ジルコニウム(IV)テトラクロリド

化学的特性Zirconium tetrachloride forms lustrous, white, monoclinic crystals that melt at 437 ℃. It is a corrosive powder. It is hygroscopic, and thus soluble in cold water, alcohol, ether, and concentrated hydrochloric acid. It reacts vigorously with water forming hydrogen chloride (irritating vapor) and zirconium oxychloride. When moist, zirconium tetrachloride reacts with common materials to form hydrochloric acid that is corrosive to many metals. Through hydrolysis to HCl, zirconium tetrachloride can irritate the respiratory tract and other superficial surfaces of the body on exposure. Zirconium tetrachloride readily forms coordinate bonds with oxygen and nitrogen in organic molecules.

解説塩化ジルコニウム(Ⅳ)ZrCl4(233.04)．酸化ジルコニウム(Ⅳ)と四塩化炭素の蒸気とを反応させるか，金属ジルコニウムに乾燥塩化水素を作用させると得られる．無色の等軸晶系結晶．密度2.80 g cm－3．加熱により融解せずに331 ℃ で昇華する．吸湿性で湿った空気中では塩化水素を発生する．冷水に可溶．熱水では分解して二塩化酸化ジルコニウムZrCl2Oとなる．純粋なジルコニウムの製造，織物の防水加工，顔料，触媒の製造原料，分析試薬などに用いられる．

用途触媒原料、顔料 (化学工業日報社)

使用Zirconium tetrachloride is commonly utilized as a Lewis acid catalyst in many organic synthesis reactions. It is an important source for organometallic complexes of zirconium. It is practiced in many areas like nuclear industry, metal industry, photography, glass, and ceramic industry.

一般的な説明White lustrous crystalline solid. Used as a source of pure zirconium, as a tanning agent, in analytical chemistry and in treating textiles. Zirconium tetrachloride is decomposed by water. Corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture and to tissue.

製造方法Zirconium tetrachloride is obtained as an intermediate in recovering zirconium metal from zircon and other minerals (See Zirconium, Recovery). The tetrachloride is obtained by heating a mixture of zirconium hydroxide and car 1004 bon with chlorine gasAlso, tetrachloride can be made by reacting zirconium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid: Zr(OH)4 + 4HCl → ZrCl4 + 4H2O.

純化方法Crystallise it repeatedly from conc HCl. It is hydrolysed by H2O to form white ZrOCl2 (see below) and HCl. [Krebs Z Anorg Allgem Chem 378 263 1970.]