Benzoyl Peroxide → Tin acrylate methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane

Reaction equation

[Sn:1].[C:2]([O-:6])(=[O:5])[CH:3]=[CH2:4].[C:7]([O:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][CH2:15][Si:16]([O:21][CH3:22])([O:19][CH3:20])[O:17][CH3:18])(=[O:11])[C:8]([CH3:10])=[CH2:9].C(OOC(=O)C1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1C=CC=CC=1>C1C=CC=CC=1>[Sn:1].[C:2]([O-:6])(=[O:5])[CH:3]=[CH2:4].[C:7]([O:12][CH2:13][CH2:14][CH2:15][Si:16]([O:21][CH3:22])([O:17][CH3:18])[O:19][CH3:20])(=[O:11])[C:8]([CH3:10])=[CH2:9]

Participants

Procedure

Raw uncoated rock (100 grams, Little Rock 11-grade) was combined with TiO2 (0.75 gram) and kaolin clay (1.33 gram) into a 500 ml beaker and mixed until the pigments were well dispersed onto the rock surface. In a separate vial, distilled water (0.9 gram) and fluorochemical surfactant (0.09 gram) were added together and mixed. In the same manner, the tin-acrylate monomer (1.5 gram, 4.0×10-3 mole), methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane monomer (1.50 g, 6.03×10-3 mole; Petrarch, Lot #110297), and benzoyl peroxide (0.03 gram, 1.24×10-4 mole) were combined along with 1 ml of benzene. The two solutions were then added to the raw rock mixture in small portions with stirring until all of the rock had been uniformly coated. The coated material was then placed in a 80° C. oven for 2-3 hours to initiate the polymerization. The granules were removed from the oven, quenched with 2-3 ml of water, and returned to the oven to cure overnight. Alkalinity (5 minute)=0.5 (acid); 15-minute=0.40 (acid); 21 hour=0.60 (acid). Water Repellency: >60 minutes. Reverse Wettability: 100-0. Colorimetric Data: L,=64.21, a,=-1.57, b,=-2.11. Stain: 0.23. Adhesion 7-Day Wet (based on average of seven samples)=0.40 gram.