ジエチルチオカルバミン酸S-(4-クロロベンジル)

Pesticide -> EPA IRIS

Herbicides

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Not approved

Pesticides -> Herbicides, Thiocarbamate

Pesticide (Thiobencarb) -> USDA PDB

Pesticide

log Kow = 3.40

3.78

Clear, colorless liquid

Pale yellow liquid

In water, 28.0 mg/L at 25 °C

In water, 30.0 mg/L at 22 °C

In water, 30.0 mg/L at 22 °C

In acetone, methanol, n-hexane, toluene, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate >500 g/L

0.000022 [mmHg]

1.8X10-5 mm Hg at 23 °C

Thiobencarb is a pale yellow to brownish yellow liquid. Non corrosive. Used as an herbicide.

Pale yellow to brownish-yellow liquid; mp = 3.3 deg C; [HSDB] Colorless liquid; [MSDSonline]

Warning

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P264, P270, P273, P301+P317, P330, P391, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Warning

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P261, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P317, P319, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Hazard Traits - Hematotoxicity; Other Toxicological Hazard Traits

Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (amended)

Thiobencarb is listed in the dataset of EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides under the Safe Drinking Water Act (40 eCFR 141)

2008/934

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

USEPA/Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document - Thiobencarb EPA 738-R-97-013 (December 1997). The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[Available from, as of October 11, 2012: http://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=CHEMICALSEARCH:1]

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethyl-carbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6349]

Tolerances with regional registration, as defined in part 180.1(l), are established for residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chloro-phenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6350]

Based on the reviews of the generic data for the active ingredient in this case, the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of thiobencarb, but has certain limitations on its potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. The Agency has determined that thiobencarb products, if labeled and used 99 as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision, will not pose unreasonable risks or adverse effects to humans or the environment. Under the Food Quality and Protection Act of 1996, the Agency has determined that there is reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and children or the general population from aggregate exposure to thiobencarb. Therefore, the Agency concludes that all products containing thiobencarb are eligible for reregistration.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Thiobencarb is found on List B. Case No: 2665; Pesticide type: herbicide; Case Status: RED Approved 9/97; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): S-((4-Chlorophenyl)methyl) diethylcarbamothioate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 08/13/91, 10/13/95; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for the case/AI.

THIOBENCARB is a thiocarbamate. Flammable gases are generated by the combination of thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates with aldehydes, nitrides, and hydrides. Thiocarbamates and dithiocarbamates are incompatible with acids, peroxides, and acid halides.

Acute Tox. 4 (100%)

Acute toxicity - category 4

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4

Acute Tox. 4 *

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Nonrefillable container. Do not reuse or refill this container. Offer for recycling if available. Clean container promptly after emptying. Triple rinse as follows: Empty the remaining contents into application equipment or a mix tank. Fill the container 1/4 full with water. Replace and tighten closures. Tip container on its side and roll it back and forth, ensuring at least one complete revolution, for 30 seconds. Stand the container on its end and tip it back and forth several times. Empty the rinsate into application equipment or a mix tank or store rinsate for later use or disposal. Repeat this procedure two more times. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

Keep out of reach of children and animals. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Avoid contact of spray to eyes and skin.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Use this product only in accordance with its labeling and with the Worker Protection Standard, 40 CFR part 170. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

For terrestrial uses, do not apply directly to water, to areas where surface water is present or to intertidal areas below the mean high water mark. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for THIOBENCARB (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethyl-carbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6347]

Tolerances with regional registration, as defined in part 180.1(l), are established for residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chloro-phenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6348]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]:

Applicators and flaggers must wear: long sleeved shirt and long pants, shoes plus socks. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

Mixers and Loaders must wear: long sleeved shirt and long pants, chemical-resistant gloves, such as barrier laminate, butyl rubber greater than or equal to 14 mils, nitrile rubber greater than or equal to 14 mils or Viton greater than or equal to 14 mils, chemical-resistant apron and shoes plus socks. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

For other handling activities and in case of a spill or other emergency exposure, handlers must wear: coveralls over long sleeved shirt and long pants, chemical-resistant gloves such as barrier laminate, butyl rubber greater than or equal to 14 mils, nitrile rubber greater than or equal to 14 mils or Viton greater than or equal to 14 mils, chemical-resistant footwear and chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

All workers must wear: waterproof boots plus socks when entering flooded fields following treatment. /Bolero 8 EC Herbicide/

For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for THIOBENCARB (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally.

Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Chronically high (>10 years) exposure leads to neuropsychological consequences including disturbances in perception and visuo-motor processing (A15321).

