1-ニトロオキシプロパン

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]:

Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. Combat fire from a sheltered position.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for n-Propyl nitrate:

General First Aid:

(General first aid procedures)

· Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Methemoglobin in blood = 1.5% of hemoglobin during or at end of shift. [ACGIH]

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Remove all ignition sources. Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Do NOT wash away into sewer.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility of 3,290 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that n-propyl nitrate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of n-propyl nitrate from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 1.27X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). The potential for volatilization of n-propyl nitrate from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon a vapor pressure of 23.5 mm Hg(4). No data were located regarding the biodegradation of n-propyl nitrate(SRC); however, biodegradation data for nitroglycerin suggest that alkyl nitrates may undergo biodegradation under acclimated conditions(5,6).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 40(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 3,290 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that n-propyl nitrate is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 1.27X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2 hours and 4 days, respectively(SRC). Although n-propyl nitrate is not expected to undergo hydrolysis readily, it may photolyze under conditions of sunlit surface water based on photolysis half-lives ranging from approximately 8 to 40 days(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 5(SRC), from the measured water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). No data were located regarding the biodegradation of n-propyl nitrate(SRC); however, biodegradation data for nitroglycerin suggest that alkyl nitrates may biodegrade in water under acclimated conditions(6,7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-propyl nitrate, which has a vapor pressure of 23.5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase n-propyl nitrate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 22 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.3X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Based upon its UV cross section, the direct photolysis half-life of n-propyl nitrate has been estimated to range from about 8 to 40 days depending upon the angle and intensity of the sun(4).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour and by ingestion.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Blue lips, fingernails and skin. Dizziness. Headache. Nausea. Confusion. Convulsions. Unconsciousness.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Abdominal pain. Further see Inhalation.

In Animals: irritation eyes, skin; methemoglobinemia, anoxia, cyanosis; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), dizziness, headache

The Koc for n-propyl nitrate can be estimated to be 40(SRC)using a measured water solubility of 3,290 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2) According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that n-propyl nitrate is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

RURAL/REMOTE: n-Propyl nitrate was measured at a rural site in Ontario, Canada at an average concn of about 5 parts per trillion in 1990(1). n-Propyl nitrate was identified, not quantified, in the atmosphere over the western Pacific Ocean (43 deg N, 150 deg E and 4 deg N 113 deg E) in 1994(2). n-Propyl nitrate was measured at two rural sites in Germany at concns ranging from 1 to 20 parts per trillion in 1988(3). n-Propyl nitrate was detected in the atmosphere of the Islands of Hawaii at concns of 0.30 to 0.55 parts per trillion(4).

n-Propyl nitrate's former production and use as a rocket fuel(1) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Alkyl nitrates, including n-propyl nitrate, are commonly formed in the atmosphere through the reaction of the alkyl peroxy radical (generated by the reaction of alkanes with hydroxyl radicals) and nitric oxide(2).

No data were located regarding the biodegradation of n-propyl nitrate or other low molecular weight alkyl nitrates(SRC). Nitroglycerin (1,2,3-propanetriol, trinitrate) was completely biodegraded in 13 days using river water and river water/sediment microcosms obtained from a river near a munitions facility in Virginia(1). Nitroglycerin was also biodegraded about 53% in five days using an activated sludge inoculum in a shake flask test that was run at 30 °C(2). These results suggest that alkyl nitrates may undergo biodegradation under acclimated conditions(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 5 was calculated for n-propyl nitrate(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 3,290 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for n-propyl nitrate is 1.27X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that n-propyl nitrate is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 4 days(SRC). n-Propyl nitrate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of n-propyl nitrate from dry soil surfaces may exist based upon a vapor pressure of 23.5 mm Hg(3).