D-マンニトールヘキサニトラート

If material on fire or involved in fire: Dangerously explosive. Do not fight fires in a cargo of explosives. Evacuate area and let burn. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

Evacuation: If the material is on fire or involved in fire consider evacuation of one (1) mile radius. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep spilled material wet. Wet spilled material before picking it up. Do not attempt to sweep up dry material. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

Excerpt from ERG Guide 112 [Explosives - Division 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 or 1.5]:

Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves and goggles. /Mannitol hexanitrate, wetted/

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ The mode of action of glycerol-trinitrate (GTN), mannitol-hexanitrate (MHN), and erythritol-tetranitrate (ETN) on electron transport and on oxidative phosphorylation were studied in rats. Rat liver mitochondria were isolated, and oxygen consumption was measured spectrometrically in the presence of the organic nitrate esters. The primary action of GTN was to block the response of mitochondria to adenosine-diphosphate (ADP) and to lower the rate of oxygen consumption when ADP was present. In contrast, MHN resulted in an increase in the rate of oxygen consumption. When oxidation was uncoupled from phosphorylation, GTN inhibited the uncoupled rate, as did MHN, to a smaller extent. When succinate, instead of 3-hydroxybutyrate, was used as substrate, GTN did not inhibit respiration, although MHN did. Controlled respiration with 3-hydroxybutyrate as substrate was also released by ETN, but at higher concentrations than MHN, 0.5 millimolar solution compared to 0.1 millimolar solution. With succinate as substrate, ETN did not inhibit electron transport.

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ Mannitol hexanitrate (MANHN), iditol hexanitrate and sorbitan tetranitrate, all at 442 uM, stimulate oxygen uptake by isolated rabbit atrial tissue. At the same concentration, glyceryl trinitrate decreased oxygen uptake, while isosorbide dinitrate and erythrityl tetranitrate had no effect. No simple correlation was found between the lipoid solubility or percent nitration of these compounds and their effects on oxygen uptake.

/ALTERNATIVE and IN VITRO TESTS/ The effects of organic nitrates on mitochondrial swelling, respiration, phosphorylation, and oxygen uptake were investigated. Rat liver or heart mitochondria were exposed to various amounts of several organic nitrates, and physiologic function was evaluated. Gradual mitochondrial swelling was produced by mannitol-hexanitrate (MHN), erythrityl-tetranitrate (ETN), pentaerythritol-tetranitrate (PETN), and 1,2-glyceryl-dinitrate (GDN). These chemicals also decreased or delayed mitochondrial swelling induced by inorganic phosphate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. In liver mitochondria, stimulation of oxygen consumption and loss of respiratory control were induced by MHN, ETN, PETN, glyceryl-trinitrate, and isosorbide-dinitrate at concentrations of 27 to 1500 umoles, and by GDN, pentaerythritol-trinitrate, and sodium-nitrate at concentrations of 4.0 to 6.7 millimoles. Higher concentrations of these chemicals were required to disrupt respiration in heart mitochondria. A correlation was established between the ability of the nitrates to stimulate respiration, rate of reaction with reduced glutathione in the presence of glutathione organic nitrate reductase, and the oil/water partition coefficients of the chemicals.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat as necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or is in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary. Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Nitrates, nitrites, and related compounds/

Nitromannite

A Commercial Grade

5000

A Commercial Grade

400

Explosive chemical that can be released at a facility.

Explosive cap ingredient, medicine (admixed with at least 10 parts of carbohydrate)

THERAPEUTIC CATEGORY: Vasodilator

D-Mannitol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexanitrate: INACTIVE

Not approved in the United States /for therapeutic use/