(1-アダマンチル)アミン

用途アマンタジン (Amantadine) は、アダマンタンにアミノ基がついた構造をしているアミンの一種である。NMDA受容体を拮抗阻害作用がある。パーキンソン病やA型インフルエンザの治療に使われている。製品名はシンメトレル。

説明Amantadine is an agent that raises the concentration of dopamine in the synaptic cleft by releasing it from neurons and suppressing the process of reuptake.

使用Amantadine is a primary amine derivative of adamantane. It has an effect on mycoviruses, which are RNA-containing viruses. It has a very narrow spectrum of action and is used only for treating and preventing influenza A. It is also used for treating Parkinsonism. The exact mechanism of antiviral action of amantadine is not completely understood. It is believed that it is an ion channel blocker. It has also been suggested that amantadine inhibits absorption of viral particles into the host cell, which is expressed in the breakdown of diffusion of the virus into the cell, or inhibition of the “stripping process” of the virus. The main use is for the prevention of type A2 influenza. Synonyms of this drug are simmetrel, viregit, mantadan, and others.

一般的な説明Amantadine has been used for years as a treatment for Parkinson disease. The adamantanamines have twomechanisms in common:they inhibit an early step in viralreplication, most likely viral uncoating,and in somestrains, they affect a later step that probably involves viral assembly,possibly by interfering with hemagglutinin processing.The main biochemical locus of action is the influenzatype A virus M2 protein, which is an integral membrane proteinthat functions as an ion channel. The M2 channel is a protontransport system. By interfering with the function of theM2 protein, the adamantanamines inhibit acid-mediated dissociationof the ribonucleoprotein complex early in replication.They also interfere with transmembrane proton pumping,maintaining a high intracellular proton concentrationrelative to the extracellular concentration and enhancingacidic pH-induced conformational changes in the hemagglutininduring its intracellular transport at a later stage. The conformationalchanges in hemagglutinin prevent transfer of thenascent virus particles to the cell membrane for exocytosis.