臭化デメカリウム

WHITE POWDER

SLIGHTLY YELLOW, CRYSTALLINE POWDER

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

FDA approved drugs -> Active ingredient

AQ SOLN ARE STABLE

STABLE TO AUTOCLAVING, & RETAIN THEIR POTENCY FOR PROLONGED PERIODS

DECOMP @ 162-167 °C

CONSISTS OF 2 NEOSTIGMINE MOLECULES CONNECTED @ CARBAMATE NITROGEN ATOMS BY SERIES OF 10 METHYLENE GROUPS /DEMECARIUM/

SLIGHTLY HYGROSCOPIC

Danger

H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]

P264, P270, P301+P316, P321, P330, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.

IN SOME PT, DEMECARIUM MAY PRODUCE CONTACT DERMATITIS. IRIS CYSTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED, PARTICULARLY IN CHILDREN, FOLLOWING PROLONGED USE... /DEMECARIUM/

SIDE EFFECTS OF DEMECARIUM...MAY INCL CILIARY OR ACCOMODATIVE SPASM, BLURRED VISION, OCULAR OR BROW PAIN, HEADACHE, PHOTOPHOBIA, & TWITCHING OF EYELIDS. RARELY, RETINAL DETACHMENT MAY RESULT FROM SEVERE CILIARY SPASM. CONGESTIVE IRITIS, IRIDOCYCLITIS, & CONJUNCTIVAL & INTRAOCULAR HYPEREMIA MAY...OCCUR. /DEMECARIUM/

SYSTEMIC EFFECTS ARE MANIFESTATIONS OF PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULATION & MAY INCL NAUSEA, VOMITING, ABDOMINAL PAIN, DIARRHEA, FREQUENT URINATION, EXCESSIVE SALIVATION & SWEATING, FLUSHING, BRONCHIAL CONSTRICTION, HYPOTENSION, & BRADYCARDIA. ...INGESTION...WILL PRODUCE SIMILAR...EFFECTS &...CONVULSIONS, SHOCK & COLLAPSE.

IT HAS NOW BEEN ESTABLISHED THAT TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA WITH POTENT, LONG-ACTING ANTI-CHOLINESTERASE AGENTS (INCL DEMECARIUM...) FOR 6 MO OR LONGER CARRIES HIGH RISK OF DEVELOPMENT OF SPECIFIC TYPE OF CATARACT, DESCRIBED AS ANTERIOR SUBCAPSULAR VACUOLES... INCIDENCE OF LENTICULAR OPACITIES...AS HIGH AS 50%... /DEMECARIUM/

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for DEMECARIUM BROMIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Drug-Induced Liver Injury Severity and Toxicity (DILIst)

demecarium bromide

DILI Positive

DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2019.09.022

SYSTEMIC ABSORPTION FROM NOSE CAN OCCUR, CAUSING TREMORS & COLLAPSE.

NEUROACTIVE COMPD & VERTEBRAL TERATOGENESIS IN BIRD EMBRYO. QUAIL EMBRYOS EXPOSED TO DEMECARIUM BROMIDE (1.5 MG) SHOWED VERTEBRAL FUSIONS & NECK DEFORMITIES AFTER 3 DAYS. MECHANISM OF TERATOGENESIS IS DISCUSSED.

...SYSTEMIC TOXICITY, ATROPINE SULFATE OR PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE, ADMIN SC OR IV, IS EFFECTIVE ANTIDOTE. ADMIN OF SHORT-ACTING BARBITURATE MAY ALSO BE NECESSARY & ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION MAY BE REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN ADEQUATE VENTILATION.

MARKED INCR IN INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE MAY BE OVERCOME BY LOCAL INSTILLATION OF EPINEPHRINE IF NECESSARY. ... SEVERE HYPEREMIA MAY BE RELIEVED BY LOCAL INSTILLATION OF 1 OR 2% EPINEPHRINE.

APPEARANCE OF.../IRIS CYSTS/ HAS BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO FREQUENCY OF ADMIN & THEY HAVE DISAPPEARED UPON WITHDRAWAL OF DRUG. PT SHOULD BE EXAMINED REGULARLY FOR APPEARANCE OF IRIS CYSTS & THERAPY SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY, IF THEY OCCUR.

/INCR FACILITY OF AQ OUTFLOW/...ACCOMPANIED BY VASODILATATION OF CONJUNCTIVAL VESSELS & INCR PERMEABILITY OF BLOOD-AQ BARRIER. INDIRECT DECR IN ACTIVITY OF EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLES OF CONVERGENCE ALSO OCCURS. ...CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION PRODUCED BY DEMECARIUM IS "REVERSIBLE".

DEMECARIUM BROMIDE...IS A QUATERNARY AMMONIUM ANTICHOLINESTERASE DRUG. ... RESULTING ACCUM OF ACETYLCHOLINE PRODUCES MIOSIS & STIMULATES CILIARY MUSCLE...REDUCING INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE BY INCR FACILITY OF AQ OUTFLOW.

Drugs that inhibit cholinesterases. The neurotransmitter ACETYLCHOLINE is rapidly hydrolyzed, and thereby inactivated, by cholinesterases. When cholinesterases are inhibited, the action of endogenously released acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses is potentiated. Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used clinically for their potentiation of cholinergic inputs to the gastrointestinal tract and urinary bladder, the eye, and skeletal muscles; they are also used for their effects on the heart and the central nervous system.

MEDICATION

MEDICATION (VET)

N,N'-DIMETHYL-1,10-DECAMETHYLENEDIAMINE IS ADDED TO MOLTEN 3-(DIMETHYLAMINO)PHENYL CARBONATE TO PRODUCE 1,10-DE CAMETHYLENEBIS[3-(DIMETHYL-AMINO)PHENYL N-METHYLCARBAMATE]. AFTER PURIFICATION THIS ESTER...A VISCOUS OIL, IS DISSOLVED IN ETHANOL & DOUBLY QUATERNIZED WITH AID OF AN ACETONE SOLN OF METHYL BROMIDE.

SCHMID, US PATENT 2,789,981 (1957 TO OESTERREICHISCHE STICKSTOFFWERKE).