Trichlorofluoromethane

log Kow = 2.53

2.53

In concentration of less than 20% (by volume in air), trichlorofluoromethane is odorless, in higher concentration, its odor is mild and somewhat ethereal.

Faint ethereal and sweetish odor

Characteristic; quality: sweet, pleasant to unpleasant

1.49 at 63 °F (NTP, 1992) - Denser than water; will sink

1.494 at 17.2 °C/4 °C /Liquid/

Liquid density: 1.476 g/ml at 25 °C

Critical density: 0.548 g/cu m

Relative density (water = 1): 1.49

1.47

Volatile liquid or gas

Liquid at temperatures below 23.7 °C

Colorless liquid

Colorless to water-white ... liquid or gas (above 75 degrees F)

10 to 50 mg/mL at 64 °F (NTP, 1992)

Insoluble in water

In water, 1,100 mg/L at 25 °C

In water, 1300 mg/L at 20 °C

Soluble in alcohol, ether, other organic solvents

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.1

74.7 °F at 760 mmHg (NTP, 1992)

23.7 °C

24 °C

75 °F

23.7 °C @760 [mm Hg]

75 °F

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 11.6% (8 of 69) of reports.

Warning

H312 (56.5%): Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]

P280, P302+P352, P317, P321, P362+P364, P501, and P502 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 69 reports by companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Danger

Chemical: Methane, trichlorofluoro-

Hazard Traits - Hematotoxicity; Hepatotoxicity and Digestive System Toxicity

Trichlorofluoromethane: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Produces irritating and toxic products when heated to decomposition temperatures. (USCG, 1999)

Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

Fluorotrichloromethane is in the list of Some volatile substances which may be abused by inhalation published on the web site of the U.N. International Drug Control Programme, indicating its potential to cause narcosis in workers. [Reference #1] Evaporating liquid can cause frostbite; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression and cardiac arrhythmias; [ICSC]

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in selfpressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date. DATES: Removal of Part 2.125(e)(2)(iii) and 2.125(e)(4)(vii) is effective June 14, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(v) and 2.125(e)(4)(iv) is effective December 31, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(iii) is effective June 30, 2011. Removal of 2.125(e)(2)(iv) and Part 2.125(e)(4)(viii) is effective December 31, 2013. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/

Use of ozone-depleting substances in foods, drugs, devices, or cosmetics. (a) As used in this section, ozone-depleting substance (ODS) means any class I substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix A to subpart A, or class II substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix B to subpart A. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is not an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act. (c) A food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act if paragraph (e) of this section specifies the use of that product as essential. For drugs, including biologics and animal drugs, and for devices, an investigational application or an approved marketing application must be in effect, as applicable. ... (e) The use of ODSs in the following products is essential: ... (2) Metered-dose short-acting adrenergic bronchodilator human drugs for oral inhalation. Oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers containing the following active moieties: ... (iv) Pirbuterol. ... (4) Other essential uses. (iii) Anesthetic drugs for topical use on accessible mucous membranes of humans where a cannula is used for application. ... (vi) Metered-dose atropine sulfate aerosol human drugs administered by oral inhalation. ... (viii) Metered-dose ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate, in combination, administered by oral inhalation for human use. (ix) Sterile aerosol talc administered intrapleurally by thoracoscopy for human use. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/

Barlow SM, Sullivan FM; Fluorocarbons; Reproductive Hazards of Industrial Chemicals pp.326-33 (1982.).

Edling C, Soderkvist P; Criteria Document for Threshold Limit Values: Fluorocarbons; Arbetarskyddsstyrelsen 171 (84) 38p (1982). A literature survey of the health hazards of fluorocarbons (Freons 11, 12, 22, and 113).

WHO; Environmental Health Criteria 113 Fully Halogenated Chlorofluorocarbons (1990)

Aviado DM; Toxicity of Propellants; Progress Research 18: 365-97 (1974). Available information concerning toxicity of 15 propellants used in aerosols was reviewed.

For more Special Reports (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

U121; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when trichloromonofluoromethane as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

F002; When trichlorofluoromethane is a spent halogenated solvent, it is classified as a hazardous waste from a nonspecific source (F002), as stated in 40 CFR 261.31, and must be managed according to state and/or federal hazardous waste regulations.

