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ビスチオシアナト水銀(II)
ビスチオシアン酸水銀(II) · ビスチオシアナト水銀(II) · チオシアン酸水銀(II) · チオシアン酸第二水銀 · スルホシアン酸水銀 · チオシアン酸水銀 · 水銀チオシアナート · 水銀(II)ビスチオシアナート
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 592-85-8 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C2N2S2.Hg |
| 平均分子量 | 316.8 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 317.920934 g/mol |
| SMILES | N#C[S-].N#C[S-].[Hg+2] |
| InChIKey | GBZANUMDJPCQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
| PubChem CID | 11615 |
| EC No. | 209-773-0 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7060469 |
| 現地名 | ビスチオシアナト水銀(II) |
化学・物理的性質
| 極性表面積 | 49.6 |
|---|---|
| 水素結合供与体数 | 0 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 4 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 0 |
| 重原子数 | 7 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 31.3 |
| 物質分類 | Metals -> Mercury Compounds, Inorganic |
| 臭い | Odorless |
| 密度 | 4 Approximately (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sinkabout 4.03.71 @25 °C3.71 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| Color/Form | White to tan powderWhen crystalline, usually in radially arranged needles |
| 溶解度 | Slightly sol in water: 0.069 g/100 ml @ 25 °Csol in soln of alkali cyanides, chloridessol in boiling water with decompSOL IN HOT WATER, AMMONIUM SALTS, POTASSIUM CYANIDE, HYDROCHLORIC ACID, AMMONIASLIGHTLY SOL IN ALCOHOL, ETHERMethanol (Slightly)希塩酸、シアン化カリウム、アンモニアに可溶。エタノールおよびエーテルにわずかに溶ける。水に溶けません。 |
| 引火点 | greater than 250 °F (USCG, 1999)Flash point > 250 °F120 °C |
| 沸点 | Decomposes about 329.0 °F (USCG, 1999) |
| Decomposition | WHEN HEATED TO DECOMPOSITION, IT EMITS HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF /MERCURY, NITROGEN OXIDES, SULFUR OXIDES AND HYDROGEN CYANIDE/. |
| 融点 | 165 °C (decomposes)165 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| 蒸気密度 | 10.9 (Air=1) |
| Physical Description | Mercury thiocyanate appears as an odorless white crystalline powder. Insoluble in water and denser than water. Hence sinks in water. Very toxic by inhalation and ingestion.White solid[Merck Index] Thermally unstable[Ullmann] |
| Other Experimental Properties | When heated it swells up to many times its original vol, decomposing finally into mercury, nitrogen, etc, @ about 165 °CSoluble ionized mercuric salts give a yellow precipitate of HgO with NaOH and a red precipitate of HgI2 with alkali iodide.Thermally unstable. Decomposition begins at 110 °C and becomes spontaneous at 165 °C. |
| 貯蔵条件 | Store at RT. |
| 外観・状態 | 粉 |
| 色 | 白色～淡黄色 |
| pH | 5 (20°C, 50g/L in H2O, slurry) |
| Merck | 14,5890 |
| BRN | 3561344 |
| 安定性 | 安定。強酸とは相容れない。光や湿気に敏感な場合があります。 |
| InChI | 1S/2CHNS.Hg/c2*2-1-3/h2*3H/q+2/p-2 |
| InChIKey | GBZANUMDJPCQHY-UHFFFAOYSA-L |
| SMILES | N#CS[Hg]SC#N |
| CAS データベース | 592-85-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Mercuric thiocyanate (592-85-8) |
化学的特性
Mercuric thiocyanate is an inorganic chemical substance. It is a stable solid at room temperature, and depending upon the purity, it appears as odourless white crystalline powder or grey. It is insoluble in water and denser than water and sinks in water. The solubility in alcohol and boiling H2O and in KSCN solution is higher, in ether lower. Decomposes with swelling on heating to 165°C. On decomposition, mercuric thiocyanate releases hazardous substances such as cyanide vapours, vapours of mercury, oxides of nitrogen (NO, NO2), and oxides of sulphur (SO2, SO3). Mercury thiocyanate has limited uses in chemical synthesis.
