1-(3-クロロアリル)-3,5,7-トリアザ-1-アゾニアアダマンタン·クロリド

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Nonrefillable container: Do not reuse or refill this container. Completely empty liner by shaking and tapping sides and bottom to loosen clinging particles. Empty residue into mix tank. Triple rinse drum liner and remove liner and dispose of liner in a sanitary landfill, or by incineration, or, if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke. Then offer drum for recycling if available. If drum is contaminated and cannot be reused, dispose of it in the manner required for its liner. /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Waste resulting from the use of this product may be disposed of on a site or at an approved waste disposal facility. /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

Nonrefillable container: Do not reuse or refill this container. Completely empty liner by shaking and tapping sides and bottom to loosen clinging particles. Empty residue into mix tank. Triple rinse drum liner and remove liner and dispose of liner in a sanitary landfill, or by incineration, or, if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned, stay out of smoke. Then offer drum for recycling if available. If drum is contaminated and cannot be reused, dispose of it in the manner required for its liner. /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or using the toilet. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

Do no wear clothing grossly contaminated with the product. /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

6.0 [mg/m3]

17 [mg/m3]

99 [mg/m3]

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

Handlers must wear chemical-resistant gloves (such as nitrile, butyl, neoprene, and/or Barrier-4-laminate). /Dowicil 75 Preservative/

Quaternium-15 releases formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen. It may also react to produce nitrosamines, which are believed to be carcinogenic. Quaternium-15 is also an allergen, and can cause contact dermatitis in susceptible individuals. Many of those with an allergy to quaternium-15 are also allergic to formaldehyde. It is the single most often found cause of allergic contact dermatitis of the hands. (L962, L1890, L1897)

LD50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) oral >2510 mg/kg (67.5% a.i.) /Dowicil CTAC; contains the two active ingredients Dowicil75 and Dowicil150/

LD50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) oral 1440 mg/kg (95% a.i.) /Dowicil CTAC; contains the two active ingredients Dowicil75 and Dowicil150/

LC50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) dietary >5620 ppm (67.5% a.i.) /Dowicil CTAC; contains the two active ingredients Dowicil75 and Dowicil150/

LC50; Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) dietary >5627 ppm (95% a.i.) /Dowicil CTAC; contains the two active ingredients Dowicil75 and Dowicil150/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for N-(3-CHLOROALLYL)HEXAMINIUM CHLORIDE (21 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride is 97.8% ionized in moist soil(1), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(2). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because cations do not volatilize(SRC). N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of <1.0X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(1). A biological screening study using Sapromat apparatus observed degradation of N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride with an initial half-life of about 1.5 days and 95-100% degradation after 7 days of incubation(3).

AQUATIC FATE: N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride is 97.8% ionized in aqueous solutions(1), indicating it will exist almost entirely in the cation form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of -0.10(1) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). The aqueous hydrolysis half-lives of N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride (58 ppm concentration, 25 °C) were reported as 1.1, 2.7, and 2.2 days at pH 5, 7, and 9, respectively(1). A biological screening study using Sapromat apparatus, observed degradation of N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride with an initial half-life of about 1.5 days and 95-100% degradation after 7 days of incubation(4).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride, which has a vapor pressure of <1.0X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 44 min(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 5.2X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride with ozone has been estimated as 1.2X10-17 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 10 days at an atmospheric concentration of 7X10+11 ozone molecules per cu cm(4). Particulate-phase N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(5) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Quaternium-15 is safe as a cosmetic ingredient in the practices of use in this safety assessment at concentrations not to exceed 0.2%.

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Quaternium-15 is a formaldehyde releaser. It is likely that formaldehyde toxicity occurs when intracellular levels saturate formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity, allowing the unmetabolized intact molecule to exert its effects. Formaldehyde is known to form cross links between protein and DNA and undergo metabolic incorporation into macromolecules (DNA, RNA, and proteins). Quaternium-15 is also a nitrosating agent. Nitrosating agents may decompose and/or react to cause nitrosamine contamination. Nitrosamines are produced from secondary amines and amides in the presence of nitrite ions and are believed to be carcinogenic. Once in the body, nitrosamines are activated by cytochrome P-450 enzymes. They are then believed to induce their carcinogenic effects by forming DNA adducts at the N- and O-atoms. (L962, L1889, L1890, A2878, A2879, A2880, L1897)

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from, as of October 19, 2012: http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=4080-31-3]

N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride is 97.8% ionized in aqueous solutions(1), indicating that this compound will exist almost entirely in cation form in the environment and cations generally adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(2).

