1-ブロモ-3-クロロ-5,5-ジメチルヒダントイン

When handling or dealing with spills, use impact-resistant goggles with side shields, or face shield, body-covering clothes, including impervious rubber or plastic gloves and boots; use a dust respirator if dusting occurs. Sweep up dry spills and dispose of as described for pesticide disposal. If drum contents are contaminated or decomposing, do not reseal container; isolate unsealed drum in the open or in a well-ventilated area; flood with large volumes of water if necessary. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

PESTICIDE DISPOSAL: Pesticide wastes are acutely hazardous. Improper disposal of excess pesticide, spray mixture, or rinsate is a violation of Federal law. If these wastes cannot be disposed of by use according to label instructions, contact your State Pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, or the Hazardous Waste representative at the nearest EPA Regional Office for guidance. CONTAINER DISPOSAL: Triple rinse (or equivalent). Then offer for recycling or reconditioning, or puncture and dispose of in a sanitary landfill or by incineration or, if allowed by state and local authorities, by burning. If burned stay our of smoke. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

This product is toxic to fish and aquatic organisms. Do not contaminate water by cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes. Do not discharge effluent containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries, oceans, or other waters unless in accordance with the requirements of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit and the permitting authority has been notified in writing prior to discharge. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner such that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Do not smoke, drink, or eat when handling. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Use with adequate ventilation. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before re-use. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

4.2 [mg/m3]

46 [mg/m3]

280 [mg/m3]

SRP: When working with strong solutions of acids or bases or other caustic or corrosive materials, always wear a full face mask. When working with caustic or corrosive gases or vapors, a full face mask will not protect the eyes or prevent inhaling the material. A full face respirator is required.

Do not breathe dust or spray mist. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Prolonged or frequently repeated skin contact may cause allergic reactions in some individuals. Wear goggles with side-shields, face shield or safely glasses; protective clothing and rubber gloves. Wear a mask or pesticide respirator jointly approved by MSHA and NIOSH jointly. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

EYES: irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. INGESTION: do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water (never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person). Seek immediate medical advice. SKIN: should be treated immediately by rinsing the affected parts in cold running water for at least 15 minutes, followed by thorough washing with soap and water. If necessary, the person should shower and change contaminated clothing and shoes, and then must seek medical attention. INHALATION: supply fresh air. If required provide artificial respiration.

Corrosive. Acute exposure causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Eye contact may cause loss of vision. Irritating to nose and throat and may be fatal if large quantities are inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through skin or swallowed. Can cause contact dermatitis through exposure in swimming pools. It is not carcinogenic or mutagenic.

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 18 weeks; oral 1839 mg/kg (95% confidence interval: 1350-2250 mg/kg)

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 6 months; oral 1070 mg/kg (95% confidence interval: 781-1542 mg/kg)

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 9 months; oral >2250 mg/kg

LD50; Species: Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite) age 27 weeks; oral >2150 mg/kg

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for 1-BROMO-3-CHLORO-5,5-DIMETHYLHYDANTOIN (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its estimated vapor pressure, 3.5X10-6 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1500 mg/L(3). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure(2). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is susceptible to rapid abiotic hydrolysis in the presence of water(4,5). The initial hydrolysis forms HOBr and monochloro 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) with the monochloro DMH further hydrolyzing to form HOCl and DMH(5). Therefore, abiotic hydrolysis is expected to be a major fate process in moist soils(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2014).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its estimated vapor pressure, 3.5X10-6 mm Hg(2), and water solubility, 1500 mg/L(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from a log Kow of 0.35(4) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is susceptible to rapid abiotic hydrolysis in the presence of water(6,7). The initial hydrolysis forms HOBr and monochloro 5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMH) with the monochloro DMH further hydrolyzing to form HOCl and DMH(7). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2014).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 3.5X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.1X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(2). Particulate-phase 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) is a free-flowing, white powder with a faint halogen odor. It is used as a germicide and fungicide in treatment of water, disinfectant, halogenating agent, catalyst of ionic type, selective oxidant. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Eye contact may cause loss of vision. It is irritating to nose and throat and may be fatal if inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through skin or swallowed. A physiotherapist working in hydrotherapy presented to occupational health with irritant contact dermatitis. Subsequent investigation revealed that the likely causative agent was 1-bromo 3-chloro 5,5 dimethylhydantoin which was used to disinfect the hydrotherapy pool. Contact allergy should be taken into consideration when patients suffer from swimming pool-associated itchy dermatitis. Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans , according to EPA. ANIMAL STUDIES: The majority of animal studies were conducted with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. There were no oncogenicity effects in experimental animals treated with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. Genotoxicity studies with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin were negative. There were no developmental effects in experimental animals treated with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin. However, in zebrafish embryos exposure to 4 mg/L BCDMH post-fertilization was sufficient to induce a number of developmental malformations, such as edema, axial malformations, and reductions in heart rate and hatching rate. Histopathology showed two types of responses induced by BCDMH, defensive and compensatory. The extreme responses were marked hyperplasia of the gill epithelium with lamellar fusion and epidermal peeling. The histopathologic changes in the gills after 10 days exposure were accompanied by significantly higher catalase activity and lipid peroxidation. These results have important implications for studies on the toxicity and use of BCDMH and its analogs. EPA reregistration for halohydantoins (September 2007) is based on generic data developed on the breakdown products, dimethylhydantoin (DMH) and ethylmethylhydantoin (EMH).

