ジベレリン

Plant Growth Regulators

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Approved

Pesticides -> Plant Growth Regulators

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

log Kow = 0.24

0.24

0.24

Crystals from ethyl acetate

Fine white powder at 23 °C

Slightly soluble (NTP, 1992)

Very sol in water /sodium, potassium and ammonium salts

Slightly sol in ether; freely sol in ethanol, methanol, acetone; moderately sol in ethyl acetate; sol in aq soln of sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate

Soluble in aqueous alkalis. Slightly soluble in diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. Insoluble in chloroform

Very soluble in acetone, ethanol, and methanol

In water, 5,000 mg/L at 25 °C

451 to 455 °F (DECOMPOSES) (NTP, 1992)

233-235 °C (effervescence)

234 °C

This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 37.9% (97 of 256) of reports.

Warning

H319 (61.3%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]

P264+P265, P273, P280, P305+P351+P338, P337+P317, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Aggregated GHS information provided per 256 reports by companies from 5 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Commission Regulation (EC) No 2229/2004

2008/127, Reg (EU) 2025/2313 , Reg. (EU) 2017/195, Reg. (EU) 2020/1160, Reg. (EU) 2021/745, Reg. (EU) 2022/708, Reg. (EU) 2023/1446, Reg. (EU) 2025/787, Reg. (EU) No 540/2011

Gibberellic acid (> 90% A3): Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard

Gibberellic acid and its potassium salt is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient. The food additive gibberellic acid and its potassium salt may be used in the malting of barley in accordance with prescribed conditions.

USEPA/Office of Pesticide Programs; Reregistration Eligibility Decision Document -Gibberellic Acids. EPA 738-r-96-005. The RED summarizes the risk assessment conclusions and outlines any risk reduction measures necessary for the pesticide to continue to be registered in the U.S.[Available from, as of February 7, 2006: http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/reregistration/status.htm]

An exemption from the requirement of a tolerance is established for residues of gibberellins [gibberellic acids (GA3 and GA4 + GA7), and sodium or potassium gibberellate] in or on all food commodities when used as plant regulators on plants, seeds, or cuttings and on all food commodities after harvest in accordance with good agricultural practices.

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether products containing the active ingredients are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e. active ingredient specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing giberellic acids as their active ingredients. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data, and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing gibberellic acids.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Gibberellic acid is found on List D. Case No: 4110; Pesticide type: plant growth regulator; Case Status: RED Approved 03-96; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document .; Active ingredient (AI): gibberellic acid; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 09/23/93; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document for the case/AI..

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

Ensure adequate ventilation in confined spaces. Store in original container, tightly closed, away from all sources of heat. /May be stored for/ at least 2 yr under normal storage conditions in unopened containers.

Safe Storage of Pesticides. Always store pesticides in their original containers, complete with labels that list ingredients, directions for use, and first aid steps in case of accidental poisoning. Never store pesticides in cabinets with or near food, animal feed, or medical supplies. Do not store pesticides in places where flooding is possible or in places where they might spill or leak into wells, drains, ground water, or surface water.

If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.

After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors. To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide..To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Burial or incineration (where permitted) would be effective disposal procedures.

Safe Disposal of Pesticides. The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.

Safe Disposal of Pesticides. An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.

Avoid all contact with skin and eyes; wash splashes from skin and eyes immediately.

Wear the items of protective clothing the label requires: for example, non-absorbent gloves (not leather or fabric), rubber footwear (not canvas or leather), a hat, goggles, or a dust-mist filter. If no specific clothing is listed, gloves, long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and closed shoes are recommended. You can buy protective clothing and equipment at hardware stores or building supply stores.

Indoor Applications. If the label directions permit, leave all windows open and fans operating after the application is completed. If the pesticide product is only effective in an unventilated (sealed) room or house, do not stay there. Put all pets outdoors, and take yourself any your family away from treated areas for at least the length of time prescribed on the label. Apply most surface sprays only to limited areas such as cracks; don't treat entire floors, walls, or ceilings. Don't let pesticides get on any surfaces that are used for food preparation. Wash any surfaces that may have pesticide residue before placing food on them.

Indoor Applications. When using total release foggers to control pests, use no more than the amount needed and to keep foggers away from ignition sources (ovens, stoves, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters, for example). Foggers should not be used in small, enclosed places such as closets and cabinets or under tables and counters.

Outdoor Applications. Never apply pesticides outdoors on a windy day (winds higher than 10 mph). Position yourself so that a light breeze does not blow pesticide spray or dust into your face.

An exemption from the requirement of a tolerance is established for residues of gibberellins [gibberellic acids (GA3 and GA4 + GA7), and sodium or potassium gibberellate] in or on all food commodities when used as plant regulators on plants, seeds, or cuttings and on all food commodities after harvest in accordance with good agricultural practices.

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)

LC50 Colinus virginianus (Northern bobwhite, 14 days old) dietary >4640 ppm/8 days

EC50 Daphnia magna (Water flea, <24 hr old; intoxication, immobilization) >143 ppm/48 hr; static /86.9% AI formulated product/

LC50 Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout, weight 0.32 g) >150 ppm/96 hr; static /86.9% AI formulated product/

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 32(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.24(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that gibberellic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of gibberellic acid is 4.0(4), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(5). Volatilization of gibberellic acid from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(6). Gibberellic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.3X10-13 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(7). Biodegradation of gibberellic acid was found to be 85% after 5 days of incubation at 24 °C and > 90% after 10 days using a hydroponic solution supporting the growth of dwarf peas(8), suggesting biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 32(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.24(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that gibberellic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). The pKa of gibberellic acid is 4(5), indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(8), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Gibberellic acid is slowly hydrolyzed by water and rapidly decomposed by heat or chlorine (for example in water)(9). Biodegradation of gibberellic acid was found to be 85% after 5 days of incubation at 24 °C and > 90% after 10 days using a hydroponic solution supporting the growth of dwarf peas(10), suggesting biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), gibberellic acid, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.3X10-13 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase gibberellic acid may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC).

The Koc of gibberellic acid is estimated as 32(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.24(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that gibberellic acid is expected to have very high mobility in soil. The pKa of gibberellic acid is 4, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4).

The number of gibberellins found in nature increased from 27 in 1969 to 45 in 1975, and to 62 in 1986. However, only three /including gibberellic acid/ of these possess significant biological properties.

