フィブロネクチン

解説フィブロネクチンは，動物細胞表面および血漿中に存在する分子量4.6×105 の巨大な糖タンパク質．αとβサブユニットからなる．細胞マトリックス型と血漿型の2種類が存在する．多数のドメイン構造を有し，相互作用するタンパク質も多く，多様な機能を担っているが，細胞接着が主要なはたらきと考えられる．語源はfibra(fiber)＋nexus(interconnection)．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

説明Fibronectin (FN) is a glycoprotein whose size ranges from 230 to 270 kDa and usually exists as a dimer, covalently linked by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-termini. Each monomer consists of three repeating units: 12 Type I, 2 Type II, and 15–17 Type III domains, which account for 90% of the FN sequence. Structural homologs of the Type I, II, and III domains exist in other biomolecules, suggesting that FN evolved through exon shuffling. Despite originating from a single gene, as many as 20 different human variants and 12 different rodent and cow variant FN isoforms have been identified, indicating alternative splicing mechanisms unique to species and tissue development. FN is subcategorized as either plasma FN (pFN), predominantly synthesized by liver hepatocytes, or cellular FN (cFN), which is produced by a wide variety of cells, including fibroblasts, chondrocytes, myocytes, and synovial cells. pFN circulates in the blood at a high concentration (approximately 300 μg/mL), while cFN is locally secreted[1].

使用fibronectin (hydrolyzed) is a humectant and moisturizing agent for skin creams and lotions.

一般的な説明Native fibronectin purified from human plasma. Effective agent for promoting attachment of cells to commonly-used culture substrates.

純化方法This glycoprotein contains 5-12% of carbohydrate. It has been purified by glycine fractionation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. This material is dissolved in 0.25M Tris-phosphate buffer pH 7.0, diluted to 20% and glycine added gradually till 2.1M when the temperature falls to below 15o. The precipitate contains mainly fibrinogen. The supernatant is discarded, and the precipitate is treated with an equal volume of H2O, cooled (to 0o) and precipitated by adding EtOH to 16% (v/v) at -4o. The precipitate contains some CI (Cold Insoluble) globulin, fibronectin and small quantities of other proteins. To remove these the precipitate is dissolved in 0.25M Tris-phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) ca 0.5% and purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography after diluting the buffer to 0.05M buffer. [Morrison et al. J Am Chem Soc 70 3103 1948, Mosesson & Umfleet J Biol Chem 245 5728 1970, Mosesson & Amrani Blood 56 145 1980, Akiyama & Yamada Adv Enzymol 59 51 1987.]