Other Classes -> NaphthalenesFlammable agents - 2nd degree
SpringerMaterials Properties
Chemical diffusion
LogP（分配係数）
4.6
臭い
Slight odor resembling mentholpure decalin does not smell of naphthalene
密度
0.89 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than waterwill float0.8965 @ 22 °CVapor density: 4.77 (air= 1) /Trans-isomer/Liquid water interfacial tension: 51.5 dynes/cm= 0.0515 N/m at 20 °Cliquid heat capacity= 0.391 BTU/lb-deg F @ 70 °Fliquid thermal conductivity= 0.735 BTU-in/hr-sq ft-deg F at 135 °Csaturated vapor density= 0.00269 lb/cu ft @ 130 °FRelative density (water = 1): 0.87-0.900.8965 @ 22°C0.897 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
Viscosity
1.788 cP @ 70 °F
Color/Form
Clear colorless liquidWater-white liquid
溶解度
Very sol in alcohol, methanol, ether, chloroform. Miscible with propyl and isopropyl alcoholmiscible with most ketones and esters.In water, 0.889 mg/l @ 25 °CSolubility in water at 25 °C: very poor8.92g/L(300℃)
引火点
134 °F (USCG, 1999)134 deg. F129 °F54 °C (Closed cup) /Trans-isomer/136 °F58 °C (CLOSED CUP)57 °C c.c.137 °F
沸点
383 °F at 760 mmHg (USCG, 1999)155.5 °C185-195 °C155.5 °C @760 [mm Hg]193 °C(lit.)
Decomposition
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes.
DangerH226 (87.3%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P273, P280, P301+P316, P301+P330+P331, P302+P361+P354, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P354+P338, P316, P317, P321, P331, P363, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)Aggregated GHS information provided per 315 reports by companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.H226 (97.7%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]
規制情報
Chemical: Naphthalene, decahydro-Chemical: Naphthalene, decahydro-, cis-Chemical: Naphthalene, decahydro-, trans-Naphthalene, decahydro- is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Naphthalene, decahydro- are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 06-03-2023 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/10843cis-Decahydronaphthalene: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standard
輸送ラベル（DOT）
Flammable Liquid
火災危険
Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.Flammable. Above 57 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.
火災の可能性
MODERATE, WHEN EXPOSED TO HEAT OR FLAME ...
健康有害性
Inhalation or ingestion irritates nose and throat, causes numbness, headache, vomitingurine may become blue. Irritates eyes. Liquid de-fats skin and causes cracking and secondary infectioneczema may develop. (USCG, 1999)· May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin.
有害性の概要
Causes liver and kidney injury in animal experiments[HSDB] Defats skin and irritates nose and throat[CAMEO] A skin and eye irritant
用途
使用
cis-Decahydronaphthalene is used as a quantitation standard in the determination of sesquiterpanes.
製法・合成法
純化方法
Purification methods described for the mixed isomers are applicable here. The individual isomers can be separated by very efficient fractional distillation, followed by fractional crystallisation by partial freezing. The cis-isomer reacts preferentially with AlCl3 and can be removed from the trans-isomer by stirring the mixture with a limited amount of AlCl3 for 48hours at room temperature, filtering and distilling. [Seyer & Walker J Am Chem Soc 60 2125 1938, Baker & Schuetz J Am Chem Soc 69 1250 1949.] A very pure authentic sample is best obtained by synthesis from cis-1,2-bis-chloroethylcyclohexane [Whitesides & Gutowski J Org Chem 41 2882 1976, Beilstein 5 IV 310.]
[Hawley] Causes CNS effects
[ICSC] See cis-Decahydronaphthalene.
Causes burns
Inhalation may cause corrosive injuries to upper respiratory tract
[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Decahydronaphthalene.
A skin and strong eye irritant
Harmful by inhalation
[Sigma-Aldrich MSDS] See Decahydronaphthalene. See Cyclohexane.
The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of decahydronaphthalene stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic by all routes (ie, inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption), exposure to this clear, colorless, slightly menthol-smelling liquid may occur from its use as a chemical intermediate, in the manufacture of paints, lacquers, varnishes, shoe creams, and floor waxes, rubber, asphalt, and printing inks. Effects from exposure may include contact burns to the skin and eyes, irritation of the mucous membranes, defatting dermatitis and eczema (from prolonged or repeated contact), numbness, headache, CNS depression (dizziness), vomiting, and fatal chemical pneumonitis (if the liquid is aspirated). In activities and situations where over-exposure may occur, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing. If contact should occur, immediately flush affected eyes and skin with running water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes at the site. This material may be ignited by heat, sparks, or flames. Further, its heavier than air vapor may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. For fires involving decahydronaphthalene, extinguish with dry chemical, CO2, Halon, water spray, fog, or standard foam. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if a tank car or truck is involved in the fire. Decahydronaphthalene may be shipped domestically via air, rail, road, or water. Storage should be away from sources of ignition and oxidizing materials. Also, avoid prolonged exposure of this substance to air because of the possible formation of dangerous peroxides. Take up small spills of decahydronaphthalene with sand or other noncombustible absorbent and place into containers for later disposal. Dike far ahead of large spills to prevent decahydronaphthalene from entering confined spaces such as sewers where its vapor may create an explosion hazard. Before implementing land disposal of waste decahydronaphthalene, consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.
