(SRC). 1-Nonanol has been demonstrated to be readily biodegradable in aerobic screening tests(5-7) and therefore may biodegrade in natural water(SRC). According to a classification scheme(8), an estimated BCF of 160(SRC), from a log Kow of 3.77(9) and a regression-derived equation(10), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-nonanol, which has a vapor pressure of 2.27X10-2 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-nonanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 28 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). |
| Food survey values | 1-Nonanol has been identified in a variety of foods including nectarines(1), oil of orange(7), cassava(2), duck(3), peanut oil(4), earth almonds (Cyperus esculentus L.)(5), and a French mountain cheese(6). Unspecified nonyl alcohol isomers have been identified in pork and beef(7,8). |
| Adverse effects | Neurotoxin - Acute solvent syndromeOccupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| Toxicity summary | The existing information was reviewed by the independent Expert Panel for Fragrance Safety and supports the use of nonyl alcohol as described in this fragrance ingredient safety assessment. Data from read-across analog heptyl alcohol (CAS # 111-70-6) show that nonyl alcohol is not expected to be genotoxic and provide a calculated Margin of Exposure (MOE) >100 for the repeated dose toxicity and reproductive toxicity endpoints. Data from read-across analog 1-decanol (CAS # 112-30-1) provided nonyl alcohol a No Expected Sensitization Induction Level (NESIL) of 10000 μg/cm2 for the skin sensitization endpoint. The photoirritation/photoallergenicity endpoints were evaluated based on ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectranonyl alcohol is not expected to be photoirritating/photoallergenic. The local respiratory toxicity endpoint was evaluated using the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) for a Cramer Class I material, and the exposure to nonyl alcohol is below the TTC (1.4 mg/day). |
| Ecotoxicity excerpts | /AQUATIC SPECIES/ /In flow through acute toxicity testing using Pimephales promelas (Fathead minnow) exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.56, 1.0, 2.3, 4.7, and 8.2 mg/L 1-nonanol for 96 hr,/ affected fish first became sluggish in movement and stopped schooling. Some fish swam at water surface and equilibrium was lost prior to death./OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ... All the tested alcohols showed knockdown effect at 10 min and mortality 18 h after treatment. The highest activity was found for the 1-dodecanol (KC50 2.55%, LC50 2.28%) and the lowest for 1-octanol (KC50 8%, LC50 4.46%). Toxicity to head lice systematically increased with increase in carbon atoms in the n-aliphatic alcohol moiety, and with the octanol:water coefficient (r2 = 0.94). The pediculicidal activity of 1-dodecanol was not correlated with resistance to permethrin. |
| Plant Concentrations | 1-Nonanol has been identified in kiwi fruit flowers(1), nectarines(2) and earth almonds (Cyperus esculentus L.)(3). |
| Soil Adsorption/Mobility | An estimated BCF of 160 was calculated for 1-nonanol(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.77(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). |
| TSCA Test Submissions | 1-Nonanol (CAS # 142-08-8) was evaluated for acute oral toxicity. The test substance was administered by gavage to Sprague-Dawley albino rats. Dosage and mortality data are as follows: 2,000 mg/kg (0/3 M, 0/2 F)2,510 mg/kg (0/2 M, 2/3 F)3,160 mg/kg (0/3 M, 2/2 F)3,980 mg/kg (0/2 M, 3/3 F)5,010 mg/kg (3/3 M, 2/2 F)and 6,310 mg/kg (2/2 M, 3/3 F). Signs of intoxication included weight loss, increasing weakness, ocular discharge, collapse, and death. Gross autopsy revealed hemorrhagic lungs, liver discoloration, and acute gastrointestinal inflammation.1-Nonanol (CAS # 142-08-8) was evaluated for acute dermal toxicity. The test substance was administered to New Zealand albino rabbits. Dosage and mortality data are as follows: 398 mg/kg (0/1 M)631 mg/kg (0/1 F)1,000 mg/kg (0/1 M, 1/1 F)1,260 mg/kg (1/1 F)2,000 mg/kg (0/1 M)3,160 mg/kg (1/1 F)and 5,010 mg/kg (1/1 M). Signs of intoxication included weight loss, increasing weakness, ocular discharge, collapse, and death. Gross autopsy revealed hemorrhagic