フッ化スズ(Ⅱ)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention .

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Fluorides in urine = 2 mg/L prior to shift or 3 mg/L at end of shift; (Repeated measurements recommended.)

1.0 [mg/m3], inhalable fraction, as F[German Research Foundation (DFG)]

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. All contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

Wherever possible, safer substitutes should be used in the place of alkyltin compounds. When it is necessary to make and use them ... /handling should be done in/ enclosed systems ... /equipped with/ exhaust ventilation. Engineering control should ensure that exposure limits are not exceeded. Personal protective equipment should be worn, & in appropriate circumstances respiratory protection should be used. Emergency showers should be installed ... to allow workers to wash immediately after splashes. /Organotin compounds/

SRP: The scientific literature supports the wearing of contact lenses in industrial environments, as part of a program to protect the eye against chemical compounds and minerals causing eye irritation. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases contact lenses should not be worn.

Eating, smoking, and food preparation or dispensing (including vending machines) shall be prohibited where organotin compounds are being used. /Organotin compounds/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for STANNOUS FLUORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.

Oral (L308) ; inhalation (L308) ; dermal (L308)

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness. Pain.

Abdominal pain. Burning sensation. Shock or collapse.

Inorganic or organic tin compounds placed on the skin or in the eyes can produce skin and eye irritation. (L308)

At concn present in commercial dentifrice formulations (about 1 mg fluoride per g), neither fluoride nor tin presents an appreciable toxic hazard on an acute or chronic basis.

A 5 MINUTE APPLICATION OF 8% STANNOUS FLUORIDE TO DEEP CAVITIES IN HUMAN TEETH COULD PRODUCE LOCAL NECROSIS AND MODERATE INFLAMMATION OF THE PULP ADJACENT TO THE CAVITY FLOOR. NO SUCH EFFECTS WERE OBTAINED AFTER A 30 SECOND APPLICATION.

STAINING OR PIGMENTATION ... OF TEETH RESULTING FROM TOPICAL APPLICATION OF CONCN SOLN OR GELS OF STANNOUS FLUORIDE HAS BEEN REPORTED ESPECIALLY IN PATIENTS WITH POOR ORAL HYGIENE. THE PIGMENTATION WHICH IS PROBABLY STANNOUS SULFIDE, IS GENERALLY ASSOCIATED WITH A CARIOUS LESION OR A HYPOCALCIFIED AREA OF THE ENAMEL, OR WITH PLAQUE. ...

Symptoms of acute fluoride overdosage include hypersalivation, a salty or soapy taste, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, burning or crampy abdominal pain, diarrhea, dehydration, thirst, localized or generalized urticaria, muscle weakness, tremors, and, rarely, transient epileptiform seizures. Shock may occur and is characterized by pallor, weak and thready pulse which may be irregular, wet cold skin, dilated pupils, cyanosis, shallow unlabored respiration, and weak heart sounds. Death may result from cardiac failure, respiratory arrest, or shock and usually occurs within 2-4 hr following ingestion; if a victim survives the first 24 hr, the prognosis is good. When death is delayed, paralysis of the muscles of deglutition, carpopedal spasm, and spasm of the extremities may occur. /Fluorides/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for STANNOUS FLUORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

ADMIN OF 20 PPM FLUORIDE AS STANNOUS FLUORIDE OR SODIUM FLUORIDE IN DRINKING WATER TO RATS CAUSED AMELOBLASTS OF INCISORS AFTER 6 MO. CHANGES WERE MORE LOCALIZED & LESS SEVERE FROM STANNOUS FLUORIDE THAN FROM SODIUM FLUORIDE.

DERMAL EFFECTS FROM SOLUBLE ... STANNOUS FLUORIDE AND TIN DICHLORIDE IN SKIN SCRATCHES IN UPPER EPIDERMIS IN RABBITS PRODUCED DESTRUCTIVE REACTION WITH INTRAEPIDERMAL POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE PUSTULES OCCURRING ON EACH SIDE OF SCRATCH WHEN SCRATCHES WERE COVERED FOR 18 HR. TIN FLUORIDE WAS DESTRUCTIVE AT LOWER CONCN (0.25%) THAN TIN DICHLORIDE (1.0%). ... SUGGESTED THAT THESE TIN SALTS MAY INTERFERE WITH ENZYMES OF BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF IMFLAMMATION.

