Mercuric oxide

HCID 30856CAS 21908-53-2

基本情報

標準SMILES
[O]=[Hg]
InChIKey
UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
分子式
HgO
平均分子量
216.59 g/mol
単同位体質量
217.965558

名称と識別子

優先名称
Mercuric oxide
IUPAC
oxomercury

名称と別名

MERCURIC OXIDEMercury(II) oxide21908-53-2oxomercuryMercuric oxide, redSantarRed PrecipitateRed mercuric oxideMercury oxide (HgO)Mercuric oxide, yellowSantar MYellow precipitate
名称をさらに表示
Mercuric oxide redNatural montroyditeMercury(2+) oxideRed oxide of mercuryGelbes quecksilberoxydHydrargyrum oxid flavYellow mercuric oxideMercuric oxide (red)

データベース識別子

CAS
21908-53-2
PubChem CID
30856
DTXSID
DTXSID4042125
EC Number
244-654-7
Nikkaji
J43.909F

物性

構造計算による物性

極性表面積
17.1 Ų
水素結合供与体数
0
水素結合受容体数
1
回転可能結合数
0
重原子数
2

実験および物理化学的性質

OdorOdorless
Density · 4 件

11.1 at 39 °F (EPA, 1998) - Denser than water; will sink

11.00-11.29 (Red); 11.03 @ 27.5 °C (Yellow)

11.1 g/cm³

11.14 @25 °C

Color/Form · 3 件

Yellow mercuric oxide: yellow or orange-yellow, heavy, powder, orthorhombic structure

Heavy, bright orange powder

Red mercuric oxide: bright red or orange-red, heavy, crystalline powder or scales; orthorhombic structure; yellow when finely powdered

Solubility · 6 件

0.0053 G/100 CC WATER @ 25 °C

0.0395 G/100 CC WATER @ 100 °C

INSOL IN ALCOHOL, ETHER, ACETONE, ALKALI, AMMONIA

Red mercuric oxide: sol in dilute hydrochloric or nitric acid; sol in soln of alkali cyanides or iodides; slowly sol in soln of alkali bromides

For more Solubility (Complete) data for MERCURIC OXIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Solubility in water, mg/l at 20 °C: 50 (very poor)

Decomposition · 2 件

WHEN HEATED TO DECOMPOSITION IT EMITS HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF MERCURY

500 °C

Melting Point · 2 件

Decomposes at 932 °F (EPA, 1998)

500 °C (decomp)

安全と法規制

GHS分類

GHS Classification · 6 件

Danger

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral];H310 (98.7%): Fatal in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, dermal];H330 (100%): Fatal if inhaled [Danger Acute toxicity, inhalation];H373 (100%): May causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure];H400 (98.7%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard];H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P316, P319, P320, P321, P330, P361+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 78 reports by companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.;Information may vary between notifications depending on impurities, additives, and other factors. The percentage value in parenthesis indicates the notified classification ratio from companies that provide hazard codes. Only hazard codes with percentage values above 10% are shown. For more detailed information, please visit ECHA C&L website.

危険有害性情報

Regulatory Information · 4 件

Chemical: Mercury oxide (HgO)

12C - indicates a substance that is prohibited to be exported from the Unites States under TSCA section 12(c).

Mercury (II) oxide: HSNO Approval: HSR004550 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Other Safety InformationIMAP assessments - Mercury oxide (HgO): Environment tier I assessment;IMAP assessments - Mercury oxide (HgO): Human health tier I assessment
DOT LabelPoison
Fire Hazards · 2 件

When heated to decomposition (932F) it decomposes into mercury and oxygen. Fumes from fire may contain poisonous mercury vapor; oxygen may increase intensity of fire. Explosion of mercuric oxide may occur with friction or application of heat. Avoid reducing agents. Avoid light; may decompose into mercury and oxygen. Hazardous polymerization may not occur. (EPA, 1998)

Not combustible but enhances combustion of other substances. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

Fire Potential · 2 件

Flammable by chemical reaction. A powerful oxidizer.

BEHAVIOR IN FIRE: DECOMP @ 500 °C INTO MERCURY & OXYGEN, WHICH CAN INCREASE INTENSITY OF FIRE; NOT FLAMMABLE

Health Hazards · 1 件

This material is highly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, or skin absorption. Very short exposure to small quantities may cause death or permanent injury. Following ingestion, mercuric oxide is readily converted to mercuric chloride, the most dangerous mercury compound. Mercuric oxide dust has a corrosive effect on eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. People with a history of allergies or known sensitization to mercury, chronic respiratory disease, nervous system disorders, or kidney disorders are at increased risk from exposure. (EPA, 1998)

安全と保護具

Fire Fighting · 2 件

Wear full body protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus.;For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

First Aid Measures · 4 件

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Rinse mouth. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