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A modified Draize procedure /was performed/ to evaluate Quaternium-15 (5%) for sensitization in 183 healthy subjects. The test consisted of a series of ten 24-hour induction patches and a challenge patch following a 10- to 14-day nontreatment period. The induction patches were administered every other day, with a 24-hour rest between each application. One subject had a sensitization reaction at challenge.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A moisturizer containing Quaternium-15 (0.3%) was tested for irritancy in a 21-day cumulative irritation study. The moisturizer was applied to the same test site (on the back) of 10 individuals for 21 consecutive days. The test sites were covered with occlusive patches for 23 hours, rinsed, and then scored for irritation 1 hour later. A fresh patch was reapplied immediately after scoring. One panelist had barely perceptible erythema on day 3, and no other reactions were observed.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ The evaluation of quaternium 15 ... for safety and efficacy as a cosmetic preservative is presented. The cmpd acted as an efficient preservative at concn of 0.05 to 2.0% in combination with parabens at 0.3%. Personal experience with numerous formulations has indicated no potential for skin or eye area irritation.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Exposure to wood dust & other chemicals used in particleboard manufacture may cause contact dermatitis. To assess the prevalence & nature of skin complaints in the refining & drying department of a particleboard manufacturing facility following introduction of a new process, workers were assessed by a physician, using a standardized questionnaire concerning symptoms, past and family history, workplace exposures, & use of protective equipment. Cutaneous examination & patch testing were then performed. Questionnaire results showed that workers complained of rash, nasal & eye irritation ... cough & bothersome odors ... Quaternium-15 (Dowicil 200) was the only allergen to which more than 1 individual reacted. Aside from the odours ... Allergic reactions on patch testing were few and did not explain the dermatitis; most skin reactions were irritant ...

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for N-(3-CHLOROALLYL)HEXAMINIUM CHLORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

N-(3-Chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride's production and use as a bactericide and preservative in latexes, paints, floor polishes, joint cements, adhesives, inks, and starches(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams.(SRC).

AEROBIC: Using an activated sludge inoculum from a domestic sewage plant and an aerobic Sapromat apparatus protocol(1), 50-60% of initial N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride (10 mg/L) was degraded after 1.5 days of incubation with 70% degradation after 2.5 days and 100% degradation after 7 days; at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L, degradation was 35, 40, 75, and 95-100% after 1.5, 2.5, 5.5, and 7 days of incubation, respectively(1). A Warburg respirometer study using an activated sludge inoculum observed 50, 145, and 165 mg/L oxygen consumed after 1, 4, and 6 days of incubation, respectively, using an initial N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride concentration of 250 ppm; at 500, 750, and 1000 ppm initial concentrations, N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride was toxic to the inoculum(2).

Based on the reviews of the generic data for the active ingredients Dowicil 75 and Dowicil 150, the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of Dowicil CTAC and on their potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. The Agency has determined that Dowicil CTAC products, labeled and used as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision, will not pose unreasonable risks or adverse effects to humans or the environment. Therefore, the Agency concludes that products containing Dowicil CTAC for all uses are eligible for reregistration.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. 1-(3-Chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride is found on List C. Case No: 3069; Pesticide type: antimicrobial; Case Status: RED Approved 03/95; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 03/31/92; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for the case/AI.

CIR ingredient: Quaternium-15

Quaternium-15 is a preservative used in cosmetics and in many industrial applications including latex paints, polishes and waxes, metalworking fluids, adhesives, paper, inks, etc. [Marks, 121-2] Dowicil 75 is one of the biocides commonly used in metalworking fluids. [Occupational Exposure to Metalworking Fluids. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 98-102, 1998, Table 4-1] Used as a formaldehyde releaser in cleaning agents, paints, soaps, metalworking fluids, polishes, paper products, textile finishes, joint cements, and photocopier toner; [Kanerva, p. 405]

Metal Machining [Category: Heat or Machine]

For N-(3-chloroallyl)hexaminium chloride (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 017901) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Type of Pesticide: Microbicide/microbistat (slime forming bacteria and fungi). Use Sites: Aquatic non-food industrial: Secondary oil recovery injection water. Indoor non-food: Industrial adhesives and coatings; resin/latex/polymer emulsions; metalworking cutting fluids; oil recovery drilling muds/packer fluids; latex(in-can) paints; specialty industrial products; textiles/textile fibers/cordage; and wet-end additives/industrial processing chemicals.

Preservative in cosmetics, hair care products, soaps, adhesives

3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1-(3-chloro-2-propenyl)-, chloride is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and/or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B; 51FR21438).[EPA/Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics; High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program. 3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo

Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule.[Table#6313]

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 017901; Trade Names: Dowicil 100 (Name no longer in use), Cinartc 200, XD-1840, Dowicil 75, Dowicide Q, Quaternium 15, Dowco 184.

Formulation types registered: Type: End use; Form: solid.

DOWCO 184

DOWICIDE Q

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for N-(3-CHLOROALLYL)HEXAMINIUM CHLORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Cosmetics product ingredient: Quaternium 15

Information on 103 consumer products that contain Quaternium-15 in the following categories is provided:

3,5,7-Triaza-1-azoniatricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decane, 1-(3-chloro-2-propen-1-yl)-, chloride (1:1): ACTIVE

The active ingredient Dowicil 75 contains both the cis-(0.53%) and the trans-(0.44%) isomers of 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride. The active ingredient Dowicil 150 contains only the cis-isomer of 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,7-triaza-1-azoniaadamantane chloride.