ポリミキシンB/硫酸

用途ポリミキシン系抗菌剤です。 細菌細胞質膜の透過性を変化させることによ り、抗菌作用を示します。緑膿菌、肺炎桿菌 といったグラム陰性桿菌に対して、優れた抗 菌作用を示します。

用途薬理研究用。

説明The polymyxins are cationic peptides originally isolated from B. polymyxa. They bind and kill Gram-negative bacteria. The B series of polymyxins consist of a cyclic heptapeptide and a tripeptide side chain acylated at the amino terminus by a fatty acid. Polymyxin B (sulfate) is a mixture of at least four closely related components, polymyxin B1 to B4, with polymyxin B1 and B2 being the two major components. Polymyxin B (sulfate) has rapid in vitro bactericidal activity against major multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, such as P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, and K. pneumoniae.

使用Polymyxin B sulfate is used as topical antibiotic agent, often used in combination with neomycin; products include ointments, creams, eye, and ear drops.

一般的な説明Polymyxin (Aerosporin) was discovered in 1947 almost simultaneouslyin three separate laboratories in the UnitedStates and Great Britain. As often happens whensimilar discoveries are made in widely separated laboratories,differences in nomenclature, referring to both theantibiotic-producing organism and the antibiotic itself, appearedin references to the polymyxins. Because the organismsfirst designated as Bacillus polymyxa and B.aerosporus Greer were found to be identical species, thename B. polymyxa is used to refer to all of the strains thatproduce the closely related polypeptides called polymyxins.Other organisms (e.g., see “Colistin” later) also producepolymyxins. Identified so far are polymyxins A, B1,B2, C, D1, D2, M, colistin A (polymyxin E1), colistin B(polymyxin E2), circulins A and B, and polypeptin. Theknown structures of this group and their properties havebeen reviewed by Vogler and Studer. Of these,polymyxin B as the sulfate usually is used in medicine because,when used systemically, it causes less kidney damagethan the others. Polymyxin B sulfate is a nearly odorless, white to buff powder. It is freely soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol.