化工社化工社 化学情報印刷レポート · 研究参考用
酪酸
酪酸 · ノルマル酪酸 · 3-メチルプロピオン酸 · ブタン酸 · 3-メチルプロパン酸 · n-酪酸 · ブチリックアシド · N‐酪酸
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 107-92-6 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C4H8O2 |
| 平均分子量 | 88.11 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 88.0524295 g/mol |
| SMILES | CCCC(=O)O |
| InChIKey | FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 264 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL14227 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:30772 |
| EC No. | 203-532-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID8021515 |
| 現地名 | 酪酸 |
化学・物理的性質
| XLogP | 0.8 |
|---|---|
| 極性表面積 | 37.3 |
| 水素結合供与体数 | 1 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 2 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 2 |
| 重原子数 | 6 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 49.5 |
| 物質分類 | Other Classes -> Organic AcidsCorrosives |
| 脂質 | Fatty Acyls [FA] -> Fatty Acids and Conjugates [FA01] -> Straight chain fatty acids [FA0101] |
| SpringerMaterials Properties | Boiling point |
| 香料 | Fragrance Ingredient (Butyric acid) -> IFRA transparency List |
| LogP（分配係数） | log Kow= 0.79 |
| 臭い | Unpleasant, rancid odorPenetrating and obnoxious odorジプロピレングリコール中1.00%。シャープなアセティックチーズバターフルーツ |
| 味 | Butter-fat taste |
| 食品添加物 | ANTIOXIDANT, FLAVORING AGENT OR ADJUVANT, PH CONTROL AGENT -> FDA Substance added to food |
| 密度 | 0.958 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.959 at 20 °C/4 °CRelative density (water = 1): 0.960.952-0.9560.959 @25 °C0.964 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| 香味料 | EU Flavoring substances |
| Viscosity | 1.426 mPa-s at 25 °C |
| Color/Form | Oily liquidColorless liquid |
| 融点 | -6--3 °C (lit.) |
| 沸点 | 162 °C (lit.) |
| 蒸気密度 | 3.04 (vs air) |
| 蒸気圧 | 0.43 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| 屈折率 | n20/D 1.398(lit.) |
| FEMA | 2221 | BUTYRIC ACID |
| 引火点 | 170 °F |
| 貯蔵条件 | Store below +30°C. |
| 溶解度 | Chloroform (Soluble), Isopropanol (Sparingly), Methanol (Slightly)Miscible with water, Propylene glycol, Glycerin, alcohol and oils.混和性 |
| pKa（酸解離定数） | 4.83(at 25℃) |
| 外観・状態 | 液体 |
| 色 | 無色透明 |
| 比重 | 0.960 (20/4℃) |
| pH | 3.94(1 mM solution)3.42(10 mM solution)2.92(100 mM solution) |
| 爆発限界 | 2-12.3%(V) |
| においのタイプ | 俗っぽいです |
| 臭気閾値 | 0.00019ppm |
| 由来生物 | synthetic |
| 比熱容量 | Cp(liquid): 2.03 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,1593 |
| JECFA Number | 87 |
| BRN | 906770 |
| ヘンリー定数 | 4.3×101 mol/(m3Pa) at 25℃, Kim and Kim (2016) |
| 誘電率 | 3.0(Ambient) |
| 安定性 | 可燃性。強力な酸化剤、アルミニウム、およびその他のほとんどの一般的な金属、塩基、還元剤とは相容れません。 |
| 主な用途 | フレーバーそして香料 |
| 化粧品成分の機能 | 香料 |
| InChI | 1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6) |
| InChIKey | FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | CCCC(O)=O |
| LogP（分配係数） | 1.1 at 25℃ |
| 表面張力 | 26.71mN/m at 293.15K |
| CAS データベース | 107-92-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NISTの化学物質情報 | Butanoic acid(107-92-6) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Butyric acid (107-92-6) |
化学的特性
酪酸ろうさんまたは酪酸とは化学式C4H8O2で表される短鎖脂肪酸の一種ですその名前はラテン語の「butter」を意味する「butyrum」から来ておりこの酸はバターの特徴的な臭いの原因となっています酪酸は無色で刺激的な臭いと酸っぱい味を持つ液体です
化学的特性
Butyric acid, C3H7COOH, a colorless liquid with an obnoxious odor, occurring in spoiled butter.It miscible with water, alcohol, and ether.It is used in the synthesis of butyrate ester perfume and flavor ingredients and in disinfectants and pharmaceuticals,
化学性质
酸性、揮発性
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | DangerH314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]P260, P264, P280, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H302 (15.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P260, P264, P264+P265, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: Butanoic acidButanoic acid is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Butanoic acid are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 27-07-2021 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/13507Butyric acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Butanoic acid: Environment tier I assessment |
| 輸送ラベル（DOT） | Corrosive |
| 火災危険 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:· Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily.Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Above 72 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed. |
| 火災の可能性 | ... Combustible liquid |
| 健康有害性 | Inhalation causes irritation of mucous membrane and respiratory tractmay cause nausea and vomiting. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach. Contact with eyes may cause serious injury. Contact with skin may cause burnschemical is readily absorbed through the skin and may cause damage by this route. (USCG, 1999)· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. |
| 有害性の概要 | Corrosive to skin[Quick CPC] A corrosive substance that can cause injury to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract[ICSC] |
| 輸送番号・ガイド（DOT） | 2820 153 |
| FDA 要件 | Synthetic flavoring substances and adjuvants /for human consumption/ that are generally recognized as safe for their intended use, withn the meaning of section 409 of the Act. Butyric acid is included on this list.N-Butyric acid used as a synthetic flavoring substance or adjuvant in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice. |
