クロニジン塩酸塩

2-(2,6-ジクロロアニリノ)-2-イミダゾリン塩酸塩 · ノルモプレサンクロニジン塩酸塩 · クロニジンクロリド · 2-(2,6-ジクロロフェニルアミノ)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-イミダゾール·塩酸塩 · N-(2,6-ジクロロフェニル)-4,5-ジヒドロ-1H-イミダゾール-2-アミン·塩酸塩 · クロニジン·塩酸塩 · クロファゾリン · ヘミトン

https://huagongshe.com/ja/chemical/20179

識別子と物理属性

CAS No.	4205-91-8
分子式	C9H10Cl3N3
平均分子量	266.6 g/mol
単同位体質量	264.99403036 g/mol
SMILES	Cl.Clc1cccc(Cl)c1NC1=NCCN1
InChIKey	ZNIFSRGNXRYGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
PubChem CID	20179
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1705
ChEBI	CHEBI:3758
EC No.	224-121-5
DTXSID	DTXSID8044670
現地名	クロニジン塩酸塩

化学・物理的性質

極性表面積	36.4
水素結合供与体数	3
水素結合受容体数	1
回転可能結合数	2
重原子数	15
形式電荷	0
複雑度	222
Human Drugs	Breast FeedingLactationMilk, HumanAntihypertensive AgentsAdrenergic alpha-2 Receptor AgonistsFDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient
Collision Cross Section	143.3 Å² [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TWMethod: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]
融点	312 °C
貯蔵条件	2-8°C
溶解度	H2O: 50 mg/mL 無色透明水 (50 mg/ml)、DMSO (75 mM)、メタノール、クロロホルム (微量)、無水エタノールに可溶。
外観・状態	個体
色	白い
pH	pH(50g/l, 25℃) : 3.5～6.0
Merck	14,2390
BRN	4163525
BCS Class	1 (LogP), 3 (CLogP)
安定性	Hygroscopic
主な用途	医薬品（低分子化合物）
InChI	InChI=1S/C9H9Cl2N3.ClH/c10-6-2-1-3-7(11)8(6)14-9-12-4-5-13-9/h1-3H,4-5H2,(H2,12,13,14)1H
InChIKey	GLEWMLFXCSBZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	C1(=C(Cl)C=CC=C1Cl)NC1=NCCN1.Cl
CAS データベース	4205-91-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPAの化学物質情報	1H-Imidazol-2-amine, N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-, hydrochloride (1:1) (4205-91-8)

化学的特性

White Solid

安全性と法規制

GHS 分類	DangerH301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P264, P270, P271, P284, P301+P316, P304+P340, P316, P320, P321, P330, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 49 reports by companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.
規制情報	1H-Imidazol-2-amine, N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-, monohydrochloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
その他の安全情報	IMAP assessments - Benzenamine, 2,6-dichloro-N-2-imidazolidinylidene-, monohydrochloride: Human health tier I assessment
Hazard Classes and Categories	Acute Tox. 3 (100%)
Treatment	There is no specific antidote for clonidine overdosage. Clonidine overdosage may result in the rapid development of CNS depressiontherefore, induction of vomiting with ipecac syrup is not recommended. Gastric lavage may be indicated following recent and/or large ingestions. Administration of activated charcoal and/or a cathartic may be beneficial. Supportive care may include atropine sulfate for bradycardia, intravenous fluids and/or vasopressor agents for hypotension and vasodilators for hypertension. Naloxone may be a useful adjunct for the management of clonidine-induced respiratory depression, hypotension and/or comablood pressure should be monitored since the administration of naloxone has occasionally resulted in paradoxical hypertension. Tolazoline administration has yielded inconsistent results and is not recommended as first-line therapy. (L1712)
暴露経路	Well absorbed following oral administration. Bioavailability following chronic administration is approximately 65%.
毒性の概要	Clonidine acts as an agonist at presynaptic alpha(2)-receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the medulla oblongata. Stimulation of these receptors results in the supression of efferent sympathetic pathways and the subsequent decrease in blood pressure and vascular tone in the heart, kidneys, and peripheral vasculature. Clonidine is also a partial agonist at presynaptic alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors of peripheral nerves in vascular smooth muscle.
Signs and Symptoms

用途

生理作用研究用。

使用

Clonidine hydrochloride tablets are indicated in the treatment of hypertension. It has found new uses, including treatment of some types of neuropathic pain, opioid detoxification, sleep hyperhidrosis, anaesthetic use, and off-label, to counter the side effects of stimulant medications such as methylphenidate or amphetamine. It is becoming a more accepted treatment for insomnia, as well as for relief of menopausal symptoms. Clonidine(4205-91-8) is increasingly used in conjunction with stimulants to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

一般的な説明

Clonidine hydrochloride, 2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)imino]imidazolidine monohydrochloride(Catapres), was the first antihypertensive known to acton the CNS. It was synthesized in 1962 as a derivativeof the known -sympathomimetic drugs naphazoline andtolazoline, potential nasal vasoconstrictors, but instead itproved to be effective in the treatment of mild-to-severe hypertension.Clonidine hydrochloride acts by both peripheral andcentral mechanisms in the body to affect blood pressure. Itstimulates the peripheral -adrenergic receptors to producevasoconstriction, resulting in a brief period of hypertension.

製法・合成法

純化方法

This antihypertensive is recrystallised from EtOH/Et2O and dried in a vacuum (solubility in H2O is 5%). The free base has m 124-125o and is recrystallised from hexane. [Jen et al. J Med Chem 18 90 1975, NMR: Jackman & Jen J Am Chem Soc 97 2811 1975.]