SINGLE IP INJECTIONS OF 0.5 MMOL FLUORIDE/KG AND REPEATED IP INJECTIONS OF 0.25 MMOL FLUORIDE AS STANNOUS FLUORIDE CAUSE KIDNEY TUBULAR LESIONS DEMONSTRATED BY INCR URINE GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE. INCR DIURESIS & PHOSPHATURIA & DECR NATRIURIA & KALIURIA WERE ALSO OBSERVED IN MALE RATS.

... A SIGNIFICANT ENHANCEMENT IN THE FREQUENCY OF SEX-LINKED RECESSIVE LETHALS /OCCURRED IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER/ AFTER TREATMENT WITH ... 25% STANNOUS FLUORIDE.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for STANNOUS FLUORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The IARC Working Group concluded that fluorides (inorganic, used in drinking-water) (Group 3) are not classifiable as to their carcinogenicity to humans. /Stannous fluoride was reviewed by the IARC Working Group. Data for it are published in the IARC Monograph on Inorganic Fluorides, Volume 27. No evaluation of the carcinogenicity for stannous fluoride is given./

A4; Not classifiable as a human carcinogen. /Fluorides, as F/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W. Use lactated Ringer's to support vital signs if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluids cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

Used in toothpastes and other dental preparations for preventing demineralization and caries of teeth; [HSDB]

Dental caries prophylactic

Principal commercial use is in toothpaste formulations and other dental preparations, e.g., topical solutions, mouthwash, chewing gum, etc. for preventing demineralization of teeth.

Tin(II) fluoride is a common ingredient in toothpaste, where it converts apatite into fluorapatite, which is more resistant to attack by acids generated by bacteria. (L320)

... 0.2% insoluble substances and 50 mg/kg of antimony /in USP grade/.

Grades of purity: 97.5%

... by evaporating a soln of stannous oxide in hydrofluoric acid in absence of oxygen: Gay-Lussac, Thenard, Mem Phys Chem 2, 317 (1809); Nebergall et al, J Am Chem Soc 74, 1604 (1952); from tin and hydrogen fluoride: Muetterties, Inorg Chem 1, 342 (1962).

Commercially produced by the reaction of stannous oxide and aqueous HF or by dissolving tin in anhydrous or aqueous HF.

Grade: NF (National Formulary)

STANNOUS FLUORIDE IS AVAILABLE ... AS A USP GRADE CONTAINING A MIN OF 71.2% STANNOUS TIN AND 22.3-25.5% FLUORIDE ON AN ANHYDROUS BASIS, AND A MAX OF 0.5% WEIGHT LOSS ON DRYING, 0.2% INSOLUBLE SUBSTANCES AND 50 MG/KG ANTIMONY.

Stannous fluoride for oral topical use comes in the following 0.4% (0.1% fluoride ion) gels: EASYgel (with glycerin), Du-More; Gel-Kam (with glycerin), Scherer; Gel-Tin (with glycerin), Young Dental; Omnii-Gel (with glycerin), Dunhall; Stop Home Treatment 0.4% (with glycerin). A 30% (7.2% fluoride ion) solution is available as Oral-B rinsing solution, concentrate.

-4 mesh, 99.9% purity grades.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for STANNOUS FLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

All Other Chemical Product and Preparation Manufacturing

Tin fluoride (SnF2): ACTIVE

Stannous fluoride is provisionally allowed for use in oral hygiene products in the European Communities, provided that, when mixed with other permitted fluorine cmpd, the total fluoride concn does not exceed 0.15%.

STANNOUS FLUORIDE WAS THE ANTICARIES AGENT IN THE FIRST FLUORIDE TOOTHPASTE MARKETED IN THE USA IN THE 1950'S ... .