(a) After October 15, 1978, no person may manufacture, except to import, any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane for any aerosol propellant use except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (b) After December 15, 1978, no person may import into the customs territory of the United States any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane, whether as a chemical substance or as a component of a mixture or article, for any aerosol propellant use except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (c) Every person manufacturing fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes for aerosol propellant uses after October 15, 1978 must obtain a signed statement ... for aerosol propellant uses permitted under 40 CFR Part 762 or 21 CFR 2.125, or ... for other uses. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

(a) After December 15, 1978, no person may process any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane into any aerosol propellant article except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (b) After December 15, 1978 no person may process any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane into any aerosol propellant article intended for export except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

After December 15, 1978, no person may distribute in commerce any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane for processing into any aerosol propellant article except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

The following aerosol propellant uses of fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes are essential and exempt from 40 CFR 762.45, 40 CFR 762.50 and 40 CFR 762.55: (a) Mercaptan stench warning devices; (b) Release agents for molds used in the production of plastic and elastomeric materials; (c) Flying insect pesticides ... for use in nonresidential food handling areas ... for space spraying of aircraft; (d) Diamond-grit spray; (e) Nonconsumer articles used as cleaner-solvents, lubricants, or coatings for electrical or electronic equipment; (f) Articles necessary for safe maintenance and operation of aircraft; (g) Uses essential to the military preparedness of the United States as determined by the Administrator and the Secretary of Defense; (h) Pharmaceutical rotary tablet press punch lubricants; (i) Automatic timed-release insecticide dispensing system for facilities in which tobacco is stored for three or more years for use from May 18, 1981 to December 31, 1981. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

Special exemptions: (a) Inkless fingerprinting systems until August 1, 1981; (b) ... For producers of pyrethrin pesticide formulations; ... (c) Effective June 1, 1982, Virginia Chemicals Inc. (VCI) may process chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) for incorporation into its automatic timed-release insecticide dispensing A-System customers for use before December 31, 1982 ... . /Fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons/

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Trichloromonofluoromethane is found on List D. Case No: 4042; Pesticide type: insecticide; Case Status: No products containing the pesticide are actively registered ... The case /is characterized/ as "cancelled." Under FIFRA, pesticide producers may voluntarily cancel their registered products. EPA also may cancel pesticide registrations if registrants fail to pay required fees or make/meet certain reregistration commitments, or if EPA reaches findings of unreasonable adverse effects.; Active ingredient (AI): Trichloromonofluoromethane; AI Status: The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled."

Ninety days after publication of this notice the ingredients /including trichloromonofluoromethane/ ... will be removed from Reregistration List D, and all associated registrations will be cancelled ... .

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1000 ppm (5600 mg/cu m).

Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL Ceiling limit 1000 ppm (5600 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 126 [Gases - Compressed or Liquefied (Including Refrigerant Gases)]:

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

ON FROSTBITE: rinse with plenty of water, do NOT remove clothes. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

(General first aid procedures)

Contact with certain finely divided metals may cause exothermic reaction and/or explosive combinations under specific conditions (e.g. very high temperatures and/or appropriate pressures and in the presence of oxygen). Decomposition products include hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, and carbonyl halides.

Firefighters should wear self-contained, NIOSH-approved breathing apparatus for protection against suffocation and possible toxic decomposition products. Proper eye and skin protection should be provided. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool and to knock down vapors which may result from product decomposition.

If material involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty). Keep runoff water out of sewers and water sources.

In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Keep container closed when not in use. DO NOT store in open, unlabeled or mislabeled containers. Store in a cool, well- ventilated area of low fire risk. Protect container and its fittings from physical damage. Storage in subsurface locations should be avoided. Close valve tightly after use and when empty. If container temperature exceeds boiling point, cool the container before opening.

Avoid sources of ignition such as sparks, hot spots, welding flames and lighted cigarettes. At all concentration ranges, exposure of the product to high energy sources may yield toxic and/or corrosive decomposition products.

Separated from incompatible materials. ... Cool.