LD50; Species: /Colinus virginianus/ (Bobwhite quail) oral >7800 mg/kg /Technical thiobencarb/

EC50; Species: Chlorella vulgaris (Green Algae) 1X10+4 cells/mL, CCAP 211/11B; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25-28 °C; Concentration: 3277 ug/L for 72 hr (95% confidence interval: 2565-4185 ug/L); Effect: population changes, general /99.5% purity/

EC50; Species: Chlorella vulgaris (Green Algae) 1X10+4 cells/mL, NIES-227; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25-28 °C; Concentration: 3788 ug/L for 72 hr (95% confidence interval: 2594-5530 ug/L); Effect: population changes, general /99.5% purity/

EC50; Species: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Green Algae) 1X10+4 cells/mL, NIES-35; Conditions: freshwater, static, 25-28 °C; Concentration: 20.3 ug/L for 72 hr (95% confidence interval: 16.0-25.7 ug/L); Effect: population changes, general /99.5% purity/

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for THIOBENCARB (44 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values of 309-5000(2-4), indicate that thiobencarb is expected to have low to slight mobility in soil(SRC). Soils studies have demonstrated that volatilization from soil surfaces is not an important fate process(5). Minor loss of thiobencarb occurs from photodegradation on soil surfaces(6) with one reported photolysis half-life of 168 days(5). Biodegradation is the major environmental fate process in soil(3,5,6). Biodegradation has also been shown to occur more rapidly in soils that have been acclimated to thiobencarb(7). The half-life of thiobencarb in soil has been reported to be 2 to 3 weeks in aerobic conditions and 6 to 8 months in anaerobic conditions(6). Soil half-lives of 21-58 days are also reported based on field studies(3,5) and a half-life of 3.5 days in an acclimated rice field(8).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a measured Koc values ranging from 309-5000(2-4), indicates that thiobencarb is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). One study in a flooded soil showed that more thiobencarb partitioned to the soil than remained in the water(5). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(6) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 2.7X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.2X10-5 mm Hg(7), and water solubility, 28 mg/L(7). According to a classification scheme(8), measured BCFs ranging from 66 to 523(9-11), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate-to-high(SRC). Biodegradation is a major environmental fate process for thiobencarb in aquatic ecosystems(12). Degradation studies have shown that thiobencarb can degrade much more rapidly in non-sterile water/sediment systems than in sterile systems(12,13). Biodegradation has been shown to occur more rapidly in systems that have been acclimated to thiobencarb(14). Degradation in natural water may occur abiotically through photooxidation(14). Photochemically generated hydroxyl radicals can react readily with thiobencarb in natural waters, although the presence of a photo-sensitizing agent (e.g., humic acids) is required(15). Laboratory persistence studies have measured half-lives ranging from 6 to 42 days in water or water-sediment systems(12,13). Thiobencarb is stable to aqueous hydrolysis in the environment(16).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), thiobencarb, which has a vapor pressure of 2.2X10-5 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase thiobencarb is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 15 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC), determined using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase thiobencarb may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Thiobencarb is susceptible to direct photolysis(4).

