18-クラウン 6-エーテル

用途クラウンエーテル類は相間移動触媒として有用である。18-クラウン-6存在下、過マンガン酸カリウムはベンゼンに溶解する。しかし、この目的には第四級アンモニウム/ホスホニウム塩の利用の方が優れている。

用途有機合成触媒、金属の濃縮、分離、回収。

使用18-Crown-6 is used as an efficient phase transfer catalyst and as a complexing agent with a variety of small cation. It is involved in the synthesis of diaryl ethers, diaryl thioethers, and diarylamines mediated by potassium fluoride-alumina and 18-crown-6. It facilitates the solubility of potassium permanganate in benzene, which is used for oxidizing the organic compounds. It is used to accelerate various substitution reactions as well as enhances the power of nucleophiles such as potassium acetate. It is utilized in the alkylation reactions in the presence of potassium carbonate, N-alkylation of glutarimide and succinimide with dimethylcarbonate. The complex formed by its reaction with potassium cyanide acts as a catalyst in the cyanosilylation of aldehydes, ketones and quinines with trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN).

一般的な説明18-Crown-6 is the simplest crown ether that can be prepared by reacting triethylene glycol with triethylene glycol dichloride in the presence of potassium hydroxide as a base. 18-Crown-6 can solubilize metal salts, particularly potassium salts, in nonpolar and dipolar aprotic solvents. Thus, it is widely used as a phase transfer catalyst. It can also be used as a metal complexing agent to prepare a variety of molecular complexes.

純化方法Recrystallise it from acetonitrile and dry it in a vacuum. Purify it also by precipitating the 18-crown-6/nitromethane 1:2 complex with Et2O/nitromethane (10:1 mixture). The complex is decomposed in vacuum whereby 18-crown-6 distils off under the reduced pressure. [Beilstein 19/12 V 601.]