ようかすいそ

解説ようかすいそ，無色，刺激性のある発煙性の気体で，液体は淡黄色を呈する。融点は－50.8℃，沸点－35.1℃，臨界温度150.8℃。気体の密度は5.66g/cm3(0℃，1気圧)で，空気の4.77倍。液体の密度は2.799g/cm3(－35.4℃)。気体におけるHI分子のH―I結合距離は1.609Å。双極子モーメントは0.38D(Dは双極子モーメントの単位デバイの略で，1D＝3.336×10－30C･m)で，H－I結合のイオン性は5％。株式会社平凡社 世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報

用途医薬中間原料、試薬、殺虫剤

用途汎用試薬。還元剤。

用途分析用試薬,医薬原料(化学工業日報社)

説明‘Iodine’ is derived from iodes, a Greek word meaning violet. It is a member of the halide family and hydrogen iodide is considered a strong acid.

使用Hydriodic acid is used in the manufactureof iodides, as a reducing agent, and indisinfectants and pharmaceuticals.

一般的な説明A colorless to yellow liquid with a pungent odor. Consists of a solution of hydrogen iodide in water. Fumes irritate the eyes and mucous membranes. Corrosive to metals and to tissue. It is prepared by the reaction of iodine and hydrosulfuric acid or by the reaction of phosphorus plus iodine plus water followed by distillation. Concentrated hydroiodic acid reacts with the oxygen of the air to form free iodine, which gives a brownish color to the solution. It also gives an idea of the reducing nature of this acid. It is an important reagent in organic chemistry and is used commercially in the preparation of iodides.

使用用途ヨウ化水素は、同じハロゲン化水素である塩化水素やと比べて不安定で、酸化されやすいです。そのため、強い還元剤として利用されます。また、塩化物、臭化物、金属酸化物などと反応してヨウ化物を生成するため、無機ヨウ化物の製造に利用可能です。 さらに、ITO (インジウムスズ酸化物) のドライエッチング剤としても知られています。エッチングとは、物質の腐食作用を利用して、ICの回路を形成する工程のことです。

製造方法Hydrogen iodide is prepared by direct combination of hydrogen and iodinevapor in the presence of platinum catalyst: H2 + I2 → 2HI The compound is produced in commercial scale by reaction of iodine withhydrazine or hydrogen sulfide: 2I2 + N2H4 → 4HI + N2 I2 + H2S → 2HI + S Hydriodic acid may be prepared by dissolving hydrogen iodide gas in water.The acid also may be obtained by electrolysis of iodine solution or by passinghydrogen sulfide into a suspension of iodine in water and boiling to expelexcess sulfide. After boiling, the precipitated sulfur is removed by filtrationthrough fritted glass plate or glass wool. Hydriodic acid in small quantities may be prepared by adding water care-fully to a solid mixture of red phosphorus and iodine. Technical grade hydriodic acid is a 47% HI solution and usually has abrown color due to the presence of free iodine, produced by air oxidation of HI.Hydriodic acid should be stored in the dark to prevent photochemical decom-position, and free from air to prevent oxidation. The addition of 1.5%hypophosphorus acid (H3PO2) prevents oxidative decomposition. Hydriodic acid also is commercially sold at 57% (azeotropic concentration)and 10% aqueous solutions.