Always wear recommended personal protective equipment. Immediately evacuate the area and provide maximum ventilation. Try to eliminate all ignition sources. Unprotected personnel should move upwind from spill. Only personnel equipped with proper respiratory and eye/skin protection should be permitted in the area. Dike area to contain the spill. Take precautions as necessary to prevent contamination of ground and surface waters. For large spills, pump material into appropriate containers. For small spills, recover or absorb spilled material using an absorbent designed for chemical spills such as Hazsorb pillows. Place used absorbents into closed DOT approved containers for disposal. After all visible traces have been removed, thoroughly wet vacuum the area. DO NOT flush into sewer. If the area of the spill is porous, removal of contaminated earth/surface may be required.

If fluorotrichloromethane is spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken: 1) Ventilate area of spill or leak. 2) If gas is leaking, stop the flow of gas. 3) If in liquid form, allow to vaporize.

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste numbers U121; F002 must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.

A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A potential candidate for fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids.

Trichlorofluoromethane is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced.

This compound should be susceptible to removal from waste water by air stripping.

For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

7 of 8 samples of mother's milk from 4 urban sites in US positive for trichlorfluoromethane(1). It was detected in 4 of 8 samples of respired air at a range of 0.007 to 0.041 ug/hr, positive subjects having been previously occupationally exposed (laboratory technicians)(2).

The minimal concn that elicited cardiac arrhythmia in the anesthetized monkey was 5% CFC 11 inhaled for less than 5 min. In a group of seven monkeys, two developed ventricular premature beats and atrioventricular block. The sensitivity of the heart to arrhythmia was increased by infusion of epinephrine.

... Focal myocardial necrosis /observed/ in dogs exposed for 2 consecutive days to aerosols containing FC 11 as propellant, & isoproterenol as the bronchodilator drug.

The minimal conc that increases /airway/ resistance in anesthetized mouse is 1%, which is blocked by pretreatment with atropine.

The induction of pentobarbital anesthesia reduced the incidence of arrhythmia and increased the threshold concentration to 10%. CFC 11 Rats that developed cardiac necrosis elicited by isoproterenol injections showed a reduction in threshold concentration to 5%. Likewise, those that developed pulmonary arterial thrombosis showed a similar increase in the proarrhythmic activity of CFC 11. The induction of pulmonary emphysema did not increase cardiac sensitivity. Adrenalectomy or injection of drugs that block cardiac adrenergic receptors protected the heart from CFC 11 induced arrhythmia.

/In humans/ a 10 to 90% mixture of CFC-11 & CFC-12, respectively, caused more severe respiratory effects than either fluorocarbon inhaled singly.

Cardiovascular

Skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.53(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that trichlorofluoromethane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of trichlorofluoromethane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 9.70X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(4). Trichlorofluoromethane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 803 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). Biodegradation in terrestrial systems is not expected under aerobic conditions(6), but may proceed slowly under anaerobic conditions(7).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 160(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 2.53(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that trichlorofluoromethane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(4) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 9.70X10-2 atm-cu m/mole(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(4), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.4 hours and 4.6 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 22(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation in aquatic systems is not expected under aerobic conditions(7), but may proceed slowly under anaerobic conditions(8).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), trichlorofluoromethane, which has a vapor pressure of 803 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a gas in the ambient atmosphere. Trichlorofluoromethane is very stable in the troposphere having a half-life of 52-207 years(3,4). Once in the upper stratosphere, it is dissociated through photolysis, reaction with hydroxyl radical and excited atomic oxygen resulting in the release of chlorine. These chlorine atoms then become part of a catalytic process that contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer(5). In the stratosphere this compound will slowly photolyze to release chlorine atoms which in turn participates in the catalytic removal of stratospheric ozone(6); the ozone depletion potential for trichloroflouromethane is 1.0(7).

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.

inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

Irregular heartbeat. Confusion. Drowsiness. Unconsciousness.

ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE. Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

incoordination, tremor; dermatitis; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest; asphyxia; liquid: frostbite

The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical.[Available from, as of March 1, 2013: http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=75-69-4]

Industries whose raw or treated wastewater exceed an average of 10 ug/L trichlorofluoromethane include: auto and other laundries, electrical components, nonferrous metal manufacturing, coal mining, photographic equipment/supplies and textile mills(1). Maximum levels at or above 100 ppb occurred in textile mills (2100 ppb) auto and other laundries (120 ppb), and nonferrous metal manufacturing (100 ppb)(1). Of 343 industrial effluents sites representing all STORET stations, 0.6% were positive for trichlorofluoromethane, with a median of <5 ppb(2). National Urban Runoff Program (nineteen cities including 11 of the 18 river basins in the contiguous USA - 86 samples) reports a 6% frequency of detection, 0.6-27 ppb(3). The concentration of trichlorofluoromethane in a Los Angeles municipal wastewater was below the detection limit of 0.3 ppb(4).

