2-Chloropropane

Log Kow = 1.90

1.9

0.8617 at 68 °F (NTP, 1992) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8617 @ 20 °C

% IN SATURATED AIR: 68.7 @ 25 °C; DENSITY OF SATURATED AIR: 2.18 (AIR= 1)

0.868 @ 15°C

Miscible with alcohol, ether

SOL IN BENZENE

SOL IN METHANOL

In water = 3,050 mg/l at 25 °C

-26 °F (NTP, 1992)

-32 °C

-26 °F (-32 °C) (CLOSED CUP)

96.33 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

35.7 °C

34.8 °C @760 [mm Hg]

-178.9 °F (NTP, 1992)

-117.2 °C

-117 °C

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Danger

H225 (97.4%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: Propane, 2-chloro-

Status: Active Update: 22-06-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15853

Propane, 2-chloro-: HSNO Approval: HSR001110 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: Fire hazard: Highly dangerous; when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers. Explosion hazard: Moderate when exposed to heat or flame. (NTP, 1992)

· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin.

Highly flammable liquid that poses a fire and explosion risk; [Hawley] May cause irritation or burns to skin and eyes; High concentrations may have narcotic effect; [CAMEO] An irritant; May be absorbed through skin; Effects in high-dose animal studies include cyanosis; [MSDSonline] Classified as a non-irritant of the eyes by EEC guidelines; [AIHA]

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. propane, 2-chloro- is included on this list.

Halogenated aliphatic compounds, such as 2-CHLOROPROPANE, are moderately or very reactive. Halogenated organics generally become less reactive as more of their hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen atoms. Low molecular weight haloalkanes are highly flammable and can react with some metals to form dangerous products. Materials in this group are incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents. Also, they are incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROPROPANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

General First Aid:

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame -- consider evaucation of one-third (1/3) mile radius.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amount of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.

Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation from downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

156 [ppm]

1700 [ppm]

10000 [ppm]

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: When working with this chemical, wear a NIOSH-approved full face chemical cartridge respirator equipped with the appropriate organic vapor cartridges. If that is not available, a half face respirator similarly equipped plus airtight goggles can be substituted. However, please note that half face respirators provide a substantially lower level of protection than do full face respirators.

Personnel protection: ... Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots, and goggles.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 2-chloropropane will have high mobility in soil(SRC). Hydrolysis in moist soils may occur(SRC) with a measured half-life of 38 days in aqueous solution at pH 7 and 25 °C(4). Volatilization of 2-chloropropane should be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.8X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(5). Volatilization from dry soil surfaces(SRC) is expected based on a measured vapor pressure of 515.3 mm Hg(5).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 53(SRC), determined from a measured water solubility(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(1), indicates that 2-chloropropane should not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Hydrolysis is expected to occur with a measured half-life of 38 days in aqueous solution at pH 7 and 25 °C(3). 2-Chloropropane should volatilize from water surfaces(1,SRC) based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.8X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for water solubility(2) and vapor pressure(4). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3 hours and 4 days, respectively(1,SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF value of 16(1,SRC), from a measured log Kow(6), suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 2-chloropropane, which has a measured vapor pressure of 515.3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 2-chloropropane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 17 days(3,SRC).

The Koc of 2-chloropropane is estimated as approximately 53(SRC), using a measured water solubility of 3050 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 2-chloropropane has high mobility in soil(SRC).

2-Chloropropane (CAS# 75-29-6) was evaluated for eye irritation. The test substance was administered to rabbits (strain, sex, number, and dosage regime was not provided). Slight pain and slight conjunctival irritation was present in unwashed eyes. Very slight pain and conjunctival irritation was present in washed eyes. All eyes began to heal within 48-hours. No further information was provided.