輸送番号・ガイド（DOT）
1147 130
反応性グループ
Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated
UN 分類
UN Hazard Class: 3UN Pack Group: III
Special Reports
SCHMELTZ I ET ALVOL 3, POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS. SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ANALYSIS, CHEMISTRY, & BIOLOGY. SEPT 1977, ISBN 0-89004-241-1: 47-60 (1978). BIOASSAYS OF NAPHTHALENE FOR COCARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY RELATION TO TOBACCO CARCINOGENESIS WAS DISCUSSED. /NAPHTHALENE & ALKYL NAPHTHALENES/WHOEnvironmental Health Criteria 119: Principles and Methods for the Assessment of Nephrotoxicity Associated with Exposure to Chemicals (1991)
Reactivity Alerts
Highly Flammable
Reactivity Profile
Saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons, such as DECAHYDRONAPHTHALENE, may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring of the hydrocarbon may occur followed by ignition of unreacted hydrocarbon and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons are mostly unreactive. They are not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154].
消火
Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:Use powder, carbon dioxide, foam. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.
応急処置措置
Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .
漏出応急措置
· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.
応急処置
INHALATION: remove to fresh air.General First Aid:
安全保管
Fireproof. Separated from oxidants. Cool. Keep in the dark. Well closed.
TO FIGHT FIRE USE FOAM, CARBON DIOXIDE, DRY CHEMICAL.If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.
保管条件
Handle and store under Nitrogen. ...Potentially explosive peroxides can form on long time storage in contact with air. Light and heat accelerate peroxide /formation/.
非火災時の漏出対応
Excerpt from ERG Guide 130 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible / Noxious)]:
処分方法
SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air qualitypotential migration in soil or watereffects on animal, aquatic, and plant lifeand conformance with environmental and public health regulations.
漏出処分
Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Ventilation. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.
Preventive Measures
If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock down vapors.Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
生態毒性値
LC50 Leuciscus idus melanotus 4.3 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/LC50 Oryzias latipes 1.84 mg/L/48 hr /Conditions of bioassay not specified/
環境中動態
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,600(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 0.889 mg/l(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that decahydronaphthalene is expected to have slight to no mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of decahydronaphthalene from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant estimated as 0.47 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 2.3 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 0.889 mg/l(2). The potential for volatilization of decahydronaphthalene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 2.3 mm Hg(4). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Decahydronaphthalene was not degraded using sediment grab samples from an oiled and pristine beach areas and mud from an intertidal zone(5), indicating that biodegradation may not be an important fate process in soil.AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4,600(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 0.889(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that decahydronaphthalene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant estimated as 0.470 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 2.3 mm Hg(4), and water solubility(2). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 3.5 hrs and 5 days, respectively. However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 28 days if adsorption is considered(5). According to a classification scheme(6), BCF's of 839-2,380 for the cis-isomer and 1,170-3,050 for the trans-isomer(7), suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC). That decahydronaphthalene was not degraded using marine water but was degraded in water from a stagnant pond that had been acclimated to oil(8) indicates that biodegradation may be an important fate process in acclimated aquatic environments.ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), decahydronaphthalene, which has a vapor pressure of 2.3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist primarily as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase decahydronaphthalene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 19 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.02X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3).
食品調査値
Decahydrohapthalene was identified, not quantified in floured chickpea seed (Cicer arietinum L.)(1).
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.
生態毒性抜粋
/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Mussel larvae (Mytilus edulis) /showed a/ 20% reduction of growth rate at 10 ppm and 50 ppm/also a/ 5% reduction of growth rate at 100 ppm./AQUATIC SPECIES/ ...The growth rate of the fungus Cladosporium resinae, which was cultured on a 10 mmolar solution of dodecane, was inhibited by about 60% in the presence of 138 mg decahydronaphthaleneand effect on the biomass yield per gram dodecane was not observed. ...
Signs and Symptoms
Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Dizziness. Nausea. Vomiting.Redness. Pain. Skin burns.Redness. Pain. Severe deep burns.Nausea. Vomiting. Abdominal pain. Further see Inhalation.
Ongoing Test Status
The following link will take the user to the National Toxicology Program (NTP) Test Agent Search Results page, which tabulates all of the "Standard Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies", "Developmental Studies", and "Genetic Toxicity Studies" performed with this chemical. Clicking on the "Testing Status" link will take the user to the status (i.e., in review, in progress, in preparation, on test, completed, etc.) and results of all the studies that the NTP has done on this chemical. [http://ntp-apps.niehs.nih.gov/ntp_tox/index.cfm?fuseaction=ntpsearch.searchresults&searchterm=91-17-8]
Effluent Concentrations
Data from September 2, 1979 identified decahydronaphthalene as a gaseous emission of the vehicle traffic through the Allegheny Mountain Tunnel of the Pennsylvania Turnpike(1). Decahydronaphthalene was detected in the municipal wastewaters from sewage treatment plants in Falmouth, MA(2).
ICSC Environmental Data
The substance is toxic to aquatic organisms. The substance may cause long-term effects in the aquatic environment. Bioaccumulation of this chemical may occur in fish.
Soil Adsorption/Mobility
The Koc of decahydronaphthalene is estimated as 4,600(SRC), using a water solubility of 0.889 mg/l(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that decahydronaphthalene is expected to have slight mobility in soil.
Natural Pollution Sources
Decahydronaphthalene is a natural component of petroleum naphtha(1).