Trichlorofluoromethane

Cardiovascular

3 x 10 ^-1 mg/kg-day

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in selfpressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date. DATES: Removal of Part 2.125(e)(2)(iii) and 2.125(e)(4)(vii) is effective June 14, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(v) and 2.125(e)(4)(iv) is effective December 31, 2010. Removal of Part 2.125(e)(1)(iii) is effective June 30, 2011. Removal of 2.125(e)(2)(iv) and Part 2.125(e)(4)(viii) is effective December 31, 2013. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/

Use of ozone-depleting substances in foods, drugs, devices, or cosmetics. (a) As used in this section, ozone-depleting substance (ODS) means any class I substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix A to subpart A, or class II substance as defined in 40 CFR part 82, appendix B to subpart A. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, any food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is not an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act. (c) A food, drug, device, or cosmetic that is, consists in part of, or is contained in an aerosol product or other pressurized dispenser that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS under the Clean Air Act if paragraph (e) of this section specifies the use of that product as essential. For drugs, including biologics and animal drugs, and for devices, an investigational application or an approved marketing application must be in effect, as applicable. ... (e) The use of ODSs in the following products is essential: ... (2) Metered-dose short-acting adrenergic bronchodilator human drugs for oral inhalation. Oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers containing the following active moieties: ... (iv) Pirbuterol. ... (4) Other essential uses. (iii) Anesthetic drugs for topical use on accessible mucous membranes of humans where a cannula is used for application. ... (vi) Metered-dose atropine sulfate aerosol human drugs administered by oral inhalation. ... (viii) Metered-dose ipratropium bromide and albuterol sulfate, in combination, administered by oral inhalation for human use. (ix) Sterile aerosol talc administered intrapleurally by thoracoscopy for human use. /Ozone-Depleting Substances/

U121; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when trichloromonofluoromethane as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

F002; When trichlorofluoromethane is a spent halogenated solvent, it is classified as a hazardous waste from a nonspecific source (F002), as stated in 40 CFR 261.31, and must be managed according to state and/or federal hazardous waste regulations.

(a) After October 15, 1978, no person may manufacture, except to import, any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane for any aerosol propellant use except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (b) After December 15, 1978, no person may import into the customs territory of the United States any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane, whether as a chemical substance or as a component of a mixture or article, for any aerosol propellant use except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (c) Every person manufacturing fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes for aerosol propellant uses after October 15, 1978 must obtain a signed statement ... for aerosol propellant uses permitted under 40 CFR Part 762 or 21 CFR 2.125, or ... for other uses. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

(a) After December 15, 1978, no person may process any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane into any aerosol propellant article except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59; (b) After December 15, 1978 no person may process any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane into any aerosol propellant article intended for export except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

After December 15, 1978, no person may distribute in commerce any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane for processing into any aerosol propellant article except ... for use in an article which is a food, food additive, drug, cosmetic, or device exempted under 15 U.S.C. 2602 (21 CFR 2.125) ... for those essential uses listed in 40 CFR 762.58 ... for exempted uses listed in 40 CFR 762.59. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

The following aerosol propellant uses of fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes are essential and exempt from 40 CFR 762.45, 40 CFR 762.50 and 40 CFR 762.55: (a) Mercaptan stench warning devices; (b) Release agents for molds used in the production of plastic and elastomeric materials; (c) Flying insect pesticides ... for use in nonresidential food handling areas ... for space spraying of aircraft; (d) Diamond-grit spray; (e) Nonconsumer articles used as cleaner-solvents, lubricants, or coatings for electrical or electronic equipment; (f) Articles necessary for safe maintenance and operation of aircraft; (g) Uses essential to the military preparedness of the United States as determined by the Administrator and the Secretary of Defense; (h) Pharmaceutical rotary tablet press punch lubricants; (i) Automatic timed-release insecticide dispensing system for facilities in which tobacco is stored for three or more years for use from May 18, 1981 to December 31, 1981. /Fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkanes/

