Triflumizole

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from feed, food, children, and animals.

Store in a cool, dry, secure location. Do not store above 45 °C (113 °F).

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company; Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Do not contaminate water when disposing of equipment washwaters or rinsate. This product is toxic to fish. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or public waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. Do not discharge effluent containing this product to sewer systems without previously notifying the local sewage treatment plant authority. For guidance, contact your State Water Board ot Regional Office of the Environmental Protection Agency.

Wastes resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of at an approved waste disposal facility.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Avoid breathing dust. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed. Normal measures for preventive fire protection.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for Triflumizole (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

In human, a neuromuscular impairment and decreased locomotor activity were observed following a single exposure of 100 mg/kg/day. The liver is the primary target organ of triflumizole in the rat, mouse, and dog. It increased liver weight, hepatocyte fatty vacuolization, hypertrophy, inflammation, fatty degeneration, and caused necrosis. Chronic effects of triflumizole included hepatocyte fatty vacuolization, hepatocyte hypertrophy, focal inflammation, and necrosi,; fatty degeneration, eosinophilic foci of hepatocyte alteration, hepatic nodules, bile duct hyperplasia, and hyaline degeneration/fibrosis of the bile duct. Liver effects were seen in rat and mouse subchronic and chronic/carcinogenicity studies. The fetal effects were also seen in rats. Triflumizole has a reproductive toxicity as well, the gestation length was increased in rats receiving high dose of triflumizole.

LC50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern Bobwhite Quail) age 14 days; dietary >5620 ppm for 8 days[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on 1-[(1E)-1-[

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern Bobwhite Quail) age 34 wk; oral via capsule >2510 mg/kg[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on 1-[(1E)-1-[

LC50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard Duck) age 9 days; dietary >5620 ppm for 8 days[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on 1-[(1E)-1-[

LD50; Species: Apis mellifera (Honey Bee) adult; topical, general >160 ug/bee[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on 1-[(1E)-1-[

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Triflumizole (17 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of 1400(2) indicates that triflumizole is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of triflumizole is 3.7(3), indicating that this compound, a weak base, will exist in the neutral form in the environment(SRC). Volatilization of triflumizole from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.4X10-6 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 10.2 mg/L(3). Triflumizole is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure. Triflumizole was scarcely detected (less than 1 ppb) in leaching water from golf courses 3 to 37 days after application of pesticide indicating minimal to no potential for leaching into groundwater(5). Triflumizole has been reported to be slightly degraded under soil aerobic conditions(6), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of 1400(2) indicates that triflumizole is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6.2X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.4X10-6 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 10.2 mg/L(5). According to a classification scheme(6), a BCF of 390(7) indicates bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Triflumizole has been reported to be degraded under aquatic anaerobic conditions(8), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), triflumizole, which has a vapor pressure of 1.4X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase triflumizole is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.4X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase triflumizole may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition. Triflumizole contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC). Triflumizole has a photolysis half-life of 1.2 days based on a reported photolysis rate constant in sunlight-water equal to 0.574/day(5).

