1-ノニル-4-(26-ヒドロキシ-3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-オクタオキサヘキサコサン-1-イルオキシ)ベンゼン

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible).

Rinse mouth.

SRP: Criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4300(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that nonoxynol-9 is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of nonoxynol-9 from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6X10-22 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Nonoxynol-9 is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.6X10-18 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). Biodegradation data in soil were not available(SRC, 2012).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4300(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that nonoxynol-9 is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 5.6X10-22 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 44(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 3.28(6) and a regression-derived equation(7), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). Biodegradation data in water were not available(SRC, 2012).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), nonoxynol-9, which has a /an estimated vapor pressure of 4.6X10-18 mm Hg at 25 °C((SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase. Particulate-phase nonoxynol-9 may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Nonoxynol-9 does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The CIR Expert Panel concluded that the following 27 Nonoxynols listed below are safe in the present practices of use and concentration in cosmetics as described in this safety assessment, when formulated to be non-irritating..Nonoxynol-9...

Safe for use in cosmetics, with qualifications

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of nonoxynol-9 can be estimated to be 4300(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that nonoxynol-9 is expected to have slight mobility in soil.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Blood test results on samples obtained from 10 women who received intravaginal applications of Nonoxynol-9 daily for 14 consecutive days indicated no effects on either hepatic function or hematologic parameters. The only significant finding was a reduction in serum cholesterol. No evidence of alterations in hepatic function, based on blood test results for 30 women who had received intravaginal applications of a cream containing 5.0% Nonoxynol-9 daily for 14 days was observed. Vaginal mucous membrane irritation was observed in 6 of 14 women after insertion of a suppository containing 150 mg Nonoxynol-9 (hourly for 4 consecutive hours) for 14 consecutive days. The results of another study indicated that frequent use of vaginal suppositories containing Nonoxynol-9 (150 mg) may result in increased epithelial disruption. Use frequencies in the groups tested ranged from one suppository every other day for 2 weeks to four suppositories daily for 2 weeks.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Strong sensitization reactions were observed in each of the 12 contact dermatitis patients patch tested with a 2.0% aqueous solutions of Nonoxynol-9. ... Ten of the patients had used antiseptic preparations containing Nonoxynol-9. ... Follow-up studies on 32 control subjects who had never used this antiseptic preparation showed an inconsistent pattern of reactions. ...

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Undiluted nonoxynol-9 was nonirritating and nonsensitizing in clinical studies. ... It is concluded that nonoxynol-9... /is/ safe as cosmetic ingredients.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A single dose phase I local toxicity study of the effects of frequent insertion of nonoxynol-9 (N-9) on the lower genital tract was conducted. Fourteen women used 150 mg of nonoxynol-9 cumulatively four times a day for 14 days. Epithelial disruption of the cervix and vagina, occurred in 43% (95% confidence interval, 18-71%) of women on this high frequency use schedule. None of the women experienced symptoms that prompted them to discontinue the study.

For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for Nonoxynol-9 (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

AEROBIC: Biodegradation data in soil or water specific to nonxynol-9 were not available(SRC, 2012). Biodegradation of nonoxylol derivatives was studied under laboratory conditions using a static die-away method using autochthonous bacterial cultures originating from the brackish water and saline water layer of the Krka River estuary in Croatia. Half-lives were estimated to range from 23-69 days under winter conditions (13 °C) and 2.5-25 days under summer conditions (22.5 °C)(1). Laboratory biodegradation experiments using filtered and nonoxylnol spiked river water from Tokyo, Japan suggested that cleavage of the ethylene oxide chain was due to bacterial action, rather than photolysis(2). In addition, in the early stages of bacterial cleavage, terminal ethylene oxide units with lengths longer than 9 were preferentially cleaved(2). Degradation of a branched derivative of nonoxylol was studied using bench-scale activated sludge units treating a synthetic sewage feed(3). The branched derivative of nonoxylol was degraded at influent doses of 10-40 mg/L; substantial BOD breakthrough, loss of nitrification, aerator foaming, and incomplete removal of the branched nonoxylol derivative occurred when dosed at 80 and 100 mg/L(3). Nonoxylol was found to biodegrade within 3 days in a river die-away test to give the homologue with 2 ethyleneoxide units; further biodegradation was considerably slower(4). Nonoxynol, present at 30 mg/L, reached 0% of its theoretical BOD in 3 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L in the Japanese MITI test(5). /Nonoxynol/

Biodegradation data in soil or water were not available. (SRC, 2012)

An estimated BCF of 44 was calculated in fish for nonoxynol-9(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 3.38(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for nonoxynol-9 is estimated as 5.6X10-22 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that nonoxynol-9 is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Nonoxynol-9's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces will not occur(SRC). Nonoxynol-9 is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.6X10-18 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The goal of this study was to assess the effects of multiple rectal applications of Conceptrol (containing 4% nonoxynol-9) on flora and mucosal tissues in the pig-tailed macaque model. Monkeys (8 per group) received daily rectal applications of Conceptrol, placebo gel, or no product, for 3 days. At each visit, a preapplication rectal lavage specimen and swab specimen for microbiology and pH determination were collected. Conceptrol or placebo gel (2.5 mL) was then administered intrarectally. Fifteen minutes after application, samples were again collected. Gross observation of rectal lavage indicated sheets of epithelium 15 minutes after application of the nonoxynol-9 product. Histopathology of these samples revealed epithelial sheets with stroma attached. The presence of H(2)O(2)-producing lactobacilli remained relatively constant, whereas that of H(2)O(2)-producing viridans streptococci diminished in all nonoxynol-9-exposed animals in which these organisms were detected at baseline. Repeated applications of nonoxynol-9 disrupts the rectal mucosa of the pig-tailed macaque. The disruption of these tissues could have serious implications for an increase in likelihood of acquisition of sexually transmitted infection/HIV in humans.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Mucous membrane irritation was observed in groups of rabbits dosed intravaginally with Nonoxynol-9 (2.5 to 50.0 ing) with concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 75.0%.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Intraperitoneal injections of Nonoxynol-9 (5 mg/100 g body weight) daily for 5 days induced morphologic and biochemical changes in the liver of rats. Intravaginal injections of this ingredient (5 mg/100g) daily for up to 20 days induced morphologic and biochemical changes in the liver and biochemical changes in the kidneys of rats.

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ ... The greater risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) acquisition associated with multiple uses of a nonoxynol-9 (N-9)-containing product has highlighted the importance of application frequency as a variable during pre-clinical microbicide development, particularly in animal model studies. To evaluate an association between application frequency and N-9 toxicity, experiments were performed using a mouse model of cervicovaginal microbicide safety. In this model system, changes in cervical and vaginal epithelial integrity, cytokine release, and immune cell infiltration were assessed after single and multiple exposures to N-9. After the initial application of N-9 (aqueous, 1%), considerable damage to the cervical epithelium (but not the vaginal epithelium) was observed as early as 10 min post-exposure and up to 8 hr post-exposure. Subsequent daily exposures (up to 4 days) were characterized by diminished cervical toxicity relative to single exposures of like duration. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines released into the cervicovaginal lumen and the degree of CD14-positive immune cell infiltration proximal to the cervical epithelium were also dependent on the number of N-9 exposures. Rather than causing cumulative cervical epithelial damage, repeated applications of N-9 were characterized by decreased sensitivity to N-9-associated toxicity and lower levels of immune cell recruitment. These results provide new insights into the failure of N-9-based microbicides and illustrate the importance of considering multiple exposure protocols in pre-clinical microbicide development strategies.

Nonoxynol-9 is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1). Nonoxynol-9 does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(1) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

Obstetrical and Gynecological Therapeutic Devices. ... A condom with spermicidal lubricant is a sheath which completely covers the penis with a closely fitting membrane with a lubricant that contains a spermicidal agent, nonoxynol-9. This condom is used for contraceptive and prophylactic purposes.

Section 8(a) of TSCA requires manufacturers of this chemical substance to report preliminary assessment information concerned with production, exposure, and use to EPA as cited in the preamble in 51 FR 41329. Effective date: 2/10/00; Reporting date: 4/10/00.

CIR ingredient: Nonoxynol-9

Nonoxynol 9 is approved as a vaginal contraceptive that works by damaging the cell membrane of sperm. It has been shown in laboratory studies to damage the cell walls of certain organisms that cause STDs and to be active against some STD-causing bacteria and viruses. ...

Inert ingredient in specific pharmaceuticals

Spermaticide

3,6,9,12,15,18,21,24-Octaoxahexacosan-1-ol, 26-(nonylphenoxy)-: ACTIVE

In the 1940s, the first surface active spermicidal agents ... /including nonoxynol-9/ ... were developed at Ortho.

Ingredient in specific deodorizing products

Ingredient in bird cage deodorizing wipes