Gibberellic acids are naturally occurring plant hormones and are produced by several molds, principally Gibberella fujikuroi(1).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for gibberellic acid(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.24(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for gibberellic acid is estimated as 1.6X10-15 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that gibberellic acid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Gibberellic acid's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may not occur(SRC). Gibberellic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-13 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ In rats & mice it is relatively harmless when admin orally, parenterally, by inhalation, or by topical application. No deaths observed in mice given single oral doses of 25 g/kg.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... Rats of both sexes were fed diets containing Gibberellic Acid (GA3, purity 88.5%) at concentrations of 0, 1,000, 10,000, or 50,000 ppm for 13 weeks. A group of control animals and high-dose animals were fed regular rodent diet for an additional 4-week recovery period. The consumption of test materials was 53-117, 550-1178, or 2994-5786 mg/kg/day (males) and 67-130, 730-1283, or 3872-6241 mg/kg/day (females). The only treatment-related clinical sign of toxicity was a low incidence of soft stools in both sexes receiving the highest dose. Very slightly decreased body weight gains were observed in mid-dose males and high dose animals of both sexes. Slightly increased total food consumption in all treated groups were observed. Evidence suggestive of a compound-related effect on kidney function included significantly increased blood urea nitrogen levels (BUN) and increased relative kidney weights in female rats in the high-dose group. BUN levels and kidney weights were comparable to controls at the end of a 4-week recovery period, indicating reversibility of renal effects. Other effects observed in high-dose males included decreased globulin levels at termination of the study and decreased glucose levels (p</= 0.05) at the end of the 4-week recovery period. increased relative liver weights were observed in males at 50,000 ppm and in females at 10,000 ppm and 50,000 ppm. At the end of the recovery period, increased relative liver weight were still evident in females (11%), but not in males. In the absence of clinical chemistry correlates and gross and microscopic hepatic abnormalities, the liver weight changes are considered compensatory rather than a toxic effect of the test material. Under the conditions of this study, the NOEL is 10,000 ppm; the LOEL is 50,000 ppm, based on the occurrence of soft stools in both sexes, and increased BUN levels, liver and kidney weights in females. /Gibberellic acid, purity 88.5%/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Subchronic or Prechronic Exposure/ ... Rats were fed diets containing 0, 1,000, 10,000 or 25,000 ppm Gibberellins (GA4+GA7, purity 85.5%) for 13 weeks. Additional groups of 10 control and 10 high-dose animals were held for a 4-week recovery period. The 25,000 ppm exposure group was fed a diet containing 50,000 ppm during the first 14 days of the study; however, due to low weight gain and clinical signs the dosage was reduced for the duration of the study. The average calculated doses for the 1,000, 10,000, and 25,000 ppm groups, the latter corrected for exposure to 50,000 ppm, were 67, 704, and 2238 mg/kg/day for males and 85, 814, and 2403 mg/kg/day for females. No treatment-related effects were observed at the 1,000 or 10,000 ppm dietary levels. One male in the 25,000 ppm treatment group died during the third week of the study. Compare to controls, treatment of rats of both sexes at 25,000 ppm had significant effects on clinical signs, food consumption (during the first 5 weeks of the study), body weight, organ-to-body weight ratios, hematology, clinical chemistry and gross microscopic pathology. Clinical signs in the high-dose groups included hunched posture, thin rough coat, a body crust on the nose and urine stains. Body weights for males and females were significantly lower than controls throughout the study, including the recovery phase. There was a marked increase in body weights when the treatment was reduced from 50,000 to 25,000 ppm after 14 days, and by the end of the recovery period at week 17, body weights were within 91% of control groups for both sexes. Males had significantly decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit values and significantly lower total bilirubin, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase values. Females had significantly lower total protein, albumin and calcium values and significantly higher globulin, total bilirubin, cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase values. Both sexes had significantly increased relative brain weights and males had significantly increased relative kidney and testis weights. Gross pathological changes in the kidneys (rough surfaces and depressed areas in the cortex) were present in both sexes. Histologically, chronic tubular nephritis, tubular dilation, and focal loss of nephrons were observed. Histological changes in the liver were marginal in incidence and severity. Under the conditions of the study, the NOEL is 10,000 ppm; the LOEL is 25,000 ppm based on alterations in clinical chemistry, decreased food consumption, decreased body weights, increases in relative organ weights (brain, kidney, and testis), and gross and histopathological changes in the kidney. /Gibberellins, purity 85.5%/

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Chronic Exposure or Carcinogenicity/ Force feeding the Egyptian toads (Bufo regularis) with gibberellin A3 (10 ppm) twice a wk for 5 mo induced neoplasms in 8 out of 50 (16%) experimental animals. Primary tumors developed in the liver (hepatocellular carcinomas). Two secondary tumors in the kidneys and another 2 in the ovaries of toads developed due to metastases from the hepatocellular carcinomas. The results show that gibberellin A3 has a carcinogenic effect in the Egyptian toads.

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for GIBBERELLIC ACID (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of gibberellic acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.3X10-10 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 3 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Gibberellic acid is slowly hydrolyzed by water and rapidly decomposed by heat or chlorine(2).

Gibberellic acid's production and use as a plant growth regulator will result in its direct release to the environment. Gibberellic acid is produced by several molds, principally Gibberella fujikuroi. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 2.1X10-13 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates gibberellic acid will exist solely in the particulate phase in the atmosphere. Particulate-phase gibberellic acid will be removed from the atmosphere by wet or dry deposition. If released to soil, gibberellic acid is expected to have very high mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 32. The pKa of gibberellic acid is 4, indicating that this compound will primarily exist in anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb to organic carbon and clay more strongly than the undissociated acid. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.6X10-15 atm-cu m/mole. Volatilization of gibberellic acid is attenuated by the ionic form. Gibberellic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. Degradation of gibberellic acid in soil is approximately 85% in five days and >90% in ten days incubated at 24 °C in the dark. If released into water, gibberellic acid is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. A pKa of 4 indicates gibberellic acid will exist almost entirely in an anion form at pH values of 5 to 9. An estimated BCF of 3 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. Occupational exposure to gibberellic acid may occur through inhalation of powder and dermal contact with this compound at work places where gibberellic acid is produced or used. Gibberellic acid is mostly used on grape, citrus, and apple crops, but has also been used on a variety of other crops. (SRC)

Gibberellic acid and its potassium salt is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption, as long as 1) the quantity of the substance added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) any substance intended for use in or on food is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient. The food additive gibberellic acid and its potassium salt may be used in the malting of barley in accordance with prescribed conditions.