| 反応性グループ | Acids, Carboxylic |
| EC 分類 | Symbol: CR: 34S: (1/2)-26-36-45 |
| UN 分類 | UN Hazard Class: 8UN Pack Group: III |
| 消火 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]:Use water spray, powder, alcohol-resistant foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
| 応急処置措置 | Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer for medical attention . |
| 漏出応急措置 | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
| 応急処置 | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid: |
| 安全保管 | Separated from strong oxidants, strong bases and food and feedstuffs. |
| 暴露管理・個人防護 | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). |
| 消火手順 | Use water spray, dry chemical, "alcohol resistant" foam, or CO2. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool. On large fires, solid streams of water may not be effective.If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. ... Apply water from as far a distance as possible. |
| 保管条件 | Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location, away from any area where fire hazard may be acute.Outside or detached storage is preferred. Separate from oxidizing materials, heat, oxidizers, and sunlight. |
| 清掃方法 | Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain liquid or solid material /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate.Water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (slaked lime), crushed limestone, or sodium bicarbonate. If dissolved, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount in region of 10 ppm or greater concn. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.Eliminate all ignition sources ... Protect personnel, and dilute spill to form nonflammable mixtures. Control runoff and isolate discharged material for proper disposal ... |
| 非火災時の漏出対応 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: |
| 処分方法 | SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for butyric acid: Concentration process: Biological treatment.The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for butyric acid: Concentration process: Activated carbon.The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for butyric acid: Concentration process: Resin adsorption. |
| 漏出処分 | Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Cautiously neutralize remainder with soda lime. Then wash away with plenty of water. |
| Treatment | If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally. |
| 相互作用 | n-Butyrate was previously found to increase the epidermal growth factor receptor binding in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. /It was shown/ that butyrate and dexamethasone synergistically modulate the surface expression of epidermal growth factor receptors. The butyrate-induced enhancement of high-affinity epidermal growth factor binding was only slight in the absence of glucocorticoid, but was strongly and dose-dependently amplified by dexamethasone. Butyrate counteracted the inhibition by insulin of the dexamethasone-induced increase in epidermal growth factor binding. The results indicate that the glucocorticoid has a permissive effect on a butyrate- sensitive process that determines the surface expression of the high-affinity class of epidermal growth factor receptors.Butyrate inhibited differentiation of F9 mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells in the presence of retinoic acid, when added within 8 hr of retinoic acid addition. |
| 健康影響 | Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Certain reproductive effects in fertility, growth, and development for males and females have been linked specifically to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Most of the research on reproductive effects has been conducted on farmers working with pesticides and insecticdes in rural areas. In females menstrual cycle disturbances, longer pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and some developmental effects in offspring have been linked to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Prenatal exposure has been linked to impaired fetal growth and development. Neurotoxic effects have also been linked to poisoning with OP pesticides causing four neurotoxic effects in humans: cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome, organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), and chronic organophosphate-induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND). These syndromes result after acute and chronic exposure to OP pesticides. |
