クエン酸水和物
2-ヒドロキシ-1,2,3-プロパントリカルボン酸·水和物 · くえん酸水和物 · クエン酸一水和物 · クエン酸一水塩 · エキストランAP22(酸性) · クエン酸水和物(UE‐E) · くえん酸水和物標準品 · クエン酸(結晶)
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 5949-29-1 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C6H8O7.H2O |
| 平均分子量 | 210.14 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 210.03756728 g/mol |
| SMILES | O.O=C(O)CC(O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)O |
| InChIKey | YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 22230 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL2107737 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:31404 |
| EC No. | 611-842-9 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID7074668 |
| 現地名 | クエン酸水和物 |
化学・物理的性質
| 極性表面積 | 133 |
|---|---|
| 水素結合供与体数 | 5 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 8 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 5 |
| 重原子数 | 14 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 227 |
| 物質分類 | Other Classes -> Organic Acids |
| LogP（分配係数） | -1.72 |
| 密度 | 1.5 g/cm³0.791 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| 溶解度 | Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 59.2クエン酸一水和物は、水に易溶、エタノールに易溶、エーテルに難溶。1630g/L (20oC)H2O: 10°C で 54% (w/w) 溶解度 (クエン酸水溶液) |
| Animal Drugs | Pharmaceuticals -> UK Veterinary Medicines Directorate List |
| Decomposition | 175 °C |
| 融点 | 135 °C |
| Physical Description | Dry PowderWhite solidSlightly deliquescent[ICSC] White crystals[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]SLIGHTLY DELIQUESCENT WHITE CRYSTALS. |
| 自然発火温度 | 1010 °C |
| 沸点 | 56 °C760 mm Hg(lit.) |
| 蒸気密度 | 2 (vs air) |
| 蒸気圧 | 184 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| 屈折率 | n20/D 1.359(lit.) |
| 引火点 | 1 °F |
| 貯蔵条件 | no restrictions. |
| 外観・状態 | 個体 |
| pKa（酸解離定数） | 3.138, 4.76, 6.401 |
| 比重 | 0.810 (20/4℃) |
| 色 | 白い |
| pH | 1.85 (50g/l, H2O, 25℃) |
| 臭い | 典型的な、実質的に無臭 |
| Merck | 14,2326 |
| BRN | 4018641 |
| 安定性 | 安定。酸化剤、塩基、還元剤、硝酸塩とは相容れない。 |
| 化粧品成分の機能 | キレート化バッファリング香料 |
| InChI | 1S/C6H8O7.H2O/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12)1H2 |
| InChIKey | YASYEJJMZJALEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | OC(CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O)=O.O |
| CAS データベース | 5949-29-1(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NISTの化学物質情報 | Citric acid monohydrate(5949-29-1) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hydrate (1:1) (5949-29-1) |
化学的特性
Citric acid monohydrate occurs as colorless or translucent crystals or as a white crystalline, efflorescent powder. It is odorless and has a strong acidic taste. The crystal structure is orthorhombic. monohydrate crystals lose water of crystallization in dry air or when heated to about 40 to 50℃. Citric acid monohydrate softens at 75℃ and melts at approximately 100℃. It serves as a natural preservative and is commonly utilized to contribute an acidic or sour taste to foods and soft drinks.Citric acid monohydrate acts as a preservative and antioxidant. It is also used as an acidulant, flavoring agent and antistaling agent in fruit drinks, candy, cookies, biscuits, canned fruits, jams, and jellies. It differs from other forms of citric acid by having a moisture percentage ranging from 7.5-9.0.