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | DangerH300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 76 reports by companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H300: Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral] |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: Thiocyanic acid, mercury(2+) saltMercury (II) thiocyanate: HSNO Approval: HSR004552 Approved with controlsThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Thiocyanic acid, mercury(2+) salt: Environment tier I assessment |
| 輸送ラベル（DOT） | Poison |
| 火災危険 | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: When heated, decomposes into mercury, nitrogen, etc., at about 165 °C.· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. |
| 健康有害性 | INHALATION: Acute poisoning symptoms are: Tightness in the chest, difficulty in breathing, coughing, and pain in the chest. EYES: Ulceration of conjunctiva and cornea. SKIN: Irritation, sensitization dermatitis. INGESTION: Necrosis, pain, vomiting, severe purging. Patient may die within a few hours from peripheral vascular collapse. (USCG, 1999)· Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. |
| 有害性の概要 | A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritantMay cause skin sensitizationHighly toxic if inhaled or ingested[CAMEO] See Mercury, inorganic compounds and the linked occupational disease. See CYANIDES. |
| 輸送番号・ガイド（DOT） | 1646 151 |
| 反応性グループ | Salts, Basic |
| RCRA 要件 | D009A solid waste containing mercury may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Mercury/ |
| OSHA Standards | Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL still enforced in some states: Hg vapor, TWA 0.05 mg/cu m, skinNon-alkyl cmpds, Ceiling 0.1 mg/cu m, skin. /Mercury cmpd, as Hg, (except (organo) alkyls)/ |
| Reactivity Profile | MERCURY THIOCYANATE decomposes into its elements at about 165 °C. Burns readily in air to generate a coil of cohesive ash resembling a serpent (hence used in a firework: Pharaoh's serpents). Swells up to many times its original volume if heated (USCG, 1999). Soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid [Merck]. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| 大気基準 | Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Mercuric thiocyanate is included on this list. |
| 消火 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]: |
| 漏出応急措置 | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. |
| 応急処置 | Get medical attention.General First Aid: |
| 暴露管理・個人防護 | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).0.02 [mg/m3], as Hg, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)] |
| 消火手順 | If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty). Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. |
| 保管条件 | PROTECT FROM LIGHT. |
| 清掃方法 | Environmental considerations: Water spill: Add dilute caustic soda. If dissolved, apply sodium sulfide solution to precipitate heavy metals. If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount. Allow to aerate. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.Mercury spills should be cleaned up immediately by use of a special vacuum cleaner. Then the area should be washed with a dilute calcium sulfide solution. Small quantities of mercury can be picked up by mixing with copper metal granules. ... /Mercury/Mercury removal from waste water can be accomplished by these processes: BMS processChlorine is added to the waste water, oxidizing any mercury present to the ionic state. The BMS adsorbent (an activated carbon concentrate of sulfur cmpd on its surface) is used to collect ionic mercury. The spent adsorbent is then distilled to recover the mercury, leaving a carbon residue for reuse or disposal. TMR IMAC ProcessWaste water is fed into a reactor, whereby a slight excess of chlorine is maintained, oxidizing any mercury present to ionic mercury. The liquid is then passed through the TMR IMAC ion-exchange resin where mercury ions are adsorbed. The mercury is then stripped from the spent resin with hydrochloric acid solution. /Mercury cmpds/For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for MERCURIC THIOCYANATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| 非火災時の漏出対応 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]: |
| 処分方法 | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D009, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. |
| Preventive Measures | Preventive measures: Adequate ventilationUse of disposable uniforms, so that a contaminated uniform is not a source of absorption through the skinuse of disposable mercury-vapor-absorbing masksCareful attention to good housekeeping, eg, avoidance of spills, and prompt and proper cleaning if a spill occursAll containers of mercury and its compounds should be kept tightly closedFloors should be washed on a regular basis with dilute calcium sulfide solution or other suitable reactantFloors should be nonporousAll workers directly involved in the plant operation should shower thoroughly each day before leaving.Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers.Preventative measure: adequate ventilationcareful attention to good housekeeping, e.g., avoidance of spills, and prompt and proper cleaning if a spill occursshould be washed on a regular basis with dilute calcium sulfide solution or other suitable reactantall workers directly involved in the plant operation should shower thoroughly each day before leaving. /Mercury compounds/ |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-Combustible)]:Immediate precautionary measure |
| Minimum Risk Level | Chronic Inhalation: 0.0002 mg/m3 (Mercury) (L134) |