areas of the lungs, discoloration of the liver and kidneys, enlarged gall bladder, darkened spleen, and gastrointestinal inflammation.1-Nonanol (CAS # 143-08-8) was evaluated for dermal sensitization using standard methods. The test substance was administered to 10 guinea pigs with an initial reaction rating of slight to very slight in 2 animals and a final patch rating of slight in 1 animal. The test substance was determined to be a non-sensitizer. No further information was available.1-Nonanol (CAS # 142-08-8) was evaluated for primary dermal irritation. The test substance was administered to 6 New Zealand albino rabbits receiving 0.5 ml of undiluted test substance for a 24 hour exposure period. Average irritation score was 5.8/8.0. Irritation consisted of a defatting effect (skin sloughed off in 10-14 days). There was no in depth injury.1-Nonanol (CAS # 142-08-8) was evaluated for primary eye irritation. The test substance was administered to 6 New Zealand albino rabbits receiving 0.1 ml of undiluted test substance for a 24 hour exposure period. Average irritation score was 33.3/110. Immediate discomfort was moderate with eyes tightly closed. Irritation consisted of slight erythema, copious discharge, and corneal dullness. |
| Natural Pollution Sources | 1-Nonanol is a plant volatile(1) occurring, for example in oil of orange(2), kiwi fruit flowers(3), nectarines(4) and earth almonds (Cyperus esculentus L.)(5). |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | /HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ 1-Nonanol (2% in petrolatum) was reportedly neither a skin irritant nor a skin sensitizer to humans. /1-Nonanol, 2% in petrolatum/ |
| Personal protective equipment (PPE) | Eyeshields, Faceshields, Gloves, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter |
| Water hazard class (WGK) | 2 |
| TSCA inventory status | TSCA listed |
| RTECS number | RB1575000 |
| UN transport number | UN 3082 9/PG 3 |
| Customs code | 2905 19 00 |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3560 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 2960 mg/kg |
| Risk statements (R) | 20-51/53-36 |
| Signal word | Warning |
| GHS pictogram | GHS07 |
| Hazard symbols | Xn,N,Xi |
| Safety statements (S) | 23-24/25-61-29-39-26-25 |
| Hazard class | 9Aquatic Chronic 3Eye Irrit. 2 |
| Storage class | 10 - Combustible liquids |
| Packing group | III |
| GHS hazard statements | H319-H412 |
| REACH registrations | Active |
| Autoignition temperature | 237 °C |
| GHS precautionary statements | P273-P305+P351+P338 |
| Hazardous substances data | 143-08-8(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Applications & Uses
Description
1-Nonanol is a straight chain fatty alcohol with nine carbon atoms and the molecular formula CH3(CH2)8OH. It is a colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a citrus odor similar to citronella oil. Nonanol occurs naturally in the orange oil. The primary use of nonanol is in the manufacture of artificial lemon oil. Various esters of nonanol, such as nonyl acetate, are used in perfumery and flavors. Nonanol floats on water and its freezing point 23°F.
Occurrence
Reported as occurring frequently in nature, free or esterified; in the essential oils of grapefruit, Guinea sweet orange, Italian and Israeli sweet orange, bitter orange; and in oak musk concrete. Also reported found in apple, citrus juices, many berries, currants, guava, grapes, papaya, melon, pineapple, asparagus, cucumber, leek, peas, potato, cheeses, butter, milk, cooked chicken, beef and pork, hop oil, beer, rum, grape wines, tea, pecan, peanut oil, soybean, olive, plum, rose apple, beans, mushroom, starfruit, cauliflower, tamarind, fig, cardamom, rice, prickly pear, sweet corn, malt, cherimoya, clary sage, oysters, crab, crayfish, clam, nectarine, mate, pepino fruit (Solanum muricatum), apricot, tobacco, and wheat bread.
Uses
1-Nonanol is an chain fatty acid alcohol that naturally occurs in oil of orange. 1-Nonanol is used in the manufacture of artificial lemon oil.
General Description
Colorless liquid with a rose or fruity odor. Floats on water. Freezing point 23°F.
Preparation & Synthesis
Preparation
1-Nonanol can be synthesized by reduction of ethyl pelargonate; from heptaldehyde via heptanol and heptylmagnesium bromide with ethylene oxide.