BCDMH likely causes tissue irritation through its breakdown products (hypochlorous acid and hypobromous acid) which, on their own, can cause local irritation. 5,5-dimethylhydantoin is also produced spontaneously from BCDMH decomposition and hydantoins are also known to be allergens.

The halohydantoins were first registered in October 1961. There are currently 114 active products containing a halohydantoin registered under Section 3 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA). In 1987, EPA issued a Data Call-In (DCI) for antimicrobial products, which covered the halohydantoins. In response to this DCI, generic toxicology, environmental fate and ecotoxicity data were submitted. Generic data were developed on the breakdown products, dimethylhydantoin (DMH) and ethylmethylhydantoin (EMH). The primary reason for developing generic data on DMH and EMH rather than the entire halohydantoin molecule is that these ring structures represent the persistent component of the halohydantoins. A secondary reason for evaluating the halohydantoin moieties is that the corrosive properties of the released halogens would limit the amount of chemical that could be administered to laboratory animals; thereby precluding a meaningful evaluation of the halohydantoin moieties. The Agency also determined that data developed on DMH was applicable to EMH and vice versa. The basis for this decision was the similarity of the chemical structure of these two chemicals and the similarity of results from studies conducted on both the DMH and EMH compounds.[USEPA/Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document for Halohydantoins p. 4 EPA 739-R-07-001 (September 2007). Available from, as of October 16, 2014: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

EPA has released the first beta version (version 0.5) of the Interactive Chemical Safety for Sustainability (iCSS) Dashboard. The beta version of the iCSS Dashboard provides an interactive tool to explore rapid, automated (or in vitro high-throughput) chemical screening data generated by the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) project and the federal Toxicity Testing in the 21st century (Tox21) collaboration. /The title compound was tested by ToxCast and/or Tox21 assays; Click on the "Chemical Explorer" button on the tool bar to see the data./[USEPA; ICSS Dashboard Application; Available from, as of June 27, 2014: http://actor.epa.gov/dashboard/]

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage and skin burns. Eye contact may cause loss of vision. Irritating to nose and throat and may be fatal if inhaled. Harmful if absorbed through skin or swallowed. /98% 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin/

/CASE REPORTS/ A physiotherapist working in hydrotherapy presented to occupational health with irritant contact dermatitis. Subsequent investigation revealed that the likely causative agent was 1-bromo 3-chloro 5,5 dimethylhydantoin which was used to disinfect the hydrotherapy pool...

/CASE REPORTS/ BACKGROUND: Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (BCDMH) is a chemical used as a disinfectant for recreational water. BCDMH was described as being responsible for an epidemic of irritant contact dermatitis in the UK (1983), and its sensitizing capacity was also discussed. The aim of this study was to assess whether BCDMH used to disinfect swimming pools and spas can cause allergic contact dermatitis among its users. Ten patients suffering from dermatitis associated with using swimming pools disinfected with BCDMH and 40 controls were studied. Several dilutions of BCDMH, 10% to 1 ppm, were patch tested. All 10 patients studied showed a positive patch test reaction to BCDMH 1% in petrolatum. At least one case showed occupational relevance, with a positive reaction even at 1 ppm. On the basis of the clinical findings, the positive patch test reactions to BCDMH, and the negative patch test reactions in controls, the suggested diagnosis was allergic contact dermatitis caused by BCDMH used as a disinfectant in the swimming pool water. Contact allergy should be taken into consideration when patients suffer from swimming pool-associated itchy dermatitis.

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Cancer Classification: Not Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans

1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's production and use as a disinfectant in industrial water treatment, in commercial and residential swimming pools, spas and hot tubs and as sanitizer for treatment of toilet bowl water in homes(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin's use as a molluscicide(2) and as an ingredient in hydraulic fracturing(3) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

The Agency has completed its assessment of the dietary, occupational, drinking water and ecological risks associated with the use of pesticide products containing the active ingredient halohydantoins. Based on a review of these data and on public comments on t he Agency's assessments for the active ingredient halohydantoin, the Agency has sufficient information on the human health and ecological effects of halohydantoins to make decisions as p art of the tolerance reassessment process under FFDCA and reregistration process under FIFRA, as amended by FQPA. The Agency has determined that products containing halohydantoins are eligible for reregistration provided that: (i) current data gaps and confirmatory data needs a readdressed; (ii) the risk mitigation measures outlined in this document are adopted; and (iii) label amendments are made to reflect these measures. ... Based on its evaluation of halohydantoins, the Agency has determined that halohydantoins products, unless labeled and used as specified in this document, would present risks inconsistent with FIFRA. Accordingly, should a registrant fail to implement any of the risk mitigation measures identified in this document, the Agency may take regulatory action to address the risk concerns from the use of halohydantoins. If all changes outlined in this document are incorporated into the product labels, then all current risks for halohydantoins will be substantially mitigated for the purposes of this determination.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. 1-Bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is found on List C. Case No: 3055; Pesticide type: fungicide, herbicide, antimicrobial; Case Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the RED document.; Active ingredient (AI): 1-bromo-3-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 05/03/93; AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner.