ホスホン酸
ホスホン酸 · ホスホン酸標準品 · 亜リン · 亜リン酸 SOLUTION ≥50% · 亜りん酸, 98+% · 亜リン酸 溶液 · 亜りん酸, 97% · 亜りん酸標準品
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 13598-36-2 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | H3O3P |
| 平均分子量 | 81.996 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 81.98198095 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=[PH](O)O |
| InChIKey | ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 407 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1235291 |
| EC No. | 237-066-7 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID2049715 |
| 現地名 | ホスホン酸 |
化学・物理的性質
| XLogP | -1.6 |
|---|---|
| 極性表面積 | 57.5 |
| 水素結合供与体数 | 2 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 3 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 0 |
| 重原子数 | 4 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 26 |
| Physical Description | Dry PowderLiquidLarge CrystalsCBI |
| 融点 | 73 °C |
| 沸点 | 200 °C |
| 密度 | 1.651 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| 蒸気圧 | 0.001Pa at 20℃ |
| 引火点 | 200°C |
| 貯蔵条件 | 0-6°C |
| 溶解度 | DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly), Water (Sparingly)溶ける |
| 外観・状態 | クリスタル |
| pKa（酸解離定数） | pK1 1.29pK2 6.74(at 25℃) |
| 比重 | 1.651 |
| 色 | 白い |
| pH | pKa1= 1.10, pKa2 = 6.33(25℃) |
| Merck | 14,7346 |
| 安定性 | 安定。強塩基とは相容れない。吸湿性。 |
| InChI | 1S/H3O3P/c1-4(2)3/h4H,(H2,1,2,3) |
| InChIKey | ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | [H]P(O)(O)=O |
| CAS データベース | 13598-36-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NISTの化学物質情報 | (HO)2HPO(13598-36-2) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Phosphonic acid (13598-36-2) |
化学的特性
Phosphorous acid is a white crystalline deliquescent solid that can be prepared by the action of water on phosphorus( III) oxide or phosphorus(III) chloride. It is a dibasic acid producing the anions H2PO3- and HPO3 2- in water. The acid and its salts are slow reducing agents. On warming, phosphonic acid decomposes to phosphine and phosphoric(V) acid. Phosphorus acid is used to prepare phosphite salts. It is usually sold as a 20% aqueous solution.
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | DangerH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H314: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage [Danger Skin corrosion/irritation]P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.1% (2 of 1718) of reports. |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: Phosphonic acidCommission Regulation No 844/2012Phosphonic acid is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Phosphonic acid are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 16-02-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15806Ortho phosphorous acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Phosphonic acid: Human health tier II assessmentIMAP assessments - Phosphonic acid: Environment tier I assessment |
| EPA Safer Chemical | Chemical: Phosphonic acidYellow triangle - The chemical has met Safer Choice Criteria for its functional ingredient-class, but has some hazard profile issues. Specifically, a chemical with this code is not associated with a low level of hazard concern for all human health and environmental endpoints. (See Safer Choice Criteria). While it is a best-in-class chemical and among the safest available for a particular function, the function fulfilled by the chemical should be considered an area for safer chemistry innovation. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Met. Corr. 1 (22.3%)Acute Tox. 4 (98.6%)Skin Corr. 1 (99.9%)Eye Dam. 1 (47.1%)STOT SE 3 (26%)Acute toxicity - category 4Skin corrosion - category 1ASelf-reactive substances and mixtures - Type GAcute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 1Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 1CorrosivesAcute Tox. 4 *Skin Corr. 1A |
| Protective Action Criteria (PAC) | 5.7 [mg/m3]63 [mg/m3]380 [mg/m3] |
| F | 3 |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 1 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | SZ6400000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 2834 |
| 税関コード | 28092019 |
| 危険文句（R） | 22-35 |
| 危険表示 | C |
| 安全措置（S） | 26-36/37/39-45 |
| 危険等級 | 8Acute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1Met. Corr. 1Skin Corr. 1A |
| 包装等級 | III |
| 毒劇物取締法 | III |
| 貯蔵分類 | 8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials |
用途
解説
ホスホン酸，四面体形の [PHO3]2- を含む二塩基酸。 H3PO3 と書いて，亜リン酸と称していたことがあったが，これは誤称。無色，潮解性結晶，比重 1.65 。還元性が強く，貴金属塩から金属を遊離する。アルカリ塩およびカルシウム塩のほかは水に難溶。なお，ホスホン酸とオルトリン酸とが脱水縮合して生成する酸に相当するものとして次リン酸などが知られている。ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典 ブリタニカ
用途
塩化ビニル安定剤、有機合成触媒、pH 調整剤、ポリエステルフィルムの表面処理剤、分 析（水銀検出）、還元剤、亜リン酸塩製造（肥料等）.
説明
Phosphorous acid, H3PO3, is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by this formula. Phosphorous acid is as an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorous compounds. Because preparation and uses of “phosphorous acid” actually pertain more to the major tautomer, phosphonic acid, it is more often referred to as “phosphorous acid”. Phosphorous acid has the chemical formula H3PO3, which is best expressed as HPO(OH)2 to show its diprotic character. P(OH)3 (IUPAC: phosphorous acid) has CAS number 10294-56-1. It has been shown to be a stable tautomer.
使用
Phosphorous acid is used to produce the fertilizer phosphate salt like potassium phosphite, ammonium phosphite and calcium phosphite. It is actively involved in the preparation of phosphites like aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) and 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic Acid (PBTC), which find application in water treatment as a scale or corrosive inhibitor. It is also used in chemical reactions as a reducing agent. Its salt, lead phosphite is used as PVC stabilizer. It is also used as a precursor in the preparation of phosphine and as an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds.
一般的な説明
Phosphorous acid appears as a white or yellow crystalline solid (melting point 70.1°C) or a solution of the solid. Density 1.651 g /cm3 . Contact may severely irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.
使用用途
ホスホン酸は還元性が強いため、無電解めっきの還元剤としての使用可能です。やの水溶液から、それぞれ銀やを析出させて、メッキを施せます。 P-アルキルホスホン酸ジアルキルエステル (R-P(=O)(OR')2)は、工業的に重要な中間体です。P-アルキルホスホン酸ジアルキルエステルはホーナー・ワズワース・エモンズ反応 (英: Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction) の基質であり、ホーナー・エモンズ試薬と呼ばれ、アルケンの原料になります。ホーナー・エモンズ試薬は、香料や医薬品の原料として、多方面で使用されています。
製法・合成法
製造方法
Phosphorus acid can be prepared by the reaction of phosphorus trichloride with water: PCl3 + 3H2O → H3PO4 + 3HClThe reaction is violent. Addition of PCl3 should be extremely cautious and slow. The addition can be carried out safely in the presence of concentrated HCl. Alternatively, a stream of air containing PCl3 vapor is passed into icecold water and solid crystals of H3PO4 form. Alternatively, phosphorus acid can be prepared by adding phosphorus trichloride to anhydrous oxalic acid: PCl3 + 3(COOH）2 → H3PO3 + 3CO + 3CO2 + 3HCl In this reaction, all products except H3PO3 escape as gases leaving the liquid acid. Dissolution of phosphorus sesquioxide in water also forms phosphorus acid. When shaken with ice water, phosphorus acid is the only product . P4O6 + 6H2O → 4H3PO3 However, in hot water part of the phosphorus acid disproportionates to phosphoric acid and phosphorus or phosphine.