硫酸カリウム

解説硫酸カリウム，無色の斜方晶系結晶．密度2.66 g cm－3．融点1069 ℃，沸点1689 ℃．水100 g に対する溶解度は7.35 g(0 ℃)，24.1 g(100 ℃)．エタノール，アセトン，二硫化炭素に不溶．カリウムミョウバン，ガラス工業の原料，カリ肥料，分析試薬，食品添加物，医薬品として用いられる．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

用途汎用試薬、試液調製原料。

用途汎用試薬、無機合成原料、調製液原料。

用途調製液原料、製剤原料。

用途高純度金属化合物。

用途医薬原料、分析試薬

説明Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is a kind of chemical compounds that is commonly used in agriculture. The dominant application of potassium sulfate is as a fertilizer, which is commonly applied to offer both potassium and sulfur, thus improving the quality and yield of crops growing in soils that lack an adequate supply of this essential elements. Besides, the crude potassium sulfate is sometimes employed in the production of glass. It also has applications in other industries, which is used as a flash reducer in artillery propellant charges and as an alternative blast media similar to soda in the process of soda blasting. potassium sulfate powder

天然物の起源Potassium and sodium sulfates and their double sulfates with calcium and magnesium occur naturally in various salt lakes. Potassium sulfate also occurs in certain volcanic lava. Its double salt with magnesium occurs in nature, as the mineral langbeinite.Potassium sulfate is used in fertilizers as a source of potassium and sulfur, both of which are essential elements for plant growth. Either in sim-ple form or as a double salt with magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate is one of the most widely consumed potassium salts in agricultural applications. It is preferred over potassium chloride for certain types of crops; such as, tobac-co, citrus, and other chloride-sensitive crops. Some other applications include making gypsum cements; to make potassium alum; in the analysis of Kjeldahl nitrogen; and in medicine.

来歴Potassium sulfate has been known since the early 14th century. It was studied by Glauber, Boyle, and Tachenius. In the 17th century, it was named arcanuni or sal duplicatum, as it was a combination of an acid salt with an alkaline salt. It was also known as vitriolic tartar and Glaser's salt or sal polychrestum Glaseri after the pharmaceutical chemist Christopher Glaser, who prepared and used it medicinally. From the early to mid-19th century, as understanding of plant nutritional requirements deepened and the fertilizer industry emerged, potassium sulphate began to be produced on a large scale as a vital potash fertiliser.

使用potassium sulfate is a reagent in cosmetics. Potassium sulfate is an inorganic salt with a primary function as a viscosity-increasing agent.

一般的な説明Potassium sulfate is an inorganic salt that can be prepared by reacting phosphogypsum and potassium chloride. It forms needlelike mullite particles on heating with aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). Its application to the soil has been reported to minimize the bronzing of rice plants. Its surface integration growth kinetics has been obtained in the temperature range of 20-50°C. The theoretical heat capacity curve of potassium sulfate in vapor phase has been obtained.

Potassium sulfate is produced by various methods, selection of process depending on availability and cost of raw materials.The salt may be obtained from its naturally occurring mineral, langbeinite,K2SO42MgSO4. The ore first is crushed and washed with water to separate sodium chloride. After that, magnetite is separated from the washed langbei-nite by magnetic separation. After the separation of these two major impuri-ties, the purified double salt is treated with an aqueous solution of potassium chloride to obtain potassium sulfate:K2SO42MgSO4 + 4KCl →3K2SO4+ 2MgCl2The solution is filtered to remove insoluble residues and the products are separated from their aqueous mixture by crystallization.Potassium sulfate also is produced from the mineral kieserite, MgSO4H2O by treatment with potassium chloride. The intermediate double salt obtained reacts further with potassium chloride to form potassium sulfate:MgSO4H2O + 2KCl + 4H2O →K2SO4MgSO46H2O + MgCl2K2SO4MgSO46H2O + 2KCl →2K2SO4+ MgCl2Potassium sulfate is separated from the more soluble magnesium chloride by crystallization.Also, potassium sulfate can be made by two other processes in which no naturally occurring mineral is employed. In the Mannheim process, the salt is produced by action of sulfuric acid on potassium chloride:2KCl + H2SO4→K2SO4+ 2HClIn Hargreaves process, which is a slight variation of the Mannheim method, potassium sulfate is made by heating a mixture of potassium chlo-ride, sulfur dioxide, air and water:4KCl + 2SO2+ 2H2O + o2→2K2SO4+ 4HCl.

純化方法Potassium sulfate [7778-80-5] M 174.3, m 1069o, d 4 2.67 It crystallised from distilled water (4mL/g at 20o; 8mL/g at 100o) between 100o and 0o.

定義本品は、硫酸(*)のカリウム塩であり、次の化学式で表される。参照表示名称：硫酸

定義Potassium sulfate is a potassium salt and an inorganic potassium salt. It is a white crystalline powder, K2SO4, soluble inwater and insoluble in ethanol;rhombic or hexagonal; r.d. 2.66; m.p.1069°C. It occurs naturally assch nite (Strassfurt deposits) and inlake brines, from which it is separatedby fractional crystallization. Ithas also been produced by the Hargreavesprocess, which involves theoxidation of potassium chloride withsulphuric acid. In the laboratory itmay be obtained by the reaction ofeither potassium hydroxide or potassiumcarbonate with sulphuric acid.Potassium sulphate is used in cements,in glass manufacture, as a food additive, and as a fertilizer(source of K+) for chloride-sensitiveplants, such as tobacco and citrus.