Special exemptions: (a) Inkless fingerprinting systems until August 1, 1981; (b) ... For producers of pyrethrin pesticide formulations; ... (c) Effective June 1, 1982, Virginia Chemicals Inc. (VCI) may process chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) for incorporation into its automatic timed-release insecticide dispensing A-System customers for use before December 31, 1982 ... . /Fully halogenated chlorofluorocarbons/

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Trichloromonofluoromethane is found on List D. Case No: 4042; Pesticide type: insecticide; Case Status: No products containing the pesticide are actively registered ... The case /is characterized/ as "cancelled." Under FIFRA, pesticide producers may voluntarily cancel their registered products. EPA also may cancel pesticide registrations if registrants fail to pay required fees or make/meet certain reregistration commitments, or if EPA reaches findings of unreasonable adverse effects.; Active ingredient (AI): Trichloromonofluoromethane; AI Status: The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled."

Ninety days after publication of this notice the ingredients /including trichloromonofluoromethane/ ... will be removed from Reregistration List D, and all associated registrations will be cancelled ... .

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Trichlorofluoromethane is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 5000 lb or 2270 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

(AZ) ARIZONA 2100 ug/l

(CT) CONNECTICUT 1,300 ug/l

(FL) FLORIDA 2100 ug/L

(ME) MAINE 2100 ug/l

For more State Drinking Water Guidelines (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... The mechanism of FC-11 cardiotoxicity ... /originates/ from irritation of the respiratory tract which in turn reflexly influences the heart rate even prior to absorption of the fluorocarbon, followed by direct depression of the heart after absorption. FC-11 causes only depression of respiratory minute volume that is not preceded by stimulation of breathing. There is ultimate cessation of respiration, which is a manifestation of generalized depression of the CNS by FC-11.

The distribution half-life of the common fluorocarbons (Freon 11, Freon 12) averages 13 to 14 seconds; the elimination half-life is longer (1.5 hours) because of slower release from fat stores.

... Fluorotrichloromethane (R-11) concentrations in urine--in contrast to blood or alveolar air--depend on the dose taken up. After termination of exposure, R-11 concentrations in alveolar air and in blood are excreted with biological half-lives of seven and eleven minutes respectively during the first phase of elimination and with 1.8 and 1.0 hr respectively during the second phase of elimination. ...

Volunteers exposed to CFC-11 at 3751 mg/cu m (657 ppm) for 150-210 min showed half-lives for the initial and second phases of elimination from venous blood of 11 min and 1 hr respectively. Half-lives for the initial and second phases of CFC-11 elimination in alveolar air were 7 min and 1.8 hr, respectively.

...Analysis of the human data also utilized a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model and found initial elimination half-times from blood and alveolar air of 7 and 11 minutes, respectively and half-times for the slow elimination phase from blood and alveolar air of 1.8 to 1.0 hour.

Analyses of a two-compartment pharmacokinetic model in dogs found an initial elimination half-time of 0.6 +/- 0.25 minute.

Dogs /were/ exposed for 6-20 minutes to levels of </= 5000 ppm of radiolabeled CFC-11. Virtually all was recovered unchanged within 1 hr. Traces od labeled CO2 were found in the expired air ans may have represented impurities in the test sample. The authors concluded that <1% of the inhaled dose of CFC-11 was metabolised.

When trichlorofluoromethane was inhaled by humans, recovery of intact cmpd in exhaled air was 79-99% & in urine, 0.07-0.09%, & metabolites amt to 0.2% or less ... .

Rat-liver microsomes dechlorinate trichlorofluoromethane to dichlorofluoromethane. This reaction ... is mediated via the hepatic microsomal P450 enzyme system. Trichlorofluoromethane & dichlorofluoromethane admin as high acute inhalation dosages were expired unchanged by both dogs & rabbits.

Theoretical metabolites of trichlorofluoromethane are dichlorofluoromethane & tetrachlorodifluoroethane. No evidence of free-radical formation in rats or mice has been shown; nor is there evidence of significant metabolism of trichlorofluoromethane ...