| Treatment | Mercury poisoning is treated by immediate decontamination and chelation therapy using DMSA, DMPS, DPCN, or dimercaprol. Antidotes to cyanide poisoning include hydroxocobalamin and sodium nitrite, which release the cyanide from the cytochrome system, and rhodanase, which is an enzyme occurring naturally in mammals that combines serum cyanide with thiosulfate, producing comparatively harmless thiocyanate. Oxygen therapy can also be administered. (A7, L97) |
| 健康影響 | Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. Exposure to high levels of cyanide for a short time harms the brain and heart and can even cause coma, seizures, apnea, cardiac arrest and death. Chronic inhalation of cyanide causes breathing difficulties, chest pain, vomiting, blood changes, headaches, and enlargement of the thyroid gland. Skin contact with cyanide salts can irritate and produce sores. (L7, L96, L97) |
| 生態毒性値 | LC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 0.39 mg/l/24 and 48 hrLC50 Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 0.15 mg/l/96 hr |
| 有害作用 | Neurotoxin - Sensorimotor |
| 暴露経路 | Oral (L7)inhalation (L7)dermal (L7) |
| 毒性の概要 | High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. Cyanide is an inhibitor of cytochrome c oxidase in the fourth complex of the electron transport chain (found in the membrane of the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells). It complexes with the ferric iron atom in this enzyme. The binding of cyanide to this cytochrome prevents transport of electrons from cytochrome c oxidase to oxygen. As a result, the electron transport chain is disrupted and the cell can no longer aerobically produce ATP for energy. Tissues that mainly depend on aerobic respiration, such as the central nervous system and the heart, are particularly affected. Cyanide is also known produce some of its toxic effects by binding to catalase, glutathione peroxidase, methemoglobin, hydroxocobalamin, phosphatase, tyrosinase, ascorbic acid oxidase, xanthine oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. Cyanide binds to the ferric ion of methemoglobin to form inactive cyanmethemoglobin. (L7, A8, A25, A26, L97) |
| Signs and Symptoms | Common symptoms include peripheral neuropathy (presenting as paresthesia or itching, burning or pain), skin discoloration (pink cheeks, fingertips and toes), edema (swelling), and desquamation (dead skin peels off in layers). Cyanide poisoning is identified by rapid, deep breathing and shortness of breath, general weakness, giddiness, headaches, vertigo, confusion, convulsions/seizures and eventually loss of consciousness. (A5, L96, L97) |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | THIOCYANATES ARE NOT NORMALLY DISSOCIATED INTO CYANIDETHEY HAVE A LOW ACUTE TOXICITY. /THIOCYANATES/ |
| Carcinogen Classification | No indication of carcinogenicity (not listed by IARC). (L135) |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | MERCURIC THIOCYANATE WAS HAZARDOUS TO 1 FRESHWATER SPECIES (FATHEAD MINNOW) AND 1 SALTWATER SPECIES (GRASS SHRIMP OR WHITE SHRIMP) IN STATIC 96-HR TOXICITY TESTS. |
| Evidence for Carcinogenicity | A4: Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Mercury, elemental and inorganic forms, as Hg/ |
| Antidote and Emergency Treatment | Basic Treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and neat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with available water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Mercury and related compounds/Advanced Treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient with severe pulmonary edema or respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Mercury and related compounds/Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Isocyanates, aliphatic thiocyanates, and related compounds/Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. If signs of hypovolemia are present, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . Treat exposure to Lethane 60 Lethane 384, Thanite, methyl, ethyl, or isopropyl thiocyanateswith the cyanide antidote kit (DIRECT PHYSICIAN ORDER ONLY, refer to cyanide guideline and cyanide protocol in Section Four). Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Isocyanates, aliphatic thiocyanates, and related compounds/ |
| CERCLA 報告数量 | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
| 清浄水法要件 | Mercuric thiocyanate is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. |
| 州飲料水ガイドライン | (AZ) ARIZONA 3 ug/l /Mercury/ |
| Federal Drinking Water Standards | EPA 2 ug/l /Mercury/ |
| 連邦飲料水ガイドライン | EPA 2 ug/l /Mercury/ |
| F | 8 |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 3 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | XL1550000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 1646 |
| PRTR法 | 第1種指定化学物質 |
| 税関コード | 28521000 |
| 危険文句（R） | 26/27/28-32-33-50/53-20/21/22 |
| 安衛法 | 特定化学物質障害予防規則:第2類物質,57,57-2 |
| 危険表示 | T+,N,Xn |
| 安全措置（S） | 13-28-45-60-61-46-36/37 |
| 危険等級 | 6.1Acute Tox. 1 DermalAcute Tox. 2 InhalationAcute Tox. 2 OralAquatic Acute 1Aquatic Chronic 1STOT RE 2 |
| 包装等級 | II |
| 毒劇物取締法 | II |
| 貯蔵分類 | 6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2very toxic hazardous materials |
| 有害物質データ | 592-85-8(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 危険度評価（NFPA 704基準/消防庁データ） | 人的[青]=3 火災[赤]=1 |
用途
用途
分析試薬(塩化物イオンの吸光分析等)。
使用
For Pharaoh's serpents (fireworks); intensifier in photography.
製法・合成法
純化方法
Recrystallise it from H2O, and it can give various crystal forms depending on conditions. Its solubility in H2O is 0.069% at 25o, but is more soluble at higher temperatures. It decomposes to Hg above 165o. Poisonous. [Mason & Forgeng J Phys Chem 35 1121 1931, Birckenbach & Kolb Chem Ber 68 919 1935.]