2-Chloropropane (CAS# 75-29-6) was evaluated for acute inhalation toxicity. The test substance was administered to 3 rats per group (sex and strain not provided) at a saturated concentration for 6-minutes or 8000 ppm for 4-hours. At the saturated concentration, all animals were anesthetized in 3-minutes and died within 6-minutes. At 8000 ppm, animals were very slightly depressed at end of exposure. No further information was provided.

2-Chloropropane (CAS# 75-29-6) was evaluated for chronic toxicity. The test substance was administered to 10 female mice at a concentration of 1000 ppm for 127 seven-hour exposures, 5 times a week, for 181-days. There was no evidence of treatment-related effects in respect to clinical findings, but microscopic findings concluded tissue changes in the liver (slight to marked necrosis of the parenchymal cells in the portal area) and the kidney (tubular degeneration of the epithelium with some necrosis).

2-Chloropropane (CAS# 75-29-6) was evaluated for chronic toxicity. The test substance was administered to 20 male and female rats at a concentration of 1000 ppm for 127 seven-hour exposures, 5 times a week, for 181-days. There was no evidence of treatment-related effects in respect to clinical findings. But female rats had tissue changes in the liver (slight to marked necrosis of the parenchymal cells in the portal area) and the kidney (tubular degeneration of the epithelium with some necrosis).

For more TSCA Test Submissions (Complete) data for 2-CHLOROPROPANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

An estimated BCF value of 16 was calculated for 2-chloropropane(SRC), using a measured log Kow of 1.90(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 2-chloropropane is estimated as 1.8X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) from its experimental values for vapor pressure, 515.3 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 3050 mg/l(2). This value indicates that 2-chloropropane will volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 3 hours(3,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is estimated as approximately 4 days(3,SRC). 2-Chloropropane's values for vapor pressure(1) and Henry's Law constant(1,2,SRC) indicate that volatilization from dry and moist soil surfaces should occur(SRC).

Rats, rabbits, mice guinea pigs, and monkeys exposed 7 hr/day, 5 days/week for a total of 127 exposures over a period of 181 days survived a level of 1000 ppm in air with normal growth and appearance. Histologic changes in the liver and kidneys and possibly the lungs were observed in some of the species tested. Similar 7 hr exposures of rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs for 6 months to 500 ppm produced no adverse effect by any of the criteria studied including demeanor, appearance, growth, final organ and body weights, hematologic and clinical chemical studies, and gross and histologic examination.

On the open surface of the skin of rabbits, isopropyl chloride caused very little irritation. When it was bandaged on to the skin, some erythema and superficial irritation resulted.

2-CHLOROPROPANE WAS MUTAGENIC IN SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM AFTER METABOLIC ACTIVATION IN THE DESICCATOR ASSAY. THERE WAS NO MUTAGENIC RESPONSE OBSERVED IN STANDARD AMES TEST.

Guinea pigs survived 3 g/kg of body weight but succumbed to 10 g/kg of body weight.

... Isopropyl chloride was mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium when tested in desiccators.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 2-chloropropane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been measured as 0.92X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 17 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). A hydrolysis rate constant of 2.12X10-7/sec was measured for 2-chloropropane at pH 7 and 25 °C; this corresponds to a half-life of 38 days under these conditions(2).

Pursuant to section 8(d) of TSCA, EPA promulgated a model Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule. The section 8(d) model rule requires manufacturers, importers, and processors of listed chemical substances and mixtures to submit to EPA copies and lists of unpublished health and safety studies. propane, 2-chloro- is included on this list.

Isopropyl chloride

1

10000

Flammable chemical that can be released at a facility.

Used as a solvent and intermediate; [Hawley] Has anesthetic properties, but no significant use as such; May be used as an alternative foam-blowing agent; [AIHA]

SOLVENT; INTERMEDIATE

2-Chloropropane can be synthesized by addition of hydrogen chloride to propene using, eg, alumina, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, or tellurium compounds as catalysts. 2-Chloropropane is also formed by reaction of 2-propanol with hydrogen chloride and either zinc chloride or tellurium compounds as catalysts.