Thiobencarb is a cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Carbamates form unstable complexes with chlolinesterases by carbamoylation of the active sites of the enzymes. This inhibition is reversible. A cholinesterase inhibitor suppresses the action of acetylcholine esterase. Because of its essential function, chemicals that interfere with the action of acetylcholine esterase are potent neurotoxins, causing excessive salivation and eye-watering in low doses. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Acetylcholine esterase breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which is released at nerve and muscle junctions, in order to allow the muscle or organ to relax. The result of acetylcholine esterase inhibition is that acetylcholine builds up and continues to act so that any nerve impulses are continually transmitted and muscle contractions do not stop.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Thiobencarb (S-(4-chlorobenzyl)-N,N-diethyl thiol carbamate) has been one of the herbicides previously associated with fish kills in agricultural drains near the Sacramento/San Joaquin rivers and their Delta. To define targets of thiobencarb embryotoxicity and to determine the degree of protection afforded by the chorion, medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed under static nonrenewal conditions. Responses to exposures initiated at blastula or at initiation of heart beat (stages 10 and 23, respectively) were assessed. In addition, enzymatically dechorionated embryos (stage 13, gastrula) were exposed and compared to responses in embryos with intact chorions. Embryos were observed daily for development and for gross abnormalities including: bradycardia, pericardial edema, hemostasis, poor yolk resorption, cephalic and spinal deformities, and abnormal hatching. A subset was also evaluated for histologic alterations. Based on gross abnormalities, the concentration of thiobencarb affecting 50% (EC50) of embryos exposed at blastula was 3.6 mg/L, while the putative no observable effect concentration (NOEC) was 1.0 mg/L. For embryos exposed at onset of heart beat (stage 23), these values were 4.1 and 2.5 mg/L, respectively. Dechorionated embryos tended to be more sensitive than their chorionated cohorts (LC50=2.5 vs. 1.0 mg/L). Liver histologic alterations were seen in chorionated embryos at EC50 levels and higher. Stage-specific toxicity was evident; nevertheless, the EC50 and NOEC values for embryos treated at stage 10 and stage 23 were similar.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Chronic toxicity studies were conducted with an algae (Nannochloris oculata) and the cladoceran (Daphnia magna) to determine their relative sensitivities to the thiocarbamate herbicide thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate). Most of the algal populations were initially affected by exposure to the herbicide. Thiobencarb concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/L significantly reduced algal densities after 24-hr exposure. The 24-hr static EC50 in D. magna was 3.01 mg/L. The sublethal effects of 0.3, 0.37, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.5 mg/L of thiobencarb concentrations on the survival, reproduction, and growth of D. magna were monitored for 21 days. The parameters used to determined the effect of the herbicide on D. magna were mean total young per female; mean brood size; days to first brood; intrinsic rate of natural increase (r); growth; and survival. Reproduction was significantly reduced at thiobencarb concentrations of 0.30 mg/L and higher while survival was affected after exposure to 0.75 and 1.5 mg/L of the pesticide. The r value decreased with increasing concentrations of thiobencarb. Growth, as measured by body length, was depressed significantly after exposure to all herbicide concentrations tested.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ The midge Chironomus tepperi was used in laboratory experiments to assess the relative toxicity of formulated molinate, clomazone, and thiobencarb, three herbicides used in Australian rice crops. Static bioassays were initiated with first-instar larvae at herbicide concentrations between 0.0625 and 2 times the anticipated field concentrations (AFCs) expected from the registered application rates. Adult emergence success, development time, and wing length were used as indices of the effect of each herbicide. ... Thiobencarb reduced emergence success of adult C. tepperi at 0.0625 times the AFC (0.1875 mg/L) as well as decreasing male adult size and increasing development time for males and females at 0.125 times the AFC (p<0.05). Nontarget effects of the herbicides on aquatic invertebrate communities were assessed in shallow experimental ponds using commercial application rates. One week after treatment, only thiobencarb had a significant effect, suppressing populations of chironomids, calanoids, and cyclopoids (p<0.05). Four weeks later, all populations had recovered, equaling or exceeding control densities.

As with organophosphates, the signs and symptoms are based on excessive cholinergic stimulation. Unlike organophosphate poisoning, carbamate poisonings tend to be of shorter duration because the inhibition of nervous tissue acetylcholinesterase is reversible, and carbamates are more rapidly metabolized. Muscle weakness, dizziness, sweating and slight body discomfort are commonly reported early symptoms. Headache, salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea are often prominent at higher levels of exposure. Contraction of the pupils with blurred vision, incoordination, muscle twitching and slurred speech have been reported. (L795)

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chlorophenyl)methyl]diethyl-carbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6349]

Tolerances with regional registration, as defined in part 180.1(l), are established for residues of the herbicide thiobencarb (S-[(4-chloro-phenyl)methyl]diethylcarbamothioate) and its chlorobenzyl and chlorophenyl moiety-containing metabolites in or on the following raw agricultural commodities:[Table#6350]

Based on the reviews of the generic data for the active ingredient in this case, the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of thiobencarb, but has certain limitations on its potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. The Agency has determined that thiobencarb products, if labeled and used 99 as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision, will not pose unreasonable risks or adverse effects to humans or the environment. Under the Food Quality and Protection Act of 1996, the Agency has determined that there is reasonable certainty that no harm will result to infants and children or the general population from aggregate exposure to thiobencarb. Therefore, the Agency concludes that all products containing thiobencarb are eligible for reregistration.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Thiobencarb is found on List B. Case No: 2665; Pesticide type: herbicide; Case Status: RED Approved 9/97; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document.; Active ingredient (AI): S-((4-Chlorophenyl)methyl) diethylcarbamothioate; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 08/13/91, 10/13/95; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) for the case/AI.

In a general metabolism study, the disposition and metabolism of (Phenyl-U-(14)C)-thiobencarb was investigated in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at a single low oral dose (30 mg/kg), repeated low oral doses (30 mg/kg x 14 days), and a single high dose (300 mg/kg). ... Urinary and fecal metabolites of (Phenyl-U-(14)C)-Thiobencarb were isolated and identified by HPLC, TLC, and mass spectral analysis. The major metabolite detected was the glycine conjugate 4-chlorohippuric acid, comprising between 74-81% of an administered dose in urine. Other metabolites detected included 4-chlorobenzyl methyl sulfoxide and -sulfone, des-ethyl thiobencarb, and 4-chlorobenzoic acid, each representing less than 10% of an administered dose of thiobencarb. A single high or repeated low oral dose did not significantly affect the urinary or fecal metabolite profile for thiobencarb in male or female rats.

