バソトシン

解説バソプレッシン略称VP．下垂体後葉ホルモンの一つ．一般にウシまたはブタの凍結下垂体後葉から抽出して精製する．ウシや多くのほ乳類からのものはアルギニン-バソプレッシンといわれ，9個のアミノ酸からなるペプチドである．C46H65N15O12S2(1084.27)．"ブタからのものはアルギニンのかわりにリシンを含む．C47H65N13O12(1004.11)．バソプレッシンは抗利尿ホルモン(antidiuretic hormone， ADHと略称)ともいうように，作用の本質は尿細管の透過性を調節して尿量を調節することにある．ほかに末梢血管収縮作用，平滑筋収縮作用などが知られている．尿崩症の治療，手術時のショック症状の改善に用いられる．

説明Vasopressin, also called antidiuretic hormone (A D H) or arginine vasopressin (AVP), is another hormone key to water homeostasis and blood pressure regulation. A rginine vasopressin is produced in the neurones of the hypothalamus and stored in vesicles within the posterior pituitary. Vasopressin is released in response to increased blood osmolality detected by hypothalamic osmoreceptors; systemic hypotension or hypovolaemia detected by cardiopulmonary baroreceptors of the great veins and atria; or angiotensin I I acting on the hypothalamus.

使用Vasopressin is a peptide hormone secreted by the hypothalamus via the posterior pituitary. Its primary role is the regulation of body fluid balance. It is secreted in response to hypotension and promotes retention of water by action on specific cAMP-coupled V2 receptors. It causes vasoconstriction by stimulating V1 receptors in VSM and is particularly potent in hypotensive patients. It is increasingly used in the treatment of refractory vasodilatory shock which is resistant to catecholamines. The vasopressin analogue desmopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus and in the management of von Willebrand's disease. Terlipressin (another analogue) is used to limit bleeding from oesophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. When used for the management of low SVR states, vasopressin is administered as an i.v. infusion at a rate of 0.01–0.1 units min–1.