Results from an agricultural product monitoring effort in Japan during April 1995 through March 2000 reported triflumizole detections in 7 out of 86 samples of strawberries and grapes at concentrations between 0.5 and less than 0.01 ug/g(1). Triflumizole residues on strawberries examined in 1992 and 1993 were between 0.01 and 2.0 ug/g(2). Triflumizole was detected in 3 out of 173 agricultural product samples from a local market in Japan at concentrations of 1.9 to 494 ng/g(3).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Triflumizole is a fungicide used for the control of powdery mildew, such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Sphaerotheca pannosa, Erysiphe cichoracearum, and others. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: A report on the results of its yearly health examination of the personnel involved in the production of triflumizole at the Takaoka plant (Japan) during the period May 1996 to May 2002 was published. No adverse health effects attributable to chemical exposure were observed. In addition, it was reported that in the period covered, no events of acute poisoning by exposure or skin and/or eye irritation were observed. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. The substance may have effects on the liver and blood. This may result in liver impairment and a decrease in hemoglobin. ANIMAL STUDIES: Triflumizole is sensitizing to the skin of guinea pigs. It is mildly irritating to the eye of rabbits. An acute inhalation toxicity test for triflumizole was conducted in rats. Symptoms of toxicity included hunched posture, lethargy and chromodacryorrhoea (head and/or snout) among the majority of the animals. Signs of oral toxicity from triflumizole observed in rats included ataxia, hypotonia, ventral position, lacrimation, urinary incontinence, decreased body temperature, decreased heart rate and respiration rate, and ptosis. Triflumizole did not produce tumors in rats after 104 weeks of treatment. In developmental studies in rats no statistically significant treatment-related external, visceral, or skeletal malformations or variations were noted. In a mouse study, prenatal triflumizole exposure increases adipose depot weight and diverts mesenchymal stromal stem cells fate toward the adipocyte lineage. Triflumizole was not mutagenic in the Ames test with or without metabolic activation. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Using rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) at early-life stages, the developmental toxicity of five widely used triazole fungicides including triflumizole was rated as highly toxic.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Using rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) at early-life stages as experimental models, the developmental toxicity of five widely used triazole fungicides (myclobutanil, fluconazole, flusilazole, triflumizole, and epoxiconazole) were investigated following exposure to 1-15 mg/L for 72 hr. Meanwhile, morphological parameters (body length, body weight, and heart rate), enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE)), and mRNA levels (hsp70, mstn, mt, apaf1, vezf1, and cyp1a) were also recorded following exposure to 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/L for 72 hr. Results indicated that increased malformation and mortality, decreased body length, body weight, and heart rate provide a concentration-dependent pattern; values of 72 hr LC50 (median lethal concentration) and EC50 (median effective concentration) ranged from 3 to 12 mg/L. Most importantly, the results of the present study suggest that even at the lowest concentration, 0.2 mg/L, five triazole fungicides also caused notable changes in enzyme activities and mRNA levels. Overall, the present study points out that those five triazole fungicides are highly toxic to the early development of G. rarus embryos. ...

EPA has released the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays/[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of December 8, 2016: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

The mobility of triflumizole was examined using soil thin layer chromatography with a silt loam containing 2% organic matter; results indicated that this chemical will be slightly mobile in soil(1). Triflumizole has a reported soil adsorption coefficient equal to 1400(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this Koc value suggests that triflumizole is expected to have low mobility in soil.

Tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide triflumizole, including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the commodities listed in the table below. Compliance with the tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by measuring only the parent compound triflumizole, 1-(1-((4-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imino)-2-propoxyethyl)-1H-imidazole, and its metabolites containing the 4-chloro-2-trifluoromethylaniline moiety, calculated as stoichiometric equivalent of the parent compound.[Table#8401]

Tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide triflumizole, including its metabolites and degradates, in or on the commodities of animal origin listed in the table below. Compliance with the tolerance levels specified below is to be determined by measuring only the parent compound triflumizole, 1-(1-((4-chloro-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)imino)-2-propoxyethyl)-1H-imidazole, the metabolite 4-chloro-2-hydroxy-6-trifluoromethylaniline sulfate, and other metabolites containing the 4-chloro-2-trifluoromethylaniline moiety, calculated as the parent compound.[Table#8402]

New Active Ingredients ... includes chemicals not previously registered as pesticides, as well as pesticide active ingredients initially registered after November 1, 1984 and that currently have active product registrations. By law, these pesticides must meet new safety standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 and, if new safety standards are met, will be reviewed again on a 15-year cycle. Triflumizole is designated by EPA as a New Pesticide Active Ingredient. Active Ingredient Number: 128879; Type of Pesticide: conventional - fungicide; Use Site: food use, ornamentals; Year: 1991.

Used as a fungicide for powdery mildew; [ACGIH]

For triflumizole (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128879) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the USA but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Triflumizole is a fungicide used for the control of powdery mildew, such as Sphaerotheca fuliginea, Sphaerotheca pannosa, Erysiphe cichoracearum and others.

Fungicide.

This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.

Procure 50WS (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc): Active ingredient: Triflumizole 50.0%.

Terraguard 50W (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc): Active ingredient: Triflumizole 50.0%.

A815 Technical (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc): Active ingredient: Triflumizole 97.0%.

Procure 50 WDG (Macdermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc): Active ingredient: Triflumizole 50.0%.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for Triflumizole (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Fungicides