イッテルビウム
イッテルビウム · イッテリビウム · イットリビウム · イッテルビウム, 塊状, 99.9% [スピンドル油浸漬] · イッテルビウム chips (99.9% REO) · イッテルビウム foil (99.9% REO) · イッテルビウム powder (99.9% REO) · イッテルビウム ingot (99.9% REO)
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 32997-62-9 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | Yb |
| 平均分子量 | 173.05 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 173.9388621 g/mol |
| SMILES | [Yb] |
| InChIKey | NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 23992 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:33381 |
| EC No. | 231-173-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID4046993 |
| 現地名 | イッテルビウム |
化学・物理的性質
| 極性表面積 | 0 |
|---|---|
| 水素結合供与体数 | 0 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 0 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 0 |
| 重原子数 | 1 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 0 |
| 物質分類 | Metals -> Rare Earth Metals |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | electron density of states |
| Physical Description | Silvery, soft, malleable metal[Sax] |
| 融点 | 824 °C(lit.) |
| 沸点 | 1196 °C(lit.) |
| 密度 | 6.54 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| 貯蔵条件 | Flammables area |
| 溶解度 | soluble in dilute acid solutions水とゆっくりと反応し、希酸に溶けます。 |
| 外観・状態 | 粉 |
| 色 | シルバーグレー |
| 比重 | 6.97 |
| pH | 0.5 (20°C in H2O) |
| 比熱容量 | Cp(crystal): 0.15 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 0.12 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 13,10160 |
| InChI | 1S/Yb |
| InChIKey | NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [Yb] |
| Bulk Modulus | 30.5 GPa |
| Hardness, Vickers | 17 |
| Poissons Ratio | 0.207 |
| Shear Modulus | 9.90 GPa |
| CAS データベース | 7440-64-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Ytterbium (7440-64-4) |
化学的特性
metal chips
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 6% (3 of 50) of reports.DangerH228 (84%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]P210, P222, P231, P233, P235, P240, P241, P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P335+P334, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P407, P410, P413, P420, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 50 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies. |
|---|---|
| 有害性の概要 | Its acute toxic rating is low. [Reference #1] See RARE EARTH METALS and linked occupational diseases. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Flam. Sol. 1 (84%) |
| 有害作用 | Fibrogenic - Inducing tissue injury and fibrosis (scarring). |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 3 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | ZG1925000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 3089 4.1/PG 2 |
| 税関コード | 28053090 |
| 危険文句（R） | 36/37/38-20/21/22-11-36/38 |
| 危険表示 | Xn,F,Xi |
| 安全措置（S） | 36-33-16-26 |
| 危険等級 | 4.2 |
| 包装等級 | I |
用途
解説
イッテルビウム，原子番号70の元素．電子配置[Xe]4f 146s2の周期表3族ランタノイド元素．希土類元素イットリウム族の一つ．原子量173.04(3)．質量数168(0.13(1)％)，170(3.04(15)％)，171(14.28(57)％)，172(21.83(67)％)，173(16.13(27)％)，174(31.83(92)％)，176(12.76(41)％)の7種の安定同位体と，質量数148～181の放射性同位体が知られている．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
光学レンズ用添加剤としての利用のほか，非破壊検査用のγ線源に169Ybが使われている．
天然物の起源
Ytterbium is the 45th most abundant element, and it ranks 10th in abundance (2.7 ppm)among the 17 rare-earths found in the Earth’s crust.It is found in ores along with other rare-earths that were first found in the Ytterby quarryof Sweden. These ores are xenotime, euxenite, gadolinite, and monazite. Monazite river sand is the main source of ytterbium, which is found in India and Brazil and the beaches of Florida.Ytterbium is also found as a decay product of the fission reaction in nuclear reactors.
使用
Ytterbium is being applied to numerous fiber amplifier and fiber optic technologies and in various lasing applications. Ytterbium metal increases its electrical resistance when subjected to very high stresses. This property is used in stress gauges for monitoring ground deformations from earthquakes and nuclear explosions. Ytterbium can also be used as a dopant to help improve the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. Some Ytterbium alloys have rarely been used in dentistry. It is also used as in thermal barrier system bond coatings on nickel, iron and other transitional metal alloy substrates. Ytterbium Metal, is being applied in improving the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel and alloys. The 169Yb has been used as a radiation source in portable X-ray machines.169Yb is also used in nuclear medicine. Ytterbium can also be used as a dopant to help improve the grain refinement, strength, and other mechanical properties of stainless steel. Some ytterbium alloys have rarely been used in dentistry. Ytterbium Metal can be further processed to various shapes of ingots, pieces, wires, foils, slabs, rods, discs and powder.