1-ニトロソピロリジン

This compound is not very flammable but any fire involving this compound may produce dangerous vapors. You should evacuate the area. All firefighters should wear full-body protective clothing and use self-contained breathing apparatuses. You should extinguish any fires involving this chemical with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, or halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practicable to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired. ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms. ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal. ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately. ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly. ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated. ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

Decontamination of N-nitrosamine contaminated glassware /was described/. /N-Nitrosamines/

Nitrosamine residues generated in laboratory research or accidental spills in research laboratories and diluted to concn of 10 mg/L or less are rapidly reduced to innocuous amines, ammonia, or alcohols by aluminum-nickel alloy powder and aqueous alkali. The method is applicable to a variety of media (water, mineral oil, olive oil, dimethylsulfoxide, soln of agar gel) but is not recommended for use with nitrosamines in acetone or dichloromethane because reactions are slow and incomplete. After the reduced reaction mixture is filtered, the liquid is disposed of by pouring it over sufficient absorbent material to convert it to a solid waste for incineration. /Nitrosamines/

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: You should dampen the solid spill material with acetone, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the adsorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminate area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U180, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

A potential candidate for liquid injection incineration at a temperature range of 650 to 1,600 °C and a residence time of 0.1 to 2 seconds. A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

A one-step procedure for chemically degrading nitrosamine residues generated in research laboratory is described. Treatment with aluminum-nickel alloy powder & aqueous alkali rapidly reduced all 11 nitrosamines studied to the corresponding amines. Hydrazines were produced as transitory intermediates, but these potential carcinogens were also reduced under the conditions employed, & no products except amines, ammonia, & in some cases, alcohols were detected in the final reaction mixtures. Various solvent systems are discussed. Some of the nitrosamines degraded were NDMA, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodiisopropylamine, NDBA, N-nitrosomorpholine, N-nitroso-N-methylaniline, N-nitrosomethyl(methoxymethyl)amine, & N-nitroso-N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine. /Nitrosamines/

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for N-NITROSOPYRROLIDINE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide additional protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for N-NITROSOPYRROLIDINE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

MINIMUM PROTECTIVE CLOTHING: If Tyvek-type disposable protective clothing is not worn during handling of this chemical, wear disposable Tyvek-type sleeves taped to your gloves.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent ... Safety pipettes ... for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory ... protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators ... when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons ... gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color. /Chemical carcinogens/

Wear nitrile rubber gloves, protective laboratory coat, self-contained breathing apparatus, eye protection and protective shoes. /Nitrosamines/

... Oral administration of ethanol (6.3 g/kg bw) 1 hr prior to administration of ... N-nitrosopyrrolidine resulted in a substantial reduction of genotoxicity that was more pronounced in the liver as compared to lungs, spleen, kidneys and blood. However, when the same ethanol dose was given 26 hr before ... N-nitrosopyrrolidine, an increase of DNA damage was found, that was, in most cases, higher in the kidneys than in the liver. Significant enhancement of genotoxic activity was also measured in lungs and spleen, whereas only a marginal increase was detectable in the blood. Repeated administration of smaller ethanol doses (2.0 g/kg body wt at 12 hr intervals) for 4 days caused a comparable increase. Similar enhancement of genotoxicity was also measured when acetone (3.5 g/kg) was given orally 15 hr before nitrosamine administration. The stimulating effect of ethanol was dose dependent and was absent when the alcohol was administered 60 hr prior to the nitrosamine. ...

N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) is an important carcinogen, frequently present in the environment and food chain. Oral administration of NPYR to experimental rats evoked severe biochemical and pathological changes. In the present investigation, the protective role of dietary fibre on NPYR-induced toxicity in hypercholesterolemic rats was studied. Supplementation of chickpea seed coat fibre in the diet reduced the hepato-toxic effects of NPYR, as evident from the decreased hepatic degeneration and improved liver weight index compared to control. Administration of NPYR resulted in an increase in the osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in the experimental animals. The antioxidant potential of experimental animals decreased in the NPYR-fed group, which was evident from the increased in vitro lipid peroxidation (LPO) of erythrocytes. However, chickpea seed coat fibre considerably reduced the peroxidative damage done by NPYR. Administration of NPYR resulted in a substantial and significant increase in LPO in all tissues, to a varying degree, though the effect was maximum in the case of the liver. Inclusion of chickpea seed coat fibre considerably reduced the peroxidative damage caused by NPYR in all tissues. The effect of NPYR administration on antioxidant potential was variable in different tissues, but the effect was reduced considerably on inclusion of chickpea seed coat fibre in the diet, providing reasonable protection against NPYR-induced oxidative stress, and, hence, its toxicity. Histopathological analysis of different tissues (heart, liver, lungs, spleen and kidneys) showed mild to severe pathological changes among the control and experimental groups. However, the pathological effects of NPYR administration were markedly reduced with the addition of chickpea seed coat fibre in the diet.