For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Pulmonary uptake of inhaled CFC-11 by rabbits and dogs is prompt. Peak circulating concentrations after exposure at 4500 to 5000 ppm were achieved in 15 seconds with steady-state reached at 20 minutes. Elimination is relatively rapid. Dogs exhaled within 1 hr essentially all the CFC-11 inhaled during a 6 to 20 min exposure at 5,000 ppm. Inhaled CFC-11 was promptly detected in blood, cerebrospinal fluid, bile, and urine of anesthetized rabbits and dogs ... . Unanesthetized dogs exposed to 1,000-10,000 ppm for 10 minutes showed a rapid rise in blood conc of CFC-11 during the first 5 min, which was followed by a rapid and then more gradual decline after exposure.

In male and female adult humans, 79% to 100% of inhaled (14)C-CFC-11 was exhaled within the first hour after a 7- or 17- minute inhalation at 1000 ppm. Only 0.12% of the inhaled compound was recovered as the carbon dioxide metabolite and only 0.08% appeared in the urine. At 30 minutes, retention of the labeled dose (approximately 7 mg Cl-CFC-11) inhaled in a single breath was 23% versus 10%, 20%, and 12% for comparable doses of CFC-12 1,1,2-trichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113), and dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114), respectively.

Radiocarbon-labeled trichlorofluoromethane (FC-11; (14)CC13F) and dichlorodifluormethane (FC-12; (14)CC12F2) were separately inhaled by a female subject and a male subject. A predetermined volume of fluorocarbon (1000 ppm; 100 muCi) in air was delivered through a non-rebreathing system and a tight-fitting face mask for 7-17 minutes. Total expired gases were collected during fluorocarbon exposure and afterward until no radioactivity was detectable. Expired (14)CO2 and (14)C-fluorocarbon were assayed. Urine was collected for 72 hours and assayed for nonvolatile radioactivity. Total recoveries of FC-11 were 99.5 and 79.4 per cent in the woman and the man, respectively. Total recoveries of FC-12 were 95.4 and 103.2 per cent. Traces of radioactivity were found in urine (FC-11, 0.07 and 0.09 per cent; FC-12, 0.02 and 0.03 per cent) and in exhaled carbon dioxide (FC-11, 0.13 and 0.10 per cent; FC-12, 0.08 per cent in both subjects). Total metabolites were equal to or less than 0.2 per cent of the administered dose. The amount of radioactivity in urine was insufficient to permit identification of possible fluorocarbon metabolites. The trace of metabolites could be products of radiolabeled impurities.

A free compartment open model was proposed for disposition of iv trichlorofluoromethane in dogs with average half-lives of 3.2, 16 and 93 min for 3 disposition phases. Tissue compartment distribution following a single dose showed that about 2 hr were required to achieve pseudo distribution equilibrium, following which more than 90% of the drug remaining in the body was retained in tissue compartments.The volume of distribution was approximately 6 times the body weight in terms of blood concn and about 30% of the propellant was cleared from blood passing through the lungs in each cycle. Disposition of propellant followed dose independent kinetics after multiple dosing, and accumulation in tissues continued for a much longer period, resulting in high tissue compartment levels.

For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (15 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CFC-11 has been used as a blowing agent, a refrigerant, and an aerosol propellant. [ACGIH] Used in photography (film cleaner); [www.ci.tucson.az.us/arthazards/medium.html]

See CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS

Photographic Processing [Category: Other]

For trichlorofluoromethane (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 000013) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ... "cancelled."

In refrigeration machinery requiring a refrigerant effective at negative pressures; as aerosol propellant /Former use/

Chlorofluoroalkanes (and also the alternative HCFCs and HFCs) produced on an industrial scale are subject to stringent standards. Impurities must not exceed the following limits (vol %): acids, 0; moisture, <0.001; higher-boiling fractions, <0.05; and other gases, 2. /Chlorofluoroalkanes/

(1978) 2.40X10+9 G (INCLUDES FLUOROCARBON 12)

(1982) 1.30X10+9 G (INCLUDES FLUOROCARBON 12)

(1985) 9.68X10+9 g

(1984) 3.95X10+9 g /COMBINATION OF TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE & DICHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE/

(1978) 8.80X10+10 G

(1982) 6.40X10+10 G

(1988) 249,012,000 lb

(1989) 87,335,000 lb

For more U.S. Production (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Refrigeration/air conditioning, 43%; foam blowing agents, 20%; polymer precursors, 13%; solvent cleaning, 12% aerosol propellants, 2%; medical equipment sterilization, 3%; other, 7%. (1991). /Estimates are for CFC-11,-12,-113,-114,-115 and HCFC-22 only/

