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Metals -> Metals, Organic Compounds

Carcinogens

39 °F (8-10% solution in toluene) (NTP, 1992)

39 °F (8-10% solution in toluene)

Nickelocene is a dark liquid in an 8-10% solution in toluene. Insoluble in water. (NTP, 1992)

Dark liquid in an 8-10% solution in toluene; [CAMEO] Dark green crystals; [Hawley]

Danger

H228 (91.7%): Flammable solid [Danger Flammable solids]

P203, P210, P240, P241, P261, P264, P270, P272, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P318, P321, P330, P333+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 48 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity

Restricted substance: Bis(η5-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)nickel

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Toxic after inhalation or skin absorption; [Hawley] Toxic by ingestion; LD50 (rat) = 490 mg/kg; May cause skin sensitization; [MSDSonline] There is limited evidence that nickelocene is carcinogenic in experimental animals; [IARC] See Nickel and linked occupational diseases. See ORGANOMETALS.

Organometallics, such as NICKELOCENE, are reactive with many other groups. Incompatible with acids and bases. Organometallics are good reducing agents and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Often reactive with water to generate toxic or flammable gases.

Flam. Sol. 1 (91.7%)

Carcinogens

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with toluene followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do no reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

The most common harmful health effect of nickel in humans is an allergic reaction. This usually manifests as a skin rash, although some people experience asthma attacks. Long term inhahation of nickel causes chronic bronchitis and reduced lung function, as well as damage to the naval cavity. Ingestion of excess nickel results in damage to the stomach, blood, liver, kidneys, and immune system, as well as having adverse effects on reproduction and development. (L41)

Nickel is known to substitute for other essential elements in certain enzmes, such as calcineurin. It is genotoxic, and some nickel compounds have been shown to promote cell proliferation. Nickel has a high affinity for chromatin proteins, particularly histones and protamines. The complexing of nickel ions with heterochromatin results in a number of alterations including condensation, DNA hypermethylation, gene silencing, and inhibition of histone acetylation, which have been shown to disturb gene expression. Nickel has also been shown to alter several transcription factors, including hypoxia-inducible transcription factor, activating transcription factor, and NF-KB transcription factor. There is also evidence that nickel ions inhibit DNA repair, either by directly inhibiting DNA repair enzymes or competing with zinc ions for binding to zinc-finger DNA binding proteins, resulting in structural changes in DNA that prevent repair enzymes from binding. Nickel ions can also complex with a number of cellular ligands including amino acids, peptides, and proteins resulting in the generation of oxygen radicals, which induce base damage, DNA strand breaks, and DNA protein crosslinks. (L41, A40)

0.00026

CALEPA

0.0002

CALEPA

1.4e-05

CALEPA

6.00e-01

2.50e+00

1.10e-02

4.70e-02

8.60e-02

4.0E+03(G)

6.00e+01

2.50e+02

4.40e-02

1.80e-01

8.60e+00

4.0E+03 (G)

Nickel is absorbed mainly through the lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Once in the body it enters the bloodstream, where it binds to albumin, L-histidine, and _2-macroglobulin. Nickel tends to accumulate in the lungs, thyroid, kidney, heart, and liver. Absorbed nickel is excreted in the urine, wherease unabsorbed nickel is excreted in the faeces. (L41)

Used as a catalyst and complexing agent; [Hawley]

Also known as bis(cyclopentadienyl)nickel or NiCp2, this bright green paramagnetic solid is found abundantly in nature in laterite ore minerals, such as limonite, garnierite, and pentlandite. Nickel has a biological role and is found in certain enzymes, including urease, hydrogenase, methylcoenzyme M reductase, and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.