亜りん酸ジエチル

Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist. Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking. Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas.

12 [mg/m3]

130 [mg/m3]

770 [mg/m3]

/The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) is an international treaty which bans the development, production, stockpiling, and transfer or use of chemical weapons. The Convention mandates the destruction and prohibition of chemical weapons and related facilities and provides for restrictions on international trade in toxic chemicals and precursors./ The Convention's monitoring and verification measures involve submission of declarations regarding ... /Schedule 1, 2, and 3 chemicals/ and inspections by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons of the facilities where these chemicals are produced. ... Schedule 3 chemicals ... /may/ have been stockpiled or used as weapons, but ... are produced /and used/ in large quantities for purposes not prohibited by the Convention (2). Diethyl phosphite is listed in the CWC Annex on Chemicals under Schedule 3 (1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 12(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that diethyl hydrogen phosphite is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of diethyl hydrdogen phosphite from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Hydrolysis in moist soil occurs under both acidic and basic conditions(4). Final hydrolysis products include ethanol and phosphorous acid or its salts(4). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite, when released to water, will hydrolyze to the monoester with half-lives of 44 and 87 days at 25 and 20 °C, respectively(5). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.2 mm Hg(6). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2013).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 12(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that diethyl hydrdogen phosphite is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.6 and 59 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -0.15(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Hydrolysis of diethyl phosphite can occur under both acidic and basic conditions(6). Final hydrolysis products include ethanol and phosphorous acid or its salts(1). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite, when released to water, will hydrolyze to the monoester with half-lives of 44 and 87 days at 25 and 20 °C, respectively(7). Shorter half-lives will occur under basic conditions(8,9). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2013).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), diethyl hydrogen phosphite, which has a vapor pressure of 11.2 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase diethyl hydrogen phosphite is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 7 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(4).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of diethyl hydrogen phosphite can be estimated to be 12(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that diethyl hydrogen phosphite is expected to have very high mobility in soil. Diethyl hydrogen phosphite may leach, possibly reaching groundwater where it will hydrolyze completely(3-7).

Diethyl hydrogen phosphite's production and use as a paint solvent, lubricant additive, antioxidant, reducing agent, intermediate for flame-retardants and insecticide, as a phosphorylating agent(1) and as a Scheduled 3B precursor to several chemical warfare agents(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for diethyl hydrdogen phosphite(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -0.15(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for diethyl hydrdogen phosphite is estimated as 5.8X10-6 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that diethyl hydrdogen phosphite is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.6 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 59 days(SRC). Diethyl hydrdogen phosphite's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 11.2 mm Hg(4).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Neat diethylphosphite has been shown to be mildly irritating to the skin and severely irritating to the eye in rabbits, and to have marked skin sensitizing potential in guinea-pigs.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Diethylphosphite is of low acute toxicity (LD50 rat oral between 3,500 and 5,560 mg/kg body weight, rat dermal between 5,071 and 5,238 mg/kg body weight).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ On 4-week oral administration of diethylphosphite by gavage to rats, the main effect was lung damage, which was possibly treatment-related. The no effect level in this study was 150 mg/kg body weight/day in females and 30 mg/kg body weight/day in males.

/GENOTOXICITY/ Diethylphosphite is not mutagenic in 4 strains in the Salmonella/microsome test with and without metabolic activation at concentrations of up to 5000 ug/plate. It is not clastogenic in the micronucleus test in the mouse.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of diethyl hydrogen phosphite with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 10 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Hydrolysis of diethyl phosphite can occur under both acidic and basic conditions(2). Final hydrolysis products include ethanol and phosphorous acid or its salts(2). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite will hydrolyze in water to the monoester (pH unspecified) with half-lives of 44 and 87 days at 25 and 20 °C, respectively(SRC). These half-lives are calculated from kinetic data obtained at higher temperatures (50-98 °C)(3). The monoester has a half-life of 47 days at 25 °C and 85 days at 20 deg(3). Shorter half-lives will occur under basic conditions(4,5). A hydrolysis rate constant of 0.167X10-5 s-1 at 50 °C in water was reported for diethyl hydrogen phosphite(6), corresponding to a half-life of 115 hours(SRC). Diethyl hydrogen phosphite does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(7).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 505 workers (none of these were female) were potentially exposed to diethyl hydrogen phosphite in the US(1). Occupational exposure to diethyl hydrogen phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where diethyl hydrogen phosphite is produced or used(SRC). Exposure to the general population to diethyl hydrogen phosphite is unlikely, since it is expected to hydrolyze(SRC).

Diethyl hydrogen phosphite's production and use as a paint solvent, lubricant additive, antioxidant, reducing agent, intermediate for flame-retardants and insecticides, as a phosphorylating agent, and as a Scheduled 3B precursor to several chemical warfare agents may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, a vapor pressure of 11.2 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates diethyl hydrogen phosphite will exist solely as a vapor in the atmosphere. Vapor-phase diethyl hydrogen phosphite will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 10 hours. Diethyl hydrogen phosphite does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. If released to soil, diethyl hydrogen phosphite is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 12. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.8X10-6 atm-cu m/mole. Diethyl hydrogen phosphite may volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data in soil or water were not available. If released into water, diethyl hydrogen phosphite is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Hydrolysis occurs under both acidic and basic conditions. Shorter half-lives will occur under basic conditions. Diethyl hydrogen phosphite hydrolyzes to the monoester with half-lives of 44 and 87 days at 25 and 20 °C, respectively. Final hydrolysis products include ethanol and phosphorous acid or its salts. Occupational exposure to diethyl hydrogen phosphite may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where diethyl hydrogen phosphite is produced or used. Exposure to the general population to diethyl hydrogen phosphite is unlikely, since it is expected to hydrolyze. (SRC)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/

/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

LD50 Rat oral 3900 mg/kg

LD50 Rabbit dermal 2165 mg/kg

LD50 rat dermal between 5,071 and 5,238 mg/kg b.w.

LD50 rat oral between 3,500 and 5,560 mg/kg b.w.