An exemption from the requirement of a tolerance is established for residues of gibberellins [gibberellic acids (GA3 and GA4 + GA7), and sodium or potassium gibberellate] in or on all food commodities when used as plant regulators on plants, seeds, or cuttings and on all food commodities after harvest in accordance with good agricultural practices.

Section 4(g)(2)(A) of FIFRA calls for the Agency to determine, after submission of relevant data concerning an active ingredient, whether products containing the active ingredients are eligible for reregistration. The Agency has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e. active ingredient specific) data required to support reregistration of products containing giberellic acids as their active ingredients. The Agency has completed its review of these generic data, and has determined that the data are sufficient to support reregistration of all products containing gibberellic acids.

As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and List D pesticides of less concern. Gibberellic acid is found on List D. Case No: 4110; Pesticide type: plant growth regulator; Case Status: RED Approved 03-96; OPP has made a decision that some/all uses of the pesticide are eligible for reregistration, as reflected in a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document .; Active ingredient (AI): gibberellic acid; Data Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 09/23/93; AI Status: OPP has completed a Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) document for the case/AI..

Gibberellic acid enhanced activity of rat lung guanylate cyclase, an enzyme associated with growth.

Gibberellic acid has androgenic activity in chicks.

A metabolite of Gibberella fujikuroi that promotes plant growth; [Merck Index] Used as plant growth regulator to improve various qualities of many fruits and vegetables and to improve enzymatic characteristics of barley malting; [HSDB] Naturally occurring plant hormone used to increase fruit and crop yields; [Reference #1]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For gibberellic acid (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 043801) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Plant growth regulator

Seedless grape enlarger ... flowering initiator

Plant growth regulator ... to loosen and elongate clusters and increase berry size in grapes; to control fruit maturity by delaying development to the yellow color in lemons; to reduce rind stain and retard rind ageing in navel oranges; to counteract the effects of cherry yellows virus diseases in sour cherries; to promote elongation of winter celery crop; to induce uniform bolting and increase seed production in lettuce for seed; to break dormancy and stimulate sprouting in seed potatoes; to extend the picking season by hastening maturity in artichokes; to increase the yield in forced rhubarb; ... to produce brighter- colored, firmer fruit, and to increase the size of sweet cherries; to increase yields and aid harvesting of hops; to reduce internal browning and increase yields of Italian prunes; to increase fruit set and yields of tangelos and tangerines; to improve fruit setting in blueberries; to advance flowering and increase the yield of strawberries; and also a variety of applications on ornamentals.

(1976) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 2.27X10+6 GRAMS

(1978) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+6 GRAMS

Produced by several molds, principally gibberella fujikuroi.

Gibberellic acid is produced commercially by fermentation.

Berelex tablets containing 1 g gibberellins more than 92% gibberellic acid.

Pro-gibb plus /composed of/ 10% gibberellin a3 /which is used as/ plant growth regulator ... to increase yield of sugarcane, to thin & enlarge Thompson seedless grapes, & delay harvest of naval oranges.

Tablet (effervescent water-soluble) (1 g ai); water soluble powder (100 g/kg); unformulated crystalline ai.

Liquid concentrate: Pro-Gibb 4%, Gibberellins A4/A7

For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for GIBBERELLIC ACID (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Plant growth regulators

Gibb-3-ene-1,10-dicarboxylic acid, 2,4a,7-trihydroxy-1-methyl-8-methylene-, 1,4a-lactone, (1.alpha.,2.beta.,4a.alpha.,4b.beta.,10.beta.)-: ACTIVE

Most outstanding of plant growth promoting metabolites of Gibberella fujikuroi

Do not combine with alkaline sprays (lime sulfur).

/Gibberellic acid/ was synthesized in 1978.