Inclusion of 10% ethanol with 6.8 ppm N-nitrosodiethylamine in the drinking water of strain A male mice resulted in a 4-fold enhancement of multiplicity of lung tumors and a 16-fold increase in incidence of forestomach tumors, compared with carcinogen alone. Given with 40 ppm N-nitrosopyrrolidine, ethanol caused a 5.5-fold increase in lung tumor multiplicity. ... The data provide additional support for the proposal that co-administered ethanol increases the tumorigenicity of nitrosamines by blocking hepatic first-pass clearance.

The effect of chronic ethanol consumption by hamsters on the carcinogenicity & target tissue metabolism of N-nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR) was examined. Ethanol-consuming hamsters treated with NPYR developed more nasal cavity & tracheal tumors than controls. Tracheal rings isolated from ethanol-consuming hamsters metabolized NPYR at a higher rate than similar preparation from control animals.

For more Interactions (Complete) data for N-NITROSOPYRROLIDINE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated Koc values of 92 and 6(SRC), determined respectively from a structure estimation method(2) and using a log Kow of -0.19(3) and a regression-derived equation(2), indicates that N-nitrosopyrrolidine may have very high to high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of N-nitrosopyrrolidine from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a measured Henry's Law constant of 4.89X10-8 atm-cu m/mole at 37 °C(4). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based on a measured vapor pressure of 0.06 mm Hg at 20 °C(5). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine absorbs UV light strongly above 290 nm with a log epilson maxima of 2.2 at 335 nm(6) and a quantum yield of 0.55 in aqueous solution exposed to simulated sunlight(7); therefore, N-nitrosopyrrolidine is expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis on soil surfaces exposed to sunlight(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), estimated Koc values of 92 and 6(SRC), determined respectively from a structure estimation method(2) and using a log Kow of -0.19(3) and a regression-derived equation(2), indicates that N-nitrosopyrrolidine is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(4) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.89X10-8 atm-cu m/mole atm-cu m/mole(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of -0.19(3), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The direct photolysis rate constant for N-nitrosopyrrolidine in aqueous solution exposed to irradiation representing Southern California midsummer, midday sun was observed to be 0.055/min with a half-life of 14 minutes and a quantum yield of 0.55(7). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine is stable at room temperature for more than 14 days in neutral or alkaline aqueous solutions in the dark(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N-nitrosopyrrolidine which has a measured vapor pressure of 0.06 mg Hg at 20 °C(2) will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase N-nitrosopyrrolidine is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 25 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.55X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine absorbs UV light strongly above 290 nm with a log epilson maximum of 2.2 at 335 nm(4) and a quantum yield of 0.55 in aqueous solution exposed to simulated sunlight(5); therefore, N-nitrosopyrrolidine is expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

IIn the US, the average content in bacon is decreasing. A study in 1971-1974 showed 67 ug/kg; in 1975-76, the value was 17 ug/kg.

NPYR /N-nitrosopyrrolidine/ was found in 50% of 46 samples of several types of animal feed at levels of 1-26 ug/kg. ... Found levels of 2-8 ug/kg in 5/6 fishmeal samples.

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine has been found in a number of foods, primarily meat products(1).[Table#5166]

Dry premixed cures containing spices and sodium nitrite were found to contain up to 40 ug/kg NPYR /N-nitrosopyrrolidine/ when received; this could increase up to 520 ug/kg during 6-mo storage. ... Found 730 ug/kg NPYR in a spice-cure mixture buffered with sodium carbonate.

