7440-13-3[Pa]XLROVYAPLOFLNU-UHFFFAOYSA-NProtactinium atom is an actinoid atom and a f-block element atom.
7440-13-3DTXSID50225387CHEBI:33386化学的特性shiny, malleable metal; readily tarnishes in air; α: tetr, a = 0.3929 nm, c = 0.3241 nm, stable from room temp up to 1170°C; β: bcc, a = 0.381 nm, stable from 1170°C–1575°C; first discovered in 1917; enthalpy of fusion 12.34 kJ/mol; can be produced by nuclear reaction 230Th + n → 231Th + γ 231Th → 231Pa, however, Pa is also found in natural sources; t1/2 231Pa is 3.25 × 10+4 years [KIR78] [MER06] [CRC10]
安全情報は参考情報です。供給元の安全データシート(SDS)、適用法令、専門家による評価に代わるものではありません。
Pa-231 decays to Actinium-227 by emitting an alpha particle. Actinium-227 and its decay products account for more than 80% of the inhalation hazard associated with exposure to Pa-231. [Argonne] Most Important Radionuclide: Pa-231 Source: Uranium ores; Half-Life: 33,000 years Specific Activity: 0.048 Ci/g Decay Mode: Alpha GI Absorption: 0.05% Lung Clearance Half-Time: Years for oxides and hydroxides; Weeks for all other compounds; Internal Toxicity: Very High Annual Limit on Intake: 0.000002 mCi Average Radiation Energy (MeV): Alpha 5.0; Beta 0.065; Gamma 0.048 [Argonne] [See Glossary for references.] See Radiation, ionizing.
Used in scientific research with no commercial uses; It is present in uranium ores at a concentration of 1 part proactinium per 3 million parts uranium. Of the 20 known isotopes, 3 are naturally occurring: Pa-231, Pa-234, and Pa-234m with half lives of 33,000 years, 6.7 hours, and 1.2 minutes, respectively. [Argonne]
解説Pa.原子番号91の元素,電子配置[Rn]5f 26d17s2の周期表3族アクチノイド元素.原子量231.03588(2).天然には 231Pa が存在する.質量数212~240の同位体核種が知られている.231Pa はアクチニウム系崩壊系列に属する(半減期3.276×104 y,α崩壊).ウラン系崩壊系列には 234Pa(UZ,半減期6.70 h,β- 崩壊)と 234mPa(UX2,半減期1.175 min,β- 崩壊,準安定状態)があり,いずれもウラン鉱物中に存在する.1913年にK. FajansとO.H. Göhringが 234Pa(UX2)を発見,寿命の短いところからラテン語の“短い”brevisをとってbreviumと名づけた.長寿命の 231Pa は1917年にO. Hahn(ハーン),L. Meitner(マイトナー),独立にFajans,さらにF. Soddy(ソディ)らによってピッチブレンド中に発見された.α崩壊によりアクチニウムになるので,その前という意味で,ギリシア語の“最初”πρωτοζ(protos)からプロトアクチニウム(protoactinium)と名づけられたが,1949年にIUPACにより現在のprotactiniumに短縮された.1937年にA. GrosseがPa2O5をヨウ化物PaI5にかえ,真空中で,電流を通じて高温にしたフィラメント上で熱分解してはじめて金属を得た.単体は銀灰色金属で,正方晶のα相と1167 ℃ 以上で体心立方格子のβ相の二相がある.密度15.37 g cm-3(25 ℃,計算値).融点1840 ℃.酸化数3,4,5.森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)
来歴In 1913 Fajans and Gohring identified the first isotope of this element, a metastable isotope having a mass 234, Pa-234m, a short-lived member of uranium-238 decay series. They named it brevium. In 1918, two independent groups, namely Hahn and Meitner and Soddy, Cranston, and Fleck simultaneously identified a longer-lived isotope Pa-231, a member of the uranium-235 decay series. The isotope Pa-234 in its ground state was discovered by Hahn and Meitner in 1921. The element derived its name from the Greek word protos, which means ‘first.’ Protactinium 231 occurs in the ore pitchblende at about 0.1ppm abundance. Certain ores of pitchblende have a higher abundance of this isotope, about 3ppm. Pa-231 also is found naturally in uranium and radium wastes. No commercial application of protactinium isotopes is known.
使用233Pa as intermediate in production of fissile 233U in thorium breeder reactors.
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