REFRIGERANTS, 39%; FOAM BLOWING AGENTS, 17%; SOLVENTS, 14%; FLUOROPOLYMERS, 14%; STERILANT GAS, 2%; AEROSOL PROPELLANTS, 2%; FOOD FREEZANT, 1%; OTHER, 8%; EXPORTS, 3% (1985) /FLUOROCARBONS/

Carbon tetrachloride is reacted with antimony trifluoride in the presence of a small quantity of antimony pentachloride. The reaction produces a mixture of CCl3F and CCl2F2, which is readily separable by fractional distillation.

From carbon tetrachloride and hafnium, in the presence of fluorinating agents such as antimony tri- and penta-fluoride.

Carbon tetrachloride + hydrogen fluoride (Halogen exchange; coproduced with dichlorodifluormethane)

Natural gas + chlorine + hydrogen fluoride (Montedison single- step process; coproduced with dichlorodifluoromethane)

The most important commercial method for manufacturing CFCs and HCFCs is the successive replacement of chlorine by fluorine using hydrogen fluoride. The traditional, liquid-phase process uses antimony pentafluoride or a mixture of antimony trifluoride and chlorine as catalysts. Continuous vapor-phase processes that employ gaseous hydrogen fluoride in the presence of heterogenous chromium, iron, or fluorinated alumina catalysts also are widely used. Carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, and hexachloroethane (or tetrachloroethylene plus chlorine) are commonly used starting materials for one- and two-carbon chlorofluorocarbons. The extent of chlorine exchange can be controlled by varying the hydrogen fluoride concentration, the contact time, or the reaction temperature. /Chlorofluorocarbons and Hydrochlorofluorocarbons/

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 000013; Trade Names: Freon 11; Propellent 11; Frigen 11; Halon 11; FC 11; Khaladon 11; Kaltron 11; Isotron 11; Eskimon 11; and Genetron 11. /Former trade names/

Technical, 99.9% min

Methane, trichlorofluoro-: ACTIVE

SRP: The EPA has organized groups of chemicals into two classes according to their ozone-depletion potential. Class I controlled substances are those with an ozone-depletion potential of 0.2 or higher. Class II controlled substances are those with an ozone-potential of less than 0.2. Class II controlled substances are all hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs).

In the United States, "Class I" substances were subject to the first round of phaseout targets. Class I substances have an ozone depletion potential (ODP) of 0.2 or higher, and include halons, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methyl chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl bromide. Section 604 of the Clean Air Act sets the phaseout targets for Class I substances. The ban on production and import of halons took effect on January 1, 1994. The ban on production and import of other Class I ODS /ozone-depleting substance/ - excluding methyl bromide - took effect on January 1, 1996.

The numbers in the "ODP1" column are from the Montreal Protocol. Some numbers have been updated as per amendments to the protocol. The "ODP2" column numbers are from the stratospheric ozone protection regulations at 40 CFR Part 82, as required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. These numbers include the amendments of July 18, 2003 (68 FR 42892). Data in the "ODP3" column come from WMO's /World Meteorological Organization/ Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. ODP values listed are semi-empirical and can be found in Table 8-1 of the document. All GWP values represent global warming potential over a 100-year time horizon. The numbers in the "GWP1" column are from Table 1-6 of The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 2002, a report of the World Meteorological Association's Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project. The GWPs in the "GWP1" column that were not provided Table 1-6 of the 2002 report have not been updated since 1998 and are from The Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion, 1998. "GWP2" column numbers are from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report: Climate Change 2001, and "GWP3" column numbers are from 40 CFR Part 82, stratospheric ozone protection regulations required by Title VI of the Clean Air Act amendments. The data in the "GWP4" column come from the IPCC Special Report on Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System: Issues related to Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons ("SROC"). The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 2.7 in the document. The numbers in the "GWP5" column come from the WMO's Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2006. The values listed are for direct radiative forcing and can be found in Table 8-2 of the document.

Genetron aerosol propellants; Genetron 11 = trichloromonofluoromethane /discontinued by Allied Chem Corp, Specialty Chem Division/

For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.