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 1.6% (18 of 1100) of reports.WarningH315 (14.2%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P319, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 1100 reports by companies from 28 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hydrate (1:1)1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hydrate (1:1) is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, hydrate (1:1) are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Citric acid, monohydrate: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - 1,2,3-Propanetricarboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-, monohydrate: Environment tier I assessment |
| 火災危険 | Combustible. Finely dispersed particles form explosive mixtures in air. |
| 有害性の概要 | A mild eye irritantCauses cough in acute inhalation studies of guinea pigsCauses ataxia and respiratory depression in oral lethal-dose studies of mice[RTECS] Aerosol causes skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritation[ICSC] An irritantMay cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Citric acid. |
| EPA Safer Chemical | Chemical: Citric acid, monohydrate |
| Chemical Dangers | The solution in water is a weak acid. Attacks copper, zinc, aluminium and their alloys. |
| Physical Dangers | Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Skin Irrit. 2 (14.2%)Skin Irrit. 2 (100%)Eye irritation - category 2A |
| 消火 | Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide. |
| 応急処置措置 | Fresh air, rest.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. |
| 安全保管 | Separated from strong bases and oxidants. |
| 漏出処分 | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. |
| Eye Prevention | Wear safety spectacles. |
| Fire Prevention | NO open flames. Closed system, dust explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent deposition of dust. |
| Inhalation Risk | No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C. |
| Skin Prevention | Protective gloves. |
| Exposure Prevention | PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! |
| Ingestion Prevention | Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work. |
| Inhalation Prevention | Use local exhaust or breathing protection. |
| Effects of Short Term Exposure | The aerosol is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. |
| 暴露経路 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Cough. Sore throat.Redness.Redness. Pain.Burning sensation. |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 1 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | Yes |
| RTECS 番号 | AL3150000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 1090 3/PG 2 |
| 毒性 | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 3000 mg/kg |
| 税関コード | 29181400 |
| 危険文句（R） | 11-36-66-67-41-36/37/38-37/38 |
| 危険表示 | F,Xi |
| 安全措置（S） | 9-16-26-37/39-36/37/39-36 |
| 危険等級 | Eye Irrit. 2STOT SE 3 |
| 貯蔵分類 | 11 - Combustible Solids |
用途
用途
汎用試薬、調製液原料。
用途
製薬、製剤原料。
用途
汎用試薬、調製液原料、くえん酸塩製造原料。
使用
Citric Acid Monohydrate is a tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations due to its antioxidant properties. It maintains the stability of active ingredients and is used as a preservative. It is also used as an acidulant to control pH and acts as an anticoagulant by chelating calcium in the blood. Additionally, Citric Acid Monohydrate is used as an acidulating, food additive, and synergist in antioxidant mixtures.
一般的な説明
Citric acid monohydrate is an organic acid. Its molar enthalpy of solution in water has been reported to be ΔsolHm (298.15K, m = 0.0203molkg-1) = (29061 ± 123)Jmol-1
製法・合成法
製造方法
Currently, the industrial production process for citric acid monohydrate crystals involves several steps. First, the citric acid fermentation liquid is separated from the solid-liquid to obtain a citric acid clear liquid. Then, the clear liquid undergoes purification via the calcium salt method (hydrogen calcium method), acidolysis, and decolorization. This purified solution is then heated, concentrated, and crystallized to produce anhydrous citric acid. The mother liquor remaining from this process is then filtered by plate and frame and added to a crystallization cylinder to reach a supersaturated state through cooling and precipitating the crystal. Once the temperature reaches around 13 ℃, the mixture undergoes centrifugal separation, and the resulting wet crystal is then dried in a dryer. The separated mother liquor, after being filtered, decolorized, and concentrated, is added back to the crystallization cylinder to repeat the above steps a total of four to five times. Finally, the mother liquor is returned to the extraction workshop for re-purification via chromatographic separation.
純化方法
Crystallise it from hot H2O solution (w/w solubility is 54% at 10o, 71% at 50o and 84% at 100o. The monohydrate (softens at ~75o and melts at ~100o) dehydrates in air or when heated gently above 40o . The triethylester ( M 276.3, b 127o/1mm, 294o/atm, d 4 1.137, n D 1.4420.) is a bitter tasting oil. [Beilstein 3 H 556 and 568, 3 IV 1272.]