Cycloheptane

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

INHALATION: Call for medical aid. Remove the victim to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.

General First Aid:

To fight fire use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.

Suitable extinguishing media: For small (incipient) fires, use media such as "alcohol" foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. For large fires, apply water from as far as possible. Use very large quantities (flooding) of water applied as a mist or spray; solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.

Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Accidental Release Measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses.

Environmentl considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Waste treatment methods. Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Precautions for safe handling: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist. Use explosion-proof equipment.Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Appropriate engineering controls: Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.

Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel Protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 270(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that cycloheptane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of cycloheptane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.0093 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 21.6 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 30 mg/L(4). Cycloheptane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(3). Utilizing the Warburg respirometry test, <25% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 24 hours(8), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 270(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that cycloheptane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.0093 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 21.6 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 30 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 1.0 hours and 3.9 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 200(SRC), from its log Kow of 4.00(7) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Utilizing the Warburg respirometry test, <25% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 24 hours(8), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cycloheptane, which has a vapor pressure of 21.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cycloheptane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 31 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.24X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Cycloheptane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to/may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

IDENTIFICATION: Cycloheptane is a colorless liquid that is primarily used in organic synthesis. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: In humans exposure to cycloheptane produced CNS depression when vapors were inhaled. ANIMAL STUDIES: When cycloheptane was applied to guinea pig skin, morphological changes (epidermal thickening) and altered epidermal soluble arginase activity occurred.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of cycloheptane can be estimated to be 270(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that cycloheptane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

AEROBIC: Cycloheptane, present at 100 mg/L, reached <25% of its theoretical BOD in 24 hours using an activated sludge inoculum in the Warburg respirometry test(1).

PURE CULTURE: Pure culture studies showed various species of bacteria isolated from soil were unable to utilize cycloheptane as a single carbon source(1).

An estimated BCF of 200 was calculated in fish for cycloheptane(SRC), using a log Kow of 4.00(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for cycloheptane is estimated as 0.093 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 21.6 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 30 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that cycloheptane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 1.0 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 3.9 days(SRC). Cycloheptane's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of cycloheptane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).