First Aid · 1 件

Signs and Symptoms of Acute Mercuric Oxide Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to mercuric oxide may be severe and include increased salivation, foul breath, inflammation and ulceration of the mucous membranes, abdominal pain, and bloody diarrhea. Oliguria (scanty urination), anuria (suppression of urine formation), and acute renal failure may be noted. Weak pulse, seizures, psychic disturbances, circulatory collapse, chest pain, and dyspnea (shortness of breath) may be observed. Dermal exposure may result in dermatitis (red, inflamed skin).;Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to mercuric oxide may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.;Inhalation Exposure:;1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to mercuric oxide.;2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.;3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.;4. RUSH to a health care facility.;Dermal/Eye Exposure:;1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to mercuric oxide.;2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.;3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible.;4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.;5. Wash exposed skin areas for 15 minutes with soap and water.;6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.;7. RUSH to a health care facility.;Ingestion Exposure:;1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.;2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.;3. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.;4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert. Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.

Safe Storage · 1 件

Separated from food and feedstuffs, reducing agents, chlorine and reactive substances. See Chemical Dangers. Keep in the dark. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Well closed.

Exposure Control and Personal Protection0.02 [mg/m3], as Hg, inhalable fraction[German Research Foundation (DFG)]
Fire Fighting ProceduresIf material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.

毒性情報

TreatmentMercury poisoning is treated by immediate decontamination and chelation therapy using DMSA, DMPS, DPCN, or dimercaprol. (A7)
Health Effects · 1 件

Mercury mainly affects the nervous system. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic, or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys, and developing fetus. Effects on brain functioning may result in irritability, shyness, tremors, changes in vision or hearing, and memory problems. Acrodynia, a type of mercury poisoning in children, is characterized by pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. Mercury poisoning can also cause Hunter-Russell syndrome and Minamata disease. (L7)

Environmental FateEnvironmental fate of mercury and all its cmpd are relevant to mercuric oxide because of photodecomposition of mercuric oxide to mercury.
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Sensorimotor;Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.;ACGIH Carcinogen - Not Classifiable.
Exposure Routes · 2 件

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol, through the skin and by ingestion.

Oral (L136) ; inhalation (L136); dermal (L136)

Toxicity Summary · 1 件

High-affinity binding of the divalent mercuric ion to thiol or sulfhydryl groups of proteins is believed to be the major mechanism for the activity of mercury. Through alterations in intracellular thiol status, mercury can promote oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and changes in heme metabolism. Mercury is known to bind to microsomal and mitochondrial enzymes, resulting in cell injury and death. For example, mercury is known to inhibit aquaporins, halting water flow across the cell membrane. It also inhibits the protein LCK, which causes decreased T-cell signalling and immune system depression. Mercury is also believed to inhibit neuronal excitability by acting on the postsynaptic neuronal membrane. It also affects the nervous system by inhibiting protein kinase C and alkaline phosphatase, which impairs brain microvascular formation and function, as well as alters the blood-brain barrier. Mercury also produces an autoimmune response, likely by modification of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules, self peptides, T-cell receptors, or cell-surface adhesion molecules. (L7, A8, A25, A26)

法規制情報

Regulatory Information · 4 件

Chemical: Mercury oxide (HgO)

12C - indicates a substance that is prohibited to be exported from the Unites States under TSCA section 12(c).

Mercury (II) oxide: HSNO Approval: HSR004550 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

RCRA Requirements · 1 件

D009; A solid waste containing mercury may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Mercury/

Atmospheric Standards · 1 件

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Mercuric oxide is included on this list.

CERCLA Reportable Quantities · 1 件

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Mercuric oxide is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500/10,000 lbs.

Clean Water Act RequirementsToxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act and is subject to effluent limitations. /Mercury and cmpd/
State Drinking Water Guidelines(AZ) ARIZONA 3 ug/l /Mercury/

化学と産業

薬理情報

Biological Half-Life... Found half-times of 23 and 26 days in the head of two subjects accidentally exposed to radioactive mercuric oxide.
Metabolism/Metabolites · 1 件

Mercury is absorbed mainly via ingestion and inhalation, then distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream, where a portion binds to sulfhydryl groups on haemoglobin. Mercury can undergo oxidation to mercuric mercury, which takes place via the catalase-hydrogen peroxide pathway. The mercury atom is able to diffuse down the cleft in the catalase enzyme to reach the active site where the heme ring is located. Oxidation most likely occurs in all tissue, as the catalase hydrogen peroxide pathway is ubiquitous. Following oxidation, mercury tends to accumulate in the kidneys. Mercury is excreted mainly by exhalation and in the faeces. (A6, L7)

Absorption, Distribution and Excretion · 5 件

SALIVARY EXCRETION OF MERCURY (HG) & ITS RELATION TO BLOOD & URINE HG HAS BEEN DETERMINED TO BE ABOUT ONE-TENTH THAT OF THESE BODY FLUIDS, AS FOUND FROM A STUDY OF 40 WORKMEN EXPOSED FOR SEVERAL YR TO MIXED INORGANIC & ORGANIC MERCURIALS, CHIEFLY METALLIC HG, MERCURIC OXIDE, & PHENYL HG ACETATE.