Roots of rice and barnyard millet were soaked in (14)C benthiocarb solution for 48 hr. Degradation was rapid and most of the radioactivity in the plants was extractable with aqueous acetone. The same metabolites were observed in root and foliage of both plants and little difference in the metabolic pattern of both plants was observed. The metabolites were identified as desethyl benthiocarb ... , S-4-chlorobenzyl thio- ... carbamate ... , 4-chlorobenzoic acid ... , 2-hydroxybenthiocarb ... , desethyl-2-hydroxybenthiocarb ... , 4-chloro-2- hydroxybenzyl alcohol ... , and 4-chlorosalicylic acid ... . Hydrolysis of unextractable radioactivity with b-glucosidase and hydrogen chloride yielded the aglycons.

(14)CO Thiocarbamates were administered to rats. Relatively large amounts (14)CO2, as compared to (14)C in the urine, were expired. Analyses of urine, feces and liver indicated that these compounds were metabolized via two pathways. One pathway produced larger amounts of (14)CO2 from thiocarbamates than from the sulfoxide derivatives and their GSH and cysteine conjugates. In the other pathway, metabolism of a thiolcarbamate proceeded via the sulfoxide and S-(N,N-dialkylcarbamoyl)glutathione. Degradation of the glutathione conjugate produced the corresponding cysteine conjugate, mercapturic acid and mercaptoacetic acid. The appropriate mercapturic acids were seen in urine when benthiocarb, cycloate, molinate and pebulate were administered to rats.

The fate of (14)C-labeled benthiocarb was studied with white mice in vivo and in vitro. After oral administration, benthiocarb was rapidly translocated into organs. There was rapid urinary excretion of labeled material; slight excretion in feces; and only a little expired. The major metabolites identified were: 4-chlorohippuric acid, 4-chlorobenzoic acid, glucuronide of 4-chlorobenzoic acid, and 4-chlorobenzyl alcohol. In liver homogenates, the microsomal fraction exhibited highest activity and NADP accelerated the degradation. In vitro metabolites were identified as: N-desethylbenthiocarb, bis(4-chlorobenzyl)mono- and di-sulfides, and 4-chlorobenzoic acid.

For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for THIOBENCARB (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The carbamates are hydrolyzed enzymatically by the liver; degradation products are excreted by the kidneys and the liver. (L793)

In a general metabolism study, the disposition and metabolism of (Phenyl-U-(14)C)-thiobencarb was investigated in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at a single low oral dose (30 mg/kg), repeated low oral doses (30 mg/kg x 14 days), and a single high dose (300 mg/kg). Thiobencarb was rapidly absorbed after oral administration as judged by the rate of excretion. No significant sex-related or dose group differences in absorption were noted. Excretion was relatively rapid at all doses tested, with a majority of radioactivity eliminated in the urine and feces by 48 hours. The extent of excretion was completed by 72 hours at the 300 mg/kg dose, but the mechanism responsible for this delay was not identified. No significant sex- or dose-related differences in urinary or fecal excretion of thiobencarb derived radioactivity were noted. Repeated low oral dosing did not affect elimination of thiobencarb in either male or female rats. Fecal elimination of (Phenyl-U-(14)C)-thiobencarb derived radioactivity was a minor route of excretion, and for urine, no significant sex- or dose-related differences in amount of radioactivity excreted by this route were observed. Residual levels of thiobencarb derived radioactivity were also minor (less than 0.5% of an administered dose).

(14)C Benzyl methylene labeled benthiocarb was taken up through the roots and translocated into whole plants by rice, barnyard grass, wild amaranth, smartweed, and lambsquarters plants. It was translocated from a leaf into other leaves also. When applied to seeds, it was rapidly absorbed and accumulated mostly in the embryo.

Used as a systemic, pre-emergence herbicide to control grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice (95% of use), lettuce, celery, and endive; [Reference #1]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For thiobencarb (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 108401) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Herbicide

Pre-emergence to early post-emergence control of Echinochloa, Leptochloa and Cyperus spp., and other monocotyledonous and annual broad-leaved weeds in direct-seeded and transplanted rice.

Thiobencarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 108401; Trade Names: Bencarb; Bolero; Saturn; B 3015; IMC 3950.

Emulsifiable concentrate, granule

Trade and Other Names: Bolero, Bencarb, Saturn, B 3015, IMC 3950.

Premix Partners: Bensulfuron-methyl; Propanil.

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for THIOBENCARB (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The WHO Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard identifies Thiobencarb (technical grade) as Class II: moderately hazardous; Main Use: herbicide.

The technical grade is approximately 93% pure.