None of the 11 types of cheese (9 Italian, 2 Dutch) analyzed for volatile nitrosamines contained N-nitrosopyrrolidine (detection limit 1.67 ug/kg)(3). The concentration of N-nitrosopyrrolidine in 15 samples of smoked fried bacon and 10 samples of unsmoked fried bacon was <2.0 to 19.0 ug/kg and <2.0 to 9.0 ug/kg, respectively; the median concentrations were 9.0 and 4.0 ug/kg, respectively(1). Of 25 samples of cheese, meat and fish analyzed for N-nitrosopyrrolidine, levels were <0.5 ug/kg in 8 samples and ranged from 1.0 to 11.0 ug/kg in the other samples(2). The food containing 11 ug/kg was fried pig's liver. Samples of fried dry-cured bacon and drippings from 16 production plants contained mean N-nitrosopyrrolidine concentrations of 3.4 to 15.9 and 7.6 to 42.1 ppb, respectively(4). In a preliminary survey of the Italian market, the concentration of N-nitrosopyrrolidine in canned pork with jelly was 2.35 ppb; its concentrations in other luncheon meat products ranged from <0.3 to 5.88 ppb and it was not detected in cured meat products (detection limit 0.3 ppb)(5). Only two of 63 samples of various fish and seafoods analyzed for volatile nitrosamines contained N-nitrosopyrrolidine, smoked cod and smoked kippers, containing 1.9 ppb each (detection limit 0.1 to 0.2 ppb)(6). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine was detected 75 samples of fried pork bacon at a range of 0.7-25 ug/kg (mean 6.7 ug/kg)(7).

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine was found at concentrations of 0.09-0.02 ug/L in water from 2 to 19 chemical factories(1). N-Nitrosopyrrolidine concentrations of 4.2 ppb and 1.3 ppb were found in municipal sewage sludge from San Diego and Seattle, respectively(2). Analysis of anaerobic digester mixed liquor (ADML) from three wastewater treatment plants in the southeastern US detected N-nitrosopyrrolidine concentrations of <25 ng/L(3); N-nitrosopyrrolidine concentrations in the primary sludge supernatant and thickened waste-activated sludge ranged from <50 to 59 ng/L(3).

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine

Hepatic

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... In relation specifically to cancer hazards, there are at present no health monitoring methods that may ensure the early detection of preneoplastic lesions or lesions which may prelude them. Whenever medical surveillance is indicated, in particular when exposure to a carcinogen has occurred, ad hoc decisions should be taken concerning additional tests that might become useful or mandatory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

The Koc of N-nitrosopyrrolidine is estimated as 6(SRC), using a log Kow of -0.19(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(2), the Koc of can be estimated to be 92(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), these estimated Koc value suggest that N-nitrosopyrrolidine may have very high to high mobility in soil.

The most significant source of N-nitrosamines and N-nitrosamides in the environment is probably nitrosation of amine and amide precursors. These reactions may occur in air, soil, water, food and animal systems, when the precursors are present simultaneously. /N-Nitrosamines and N-Nitrosamides/

U180; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when N-nitrosopyrrolidine, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

(a) Chemical substance and significant new use subject to reporting. (1) The chemical substance N-nitrosopyrrolidine (CAS No. 930-55-2) is subject to reporting under this section for the significant new use described in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (2) The significant new use is: Manufacture, import, or processing of 10,000 pounds or more per year per facility for any use.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Nitrosamines/

The levels for N-nitrosopyrrolidine through ingestion of contaminated water and contaminated aquatic organisms ... which may result in incremental increase of cancer risk over the lifetime are estimated at 1X10-5, 1X10-6, and 1X10-7. The corresponding criteria are 160 ng/L, 16 ng/L, and 1.6 ng/L, respectively. For consumption of aquatic organisms only, excluding consumption of water, the levels are 919,000 ng/L, 91,900 ng/L, and 9,190 ng/L, respectively. /Nitrosamines/

(AZ) ARIZONA 0.02 ug/l

(FL) FLORIDA 4 ug/l

Used as a research chemical; [HSDB] Present in food products and tobacco smoke; [Merck Index]

N-Nitrosopyrrolidine is used primarily as a research chemical and is not produced commercially in the United States

(1977) NOT PRODUCED COMMERCIALLY IN USA

(1982) NOT PRODUCED COMMERCIALLY IN USA

(1978) Not produced commercially in the USA