| 生態毒性値 | LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) 2750 mg/L/24 hrstatic /formulated product/LC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea) 61 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/LC50 Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) 200 mg/L/24 hrLC50 Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill sunfish) 5000 mg/L/24 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/ /Sodium salt/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for n-BUTYRIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| 環境中動態 | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 64(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.79(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), and experimental values of 19.1, 27.6, and 14.7 in mud, muddy sand, and sand(4), indicate that n-butanoic acid is expected to have very high to high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of n-butanoic acid is 4.82(5), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(6). Volatilization of butyric acid from moist soil surfaces is expected to be slow(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 5.35X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(7). n-Butanoic acid is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.65 mm Hg(8). N-butanoic acid may be susceptible to biodegradation in terrestrial environments based on the observed degradation of 72% after 5 hours when incubated with activated sludge(9,10).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), experimental Koc values of 19.1, 27.6, and 14.7 on a clastic mud (3.5% organic carbon), a lateritic muddy sand (1.3% organic carbon), and a fine carbonate sand (0.17% organic carbon), respectively(2), indicate that n-butanoic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). The pKa of n-butanoic acid is 4.82(5), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(6). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be slow(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 5.35X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 64 and 471 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 3.2(SRC), from a log Kow of 0.79(8) and a regression-derived equation(9), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). n-Butanoic acid may be susceptible to biodegradation in aquatic environments based on the observed degradation of 72% after 5 hours when incubated with activated sludge(10,11).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), n-butanoic acid, which has a vapor pressure of 1.65 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyric acid is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.40X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). n-Butanoic acid does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4). |
| 食品調査値 | n-Butanoic acid was qualitatively detected in the lipid volatile fraction of raw beef(1). Strawberry jam contained butyric acid at a concentration of 620.5 mg/kg(2). n-Butanoic acid was qualitatively identified as a flavor compound in pine sprout tea made with fresh pine sprouts for Korean red pine trees collected in May-June 1995(3). n-Butanoic acid was identified as a volatile component of baked potatoes(4). It has also been detected as a volatile flavor component in the fruit of the deciduous palm Dalieb at a concentration of 58 mg/kg pulp(5).n-Butanoic acid was detected at a mean concentration of 243 ng/g in salt-fermented anchovy volatiles obtained from a fish market in Masan, Korea(1).n-Butanoic acid was detected at concentrations of 0.08 and 109 ug/g (wet weight) in rotten mussels and fresh mussels, respectively, that were collected off the Oarai coast in Ibaraki, Japan in 1985(1). |
| 有害作用 | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns. |
| 暴露経路 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour. |
| 毒性の概要 | Butyric acid is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. A cholinesterase inhibitor (or 'anticholinesterase') suppresses the action of acetylcholinesterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholinesterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses, followed by muscle spasms and ultimately death. Nerve gases and many substances used in insecticides have been shown to act by binding a serine in the active site of acetylcholine esterase, inhibiting the enzyme completely. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop. Among the most common acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are phosphorus-based compounds, which are designed to bind to the active site of the enzyme. The structural requirements are a phosphorus atom bearing two lipophilic groups, a leaving group (such as a halide or thiocyanate), and a terminal oxygen. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Sore throat. Cough. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing. Symptoms may be delayed.Pain. Redness. Blisters. Skin burns.Pain. Redness. Severe deep burns. Loss of vision.Burning sensation. Abdominal pain. Shock or collapse.Symptoms of low dose exposure include excessive salivation and eye-watering. Acute dose symptoms include severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Hypertension, hypoglycemia, anxiety, headache, tremor and ataxia may also result. |
