アリザリン

解説アリザリン，橙黄色の板状または針状晶．融点290 ℃，沸点430 ℃．水に難溶，熱メタノール，エーテルに易溶，有機溶媒に可溶．アルカリ性で紫色，濃硫酸で赤褐色を呈する．硝酸酸化でフタル酸を，亜鉛末還元でアントラセンを生成する．媒染剤により種々の色に染色される．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）

用途染料、顔料の原料。

来歴In ancient times, alizarin was the preferred red dye. Cloth dyed with it has been found in Egyptian tombs dating 6000 years ago. The dye is found in the madder plant, a member of the Rubiaceae family. In 1944 about 35 species of this plant were known, but the use of more sophisticated analytical methods led to the detection of many more species; by 1984 the number had increased to 50. Alizarin is a mordant dye forming various colored coordination complexes with different metallic salts.

使用Alizarin is used widely as a prominent red dye for textile facbrics. Alizarin red is now used in biochemical assay to determine quantitatively by colorimetry, the presence of calcific deposition by ce lls of the osteogenic lineage. Alzarine derivatives was evaluated as new inhibitors of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase associated DNA polymerase and RNase H. Alizarin was also shown to inhibit prolife ration, tumor growth and suppress tumorigenesis in human osteosarcoma and breast cancer cell representative for bone metastasis.

製造方法(a) 2 – Bromoanthraquinone and Potassium hydroxide heating; (b) 9,10-Dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-2-sulfonic acid (Sodium) and Sodium hydroxide and Sodium nitrate and Sodium chlorate heating; (C) Anthracene-9,10-dioneand Sodium hydroxide and Sodium chlorate and Sodium nitrate heating (GP 186526); (d) in the presence of Sodium nitrite and Sodium hydroxide and Anthracene-9,10-dioneand Sodium nitrate heating (GP 241806245 987); (e) in the Oxidant and Sodium sulfite and the presence of lime, anthracene in a nitrocellulose derivatives and Sodium hydroxide heating (GP 292247); (f) 2 – Anthraquinonesulfonic acid in the presence of air, with the Sodium hydroxide Etanol wetting treatment (GP 287270); (g) 2-Chloroanthracene-9,10-dione Sodium chlorate in the presence of alkali fusion for (USP 1744815); (h) 2-Methylanthracene-9,10-dione in the presence of Oxidant, with Sodium hydroxide treatment (BP 293328).

純化方法Alizarin crystallises from glacial acetic acid or 95% EtOH. It can also be sublimed at 110o/2mm. It is an indicator with max at 452nm (pH 5.8) and 520nm (pH 7.2). [Beilstein 8 IV 3256.]

定義alizarin: An orange-red compound,C14H8O4. The compound is a derivativeof anthraquinone, with hydroxylgroups substituted at the 1and 2 positions. It is an importantdyestuff producing red or violetlakes with metal hydroxide.Alizarin occurs naturally as the glucosidein madder. It can be synthesizedby heating anthraquinone withsodium hydroxide.