メタクリル酸メチル

化学的特性Methyl methacrylate is a methyl ester of methacrylic acid. It is a colourless, volatile liquid with an acrid fruity odour. It has a relatively high vapour pressure (4 kPa at 20°C), moderate water solubility (15.8 g/litre), and a low log octanol/water partition coefficient (Kow = 1.38) . Methyl methacrylate is typically 99.9% pure and contains small amounts of inhibitor to retard polymerization.

化学性质重合性モノマーで，アルキド樹脂の変性剤として用いられる。

解説通常の有機溶剤に可溶で，水にかなり溶けるほか、エタノール（エチルアルコール）、エーテルなどの有機溶媒と任意の割合で混じり合う。光，熱，放射線などにより単独または共重合する．単独重合体のガラス転移点 Tg82～102 ℃．メタクリル酸メチルの重合により得られるメタクリル樹脂は透明性に優れ加工しやすいので、有機ガラスなどに広く使われている。ほかのビニル化合物との共重合体の原料としても重要である。重合しやすいので、保存の際には0.01％程度のヒドロキノンを添加し褐色瓶に入れておく。

用途透明性や耐候性に優れ、リサイクル性の高さから環境にやさしい素材として注目されているアクリル樹脂をはじめ、各種化学品の原料となります。 板、棒、パイプ等の製造 成形材料 塗料 歯科材料 接着剤 繊維処理剤 皮革処理剤 その他

用途成型用アクリル樹脂合成原料(建築材料,照明器具,歯科材料,化粧品原料等)、塗料樹脂合成原料(自動車用塗料,家電用塗料,建築用塗料等)、透明ABS樹脂合成原料、紙?樹脂の改質剤合成原料、繊維処理剤合成原料、ポリメタクリル酸メチルシート(水族館浴槽用等の大型プラスチックガラス)製造用、アクリル樹脂?塗料?接着剤原料

説明Methyl methacrylate is an organic compound with the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOCH3. This colourless liquid, the methyl ester of methacrylic acid (MAA) is a monomer produced on a large scale for the production of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA).

使用The principal application, consuming approximately 80% of the MMA, is the manufacture of poly methyl methacrylate acrylic plastics (PMMA). Methyl methacrylate is also used for the production of the co-polymer methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene (MBS), used as a modifier for PVC. Another application is as cement used in total hip replacements as well as total knee replacements. Used as the "grout" by orthopedic surgeons to make the bone inserts fix into bone, it greatly reduces post-operative pain from the insertions but has a finite lifespan. Typically the lifespan of methyl methacrylate as bone cement is 20 years before revision surgery is required. Cemented implants are usually only done in elderly populations that require more immediate short term replacements. In younger populations, cementless implants are used because their lifespan is considerably longer. Also used in fracture repair in small exotic animal species using internal fixation.

一般的な説明A clear colorless liquid. Slightly soluble in water and floats on water. Vapors heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and respiratory system. Containers must be heavily insulated or shipped under refrigeration. An inhibitor such as hydroquinone, hydroquinone methyl ester and dimethyl t-butylphenol is added to keep the chemical from initiating polymerization. The chemical may polymerize exothermically if heated or contaminated with strong acid or base. If the polymerization takes place inside a container, the container may rupture violently. Used to make plastics.

使用用途メタクリル酸メチルは、主に吹き付けアクリル板、押し型成形樹脂の製造に用いられています。 重合体、および共重合体はメタクリル樹脂と呼ばれ、塗料用樹脂の原料、樹脂改質剤、塗料、紙のコーティング剤、、繊維加工材、歯科補填物、外科用セメント、合成指爪、義肢装具などに使用されています。 また、メタクリル樹脂は透明性、耐候性、リサイクルが可能な環境対応性などの優れた特性があるため、近年はIT向けや自動車向けなどの用途が拡大しています。 最近では、の成形材の１つとして使われています。装置も安価になり、硬くて精細な形成ができるようになりました。中でも医療分野では術前検討において形態の確認、術式検討に用いるなど、非常に有用です。ただし、かなり硬い素材ですので、成形後の切断はかなり難しい場合があります。

The compound is manufactured by several methods, the principal one being the acetone cyanohydrin (ACH) route, using acetone and hydrogen cyanide as raw materials. The intermediate cyanohydrin is converted with sulfuric acid to a sulfate ester of the methacrylamide, methanolysis of which gives ammonium bisulfate and MMA. Although widely used, the ACH route coproduces substantial amounts of ammonium sulfate. Some producers start with an isobutylene or, equivalently, tert-butanol, which is sequentially oxidized first to methacrolein and then to methacrylic acid, which is then esterified with methanol. Propene can be carbonylated in the presence of acids to iso butyric acid, which undergoes subsequent dehydrogenation . The combined technologies afford more than 3 billion kilograms per year. MMA can also be prepared from methyl propionate and formaldehyde.

製造方法Prepared by the esterification of methacrylamide sulfate with methanol.

純化方法Wash the ester twice with aqueous 5% NaOH (to remove inhibitors such as hydroquinone) and twice with water. Dry it with CaCl2, Na2CO3, Na2SO4 or MgSO4, then with CaH2 under nitrogen under reduced pressure. The distillate is stored at low temperatures and redistilled before use. Prior to distilling, inhibitors such as hydroquinone (0,004%), .-naphthylamine (0.2%) or di--naphthol are sometimes added. Also purify it by boiling with aqueous H3PO4 solution and finally with saturated NaCl solution. It is dried for 24hours over anhydrous CaSO4, distilled at 0.1mm Hg at room temperature and stored at -30o [Albeck et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 1 1488 1978]. [Beilstein 2 II 398, 2 III 1279, 2 IV 1519.]

定義本品は、次の化学式で表される有機化合物である。

定義ChEBI: Methyl methacrylate is an enoate ester having methacrylic acid as the carboxylic acid component and methanol as the alcohol component. It has a role as an allergen and a polymerisation monomer. It is an enoate ester and a methyl ester. It is functionally related to a methacrylic acid.