Emergency treatment: Plants- sesquiterpene lactones; Sesquiterpene lactones are in many plants. They cause toxicity mainly in livestock that eat the plants. Human poisoning cases are extremely rare. Possible symptoms after ingestion include irritation of mucous membranes, dyspnea, pulmonary hemorrhage, tremors, seizures, abdominal pain, and liver injury. [HSDB] Sesquiterpene lactones are a common cause of allergic dermatitis in florists. See Sesquiterpene lactones.
毒性情報
Adverse EffectsNeurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Natural Pollution Sources · 1 件
HYMENOXYS ODORATA (BITTERWEED) IS A MAJOR POISONOUS RANGE PLANT THAT IS INDIGENOUS TO TEXAS, NEW MEXICO, COLORADO, OKLAHOMA, ARIZONA AND CALIFORNIA. HYMENOXON IS EXTRACTED FROM THIS PLANT. HYMENOXON WAS FOUND IN HYMENOXYS ODORATA, HELENIUM HOOPSII AND BAILEYA MULTIRADIATA, AND THE HYMENOXON CONTENT WAS RELATED TO THE RELATIVE TOXICITY (TO ANIMALS) OF THE 3 PLANTS.
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts · 3 件
NO SIGNIFICANT SEX DIFFERENCES WERE OBSERVED IN HYMENOXON ORAL LD50 VALUES FOR SWISS WHITE MICE. HYMENOXON WAS A DIRECT-ACTING MUTAGEN IN THE SALMONELLA/MAMMALIAN MICROSOME TEST. URINE SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM HYMENOXON-TREATED MICE WERE NEGATIVE FOR MUTAGENIC ACTIVITY WHEN TESTED DIRECTLY AND WHEN INCUBATED WITH BETA GLUCURONIDASE.
HYMENOXONE WAS TESTED FOR GENOTOXICITY USING 6 STRAINS OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS. IT PRODUCED LETHAL DNA DAMAGE IN STRAINS RECA8 AND MC-1. EVIDENTLY, HYMENOXONE IS CAPABLE OF INDUCING REPAIRABLE DNA DAMAGE IN BACTERIA.
THE IP LD50 IN RATS WAS 16.24 MG/KG FOR HYMENOXON. THE TOXICITY OF A SESQUITERPENE LACTONE DEPENDS ON THE NUMBER OF ALKYLATING CENTERS SUCH AS CYCLOPENTENONE, ALPHA-METHYLENE-GAMMA-LACTONE, OR HEMIACETAL MOIETIES IN THE MOLECULE.
Antidote and Emergency Treatment · 2 件
EXPTL THERAPY: ADMINISTRATION OF 2 ANTIOXIDANTS BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE (BHA), ETHOXYQUIN (EQ) AND DL-METHIONINE WITH THE DIET FOR 7 DAYS PROTECTED MICE FROM ACUTE TOXICITY OF HYMENOXON.
化学と産業
薬理情報
Metabolism/MetabolitesTHE SULFHYDRYL GROUP IS NOT THE PRIMARY REACTIVE SITE. HYMENOXON IS EXCRETED AS GLUCURONIDES VIA URINE AND BILE.
用途と製造
UsesToxic constituent of Hymenoxys odorata (bitterweed), Helenium hoopsii, and Baileya multiradiata (poisonous range plants); [HSDB]
EXPTL THERAPY: ANTIDOTAL EFFECTS OF ETHOXYQUIN (EQ) (2.5 G/SHEEP/DAY FOR 9 DAYS BEFORE POISONING) WERE SIGNIFICANT IN SHEEP POISONED WITH BITTERWEED, BUT THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF BUTYLATED HYDROXYANISOLE (BHA) WERE INSIGNIFICANT. OF 6 SHEEP GIVEN EQ IN THE FEED, 5 SURVIVED 7 DOSES OF BITTERWEED (4 G/KG/DAY OR HIGHER FOR 7 DAYS), WHEREAS 5 OF 7 CONTROLS AND 4 OF 7 SHEEP GIVEN FEED WITH ADDED BHA DIED. THE ADDED EQ IN THE FEED DECREASED THE SERUM ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PROTEIN, ALBUMIN, AND CALCIUM CONCENTRATIONS. SEEMINGLY, EQ IS THE FIRST PROTECTIVE AGENT WITH FIELD APPLICATION POTENTIAL FOR BITTERWEED TOXICITY.