MOST OF MERCURIC OXIDE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS (5 MG MERCURY/KG) WAS EXCRETED IN FECES, & APPROX 2% OF DOSE WAS EXCRETED IN URINE. DISTRIBUTION OF MERCURY IN RAT TISSUES AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF MERCURIC OXIDE WAS SIMILIAR TO MERCURIC CHLORIDE. THUS, MERCURIC OXIDE COULD BE ABSORBED FROM GI TRACT WITHOUT TRANSFORMATION TO MERCURIC CHLORIDE.

TECHNIQUES OF BODY RADIOACTIVITY MEASUREMENT WERE USED TO STUDY THE BEHAVIOR OF (203)HG IN 2 MEN WHO HAD ACCIDENTALLY (WHILE MONITORING AIRBORNE CONTAMINATION) INHALED AEROSOLS OF IRRADIATED MERCURIC OXIDE. THE MAJOR SITE OF SYSTEMIC DEPOSITION WAS THE KIDNEY.

... HG BATTERY WORKERS EXPOSED DAILY TO HGO DUST SHOWED 56% WITH URINARY HG VALUES ABOVE THE NORMAL LEVEL OF 250 UG/L WITHOUT CLINICAL SIGNS OF POISONING, AS EVIDENCED BY NORMAL BETA-GLOBULIN LEVELS.

In experiments on dogs, approx 45% of a radioactive mercury (II) oxide aerosol, with a median droplet diameter of 0.16 (+ or - 0.06) um, was cleared in less than 24 hr and the remainder with a half-time of 33 days ... Radioactivity was detected in blood as well as in urine. The concn in blood followed the curve of its disappearance from the lungs. The in vivo solubility of the particles was found to be of great importance for the clearance during the slow phase.

用途と製造

Uses · 6 件

Yellow mercuric oxide: Used to make organic mercurials, as a catalyst, and in chemical analysis; Red mercuric oxide: Used in marine and porcelain paints, dry batteries, as a chemical reagent, and catalyst; Both are used as topical antiseptics; [Merck Index] Used as a pigment, glass modifier, chemical intermediate, and cosmetics preservative; Yellow mercuric oxide is also used as a fungicide paste for treating fruit and rubber trees; [HSDB]

Battery Manufacturing [Category: Industry];Painting (Pigments, Binders, and Biocides) [Category: Paint];Using Disinfectants or Biocides [Category: Clean];Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For Mercuric Oxide (USEPA/OPP PC Code: 052102) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S./

Yellow mercuric oxide: for determining zinc or hydrogen cyanide; detecting acetic acid in formic acid, CO in gas mixtures

Red mercuric oxide: in marine bottom paints, diluting pigments for painting on porcelain; with graphite as depolarizer in dry batteries; in Kjeldahl nitrogen detn; as reagent for citric acid, thiophene, glucose, aldehyde, urea, acetone; as reagent and catalyst in organic reactions

Fungicide ... as paste for wound sealing and canker treatment of fruit trees and rubber trees. Not to be used for sealing graft wounds or for treating pruning cuts in first year /Yellow oxide of mercury/

U.S. Imports(1978) 3.3X10+7 g. /Mercury compounds including mercuric oxide/
U.S. Production(1978) 4.5X10+8 G (CONSUMPTION; EST)
Consumption Patterns(1978): 4.5X10+5 kg, estimated by USEPA.
Methods of Manufacturing · 4 件

TO A CONCN AQ SOLN OF HG BICHLORIDE ... A 5% SOLN OF NAOH IS ... ADDED ... PRECIPITATED OXIDE IS WASHED ... BY DECANTATION WITH PURIFIED WATER ... COLLECTED ON A FILTER & WASHED WITH PURIFIED WATER ... IT IS THEN DRIED IN DARK @ ABOUT 50 °C.

By heating mercurous nitrate

BY HEATING MERCURY IN OXYGEN ...

REACTION OF A MERCURIC SALT SOLN-EG, MERCURIC CHLORIDE-WITH ALKALI PRODUCING A PPTD PRODUCT (YELLOW); HEAT-INDUCED DECOMPOSITION OF MERCUROUS NITRATE (RED); REACTION OF SODIUM CARBONATE WITH MERCURIC CHLORIDE OR MERCURIC NITRATE & SODIUM CHLORIDE FOLLOWED BY REFLUXING (RED)

Formulations/Preparations · 4 件

/SANTAR/ THIXOTROPIC PASTE CONTAINING 3% MERCURY AS MERCURIC OXIDE /FORMER USE/

Grades of purity: red: technical, reagent, purified; yellow: technical, NF, reagent

Grade: Technical, paint, ACS reagent (Red); Grade: CP, tehcnical, NF (yellow)

Contains 99-99.5% HgO

関連反応

135 件

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