| Effluent Concentrations | n-Butanoic acid was detected at a concentration range of 0.262 to 0.97 ppbv in gasoline engine exhaust samples from five different automobiles and was also found at a concentration of 0.42 ppbv in a diesel engine exhaust sample(1). Mean emission factors of butyric acid in smoldering smoke from litter and duff and from the self-sustained smoldering smoke from bark, litter, and duff (collected from ponderosa pine in northwestern Montana) fires were 0.08, 0.035, 0.14, 0.08, and 0.039 g/kg dry mass of fuel consumed, respectively(4). No n-butanoic acid was detected in the smoldering smoke from wood, needles, bark, and humus fires(2). n-Butanoic acid was qualitatively detected in kitchen waste exudate from household waste collected in Denmark(3).n-Butanoic acid was detected in 1 of 7 aqueous effluent samples from energy-related processes at a concentration of 90 ppb(1). It was detected both in the primary and secondary effluent of sewage treatment plants at concentrations ranging from 17-1,540 ug/L, although the concentration was always lower in the secondary effluent(2). n-Butanoic acid was measured in the automobile exhaust at a concentration of 0.123 ppb(3). The effluent from a landfill in Norman, OK, 1972, contained n-butanoic acid at an estimated concentration of 1.5 ug/L(4,5). It was detected in solid waste leachates in the Netherlands, UK, Canada, France, and Spain representing from 0.34% to 8.5% of the volatile fatty acid fraction(6). It was also identified in the leachate from low-level radioactive waste disposal sites in KY and NY(7). n-Butanoic acid was detected in the leachate from a 1 year old simulated solid waste landfill at a concentration of 48.8 g/L, representing 65% of the acid fraction(8) and it has been detected in the leachate from a Barcelona, Spain, sanitary landfill(9). Australian oil shale retort water contained n-butanoic acid at a concentration of 174 mg/L(10). |
| ICSC Environmental Data | The substance is harmful to aquatic organisms. |
| 大気基準 | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Butyric acid is produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart. |
| CERCLA 報告数量 | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b). |
| 清浄水法要件 | Butyric acid is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. |
| F | 13 |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 1 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | ES5425000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 2820 |
| 毒性 | LD50 orally in rats: 8.79 g/kg (Smyth) |
| 税関コード | 2915 60 19 |
| 危険文句（R） | 34 |
| 化審法 | (2)-608 |
| 消防法 | 危険物第4類第三石油類(水溶性) |
| 危険表示 | C,Xi |
| hazard_note | Irritant |
| 安全措置（S） | 26-36-45 |
| 危険等級 | 8Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Skin Corr. 1BSTOT SE 3 |
| 包装等級 | III |
| 自然発火温度 | 824 °F |
| 貯蔵分類 | 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials |
| 有害物質データ | 107-92-6(Hazardous Substances Data) |
用途
解説
ラクサン，正酪酸，ブタン酸ともいう．異性体にはイソ酪酸(CH3)2CHCOOHがある．グリセリドとして，動物の乳脂中に含まれているほか，糖や乳酸の酪酸発酵過程で生成する．ブチルアルコールを過マンガン酸カリウムで酸化すると得られる．油状の液体．融点－7.9 ℃，沸点163.5 ℃．0.959．1.3991．pKa 4.82(25 ℃)．水，エタノール，エーテルに可溶．不快な腐敗臭をもち，わずかではあるが毒性，刺激性がある．合成香料やワニスの製造原料となる．
用途
大気中等酪酸のGC分析用標準液。
用途
着香料、有機合成原料。
用途
着香料、医薬品原料
用途
香料、フレーバー用ブチルエステル合成原料
説明
Butyric acid is a carboxylic acid also classified as a fatty acid. It exists in two isomeric forms as shown previously, but this entry focuses on n-butyric acid or butanoic acid. It is a colorless, viscous, rancid-smelling liquid that is present as esters in animal fats and plant oils. Butyric acid exists as a glyceride in butter, with a concentration of about 4%; dairy and egg products are a primary source of butyric acid. When butter or other food products go rancid, free butyric acid is liberated by hydrolysis, producing the rancid smell. It also occurs in animal fat and plant oils.
天然物の起源
Normally occurs in butter as a glyceride. It has been reported found in the essential oils of citronella Ceylon, Eucalyptus globules, Araucaria cunninghamii, Lippia scaberrima, Monarda fistulosa, cajeput, Heracleum giganteum, lavender, Hedeoma pulegioides, valerian, nutmeg, hops, Pastinaca sativa, Spanish anise and others. It has been identified in strawberry aroma, apricot, American cranberry, sour cherry, black currants, butter, milk, strawberry jam, cheeses (blue, cheddar, feta, Swiss, Camembert and romano), raspberry, papaya, coffee mutton, beer, rum, bourbon whiskey and cider.
来歴
Butyric acid gets its name from the Latin butyrum, or butter. It was discovered by Adolf Lieben (1836–1914) and Antonio Rossi in 1869. Butyric acid is one of the simplest fatty acids.
使用
Butyric Acid is a fatty acid that is commonly obtained from butter fat. it has an objectionable odor which limits its uses as a food acid- ulant or antimycotic. it is an important chemical reactant in the manufacture of synthetic flavoring, shortening, and other edible food additives. in butter fat, the liberation of butyric acid which occurs during hydrolytic rancidity makes the butter fat unusable. it is used in soy milk-type drinks and candies.
一般的な説明
A colorless liquid with a penetrating and unpleasant odor. Flash point 170°F. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Density 8.0 lb /gal.
使用用途
酪酸は、ワニスの製造原料として利用されています。その他にも、4-ヘプタノンのような有機合成原料や乳化剤として使用可能です。さらに、酪酸はあらゆるバイオ燃料のとしても使用できる他、酪酸がエステル化することで、合成香料の製造に使われるといった用途があります。 着香剤などの食品添加物に使用されるなど、食品加工や調味料の製造にも利用されています。また、酪酸には栄養価を高めたり、感染症や病気を予防したりする効果があるため、動物飼料に利用可能です。がんや過敏性腸症候群向けの医薬品製造にも、酪酸が使用されています。
製法・合成法
調製方法
Butyric acid is produced by oxidation of butyraldehyde (CH3(CH2)2CHO) or butanol (C4H9OH). It can also be formed biologically by the oxidation of sugar and starches using bacteria.
製造方法
Obtained by fermentation of starches and molasses with selective enzymes (Granulo saccharobutyricum); it is subsequently isolated as the calcium salt.
合成方法
ブタノール発酵の副産物として得る
純化方法
Distil the acid, them mix it with KMnO4 (20g/L), and fractionally redistil, discarding the first third of the distillate [Vogel J Chem Soc 1814 1948]. [Beilstein 2 IV 779.]