4-クロロベンジルクロリド

Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical. /4-Chlorotoluene/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

AVOID PROLONGED BREATHING OF VAPOR. USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION. /4-CHLOROTOLUENE/

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. /4-Chlorotoluene/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Wear boots, protective gloves, and goggles. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. /4-Chlorotoluene/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,300(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.18(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Hydrolysis may occur in moist soils based upon an estimated hydrolysis half-life of 25.5 hours at 25 °C(SRC) from this compound's experimental activation energy(5). The potential for volatilization of 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). Volatilization from soil surfaces may be attenuated by adsorption(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,300(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 3.18(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may volatilize from water surfaces(3,SRC) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake(3) are 7.0 hours and 6.0 days, respectively(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model pond 2 m deep is estimated to be about 3.3 days ignoring adsorption(5); when considering maximum adsorption the volatilization half-life increases to 9.9 days(5). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 150(3,SRC), from a log Kow(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Hydrolysis is expected to be an important process in aquatic systems based upon an estimated hydrolysis half-life of 25.5 hours at 25 °C(SRC) from this compound's experimental activation energy(7).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9 mm Hg at 25 °C(2,SRC), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 13 days(3,SRC). 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene has an adsorption band at 275 nm that extends to about 295 nm(4), suggesting 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may undergo direct photolysis(SRC).

The Koc of 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is estimated as approximately 1,300(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.18(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to have low mobility in soil.

1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene was dehalogenated by a resting cell suspension of a soil bacterium, a Pseudomonas, that was isolated because of its ability to grow on 1,9-dichlorononane, although the bacterium was not able to grow on 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene(1). Products formed after 24 hr of incubation were p-chlorobenzyl alcohol and p-chlorobenzoic acid(1). The p-chlorobenzyl alcohol was also formed in controls and therefore was produced, at least partially, by chemical hydrolysis(1). 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is reported to degrade in a biodegradability screening test utilizing an activated sludge inoculum after 5 to 10 days incubation(2).

An estimated BCF of 150 was calculated for 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.18(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. However, bioconcentration may be attenuated by hydrolysis based upon a hydrolysis half-life of 25.5 hours at 25 °C(SRC), estimated from this compound's experimental activation energy(4).

The Henry's Law constant for 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is estimated as 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2,SRC). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the estimated volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec) is approximately 7.0 hours(2,SRC). The estimated volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec) is approximately 6.0 days(2,SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model pond 2 m deep is estimated to be about 3.3 days ignoring adsorption(3); when considering maximum adsorption the volatilization half-life increases to 9.9 days(3). 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene's Henry's Law constant(1,SRC) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 13 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(SRC). 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene has an adsorption band at 275 nm that extends to about 295 nm(2), suggesting 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may potentially undergo direct photolysis(SRC). Hydrolysis rate constants of 5.69X10-5/sec and 3.35X10-4/sec were measured at 42.86 °C and 60.44 °C, respectively(3); these rate constants correspond to hydrolysis half-lives of 3.4 hours and 0.57 hours at 42.86 °C and 60.44 °C, respectively(SRC). A hydrolysis half-life of 25.5 hr(SRC) at 25 °C was extrapolated using the experimental activation energy(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 5,961 workers (763 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene in the US(1). Occupational exposure to 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is used(SRC).

1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene's use as an intermediate for organic chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and dyes may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, an estimated vapor pressure of 1.9 mm Hg at 25 °C indicates 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 13 days. 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene has an adsorption band at 275 nm that extends to about 295 nm, suggesting 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may potentially undergo direct photolysis. If released to soil, 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to have low mobility based upon an estimated Koc of 1,300. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces may be an important fate process based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.4X10-4 atm-cu m/mole. However, hydrolysis may attenuate volatilization from moist soil surfaces. 1-Chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may potentially volatilize from dry soil surfaces based upon its vapor pressure. However, volatilization from soil surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to soil. If released into water, 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water based upon the estimated Koc. Volatilization from water surfaces may be an important fate process based upon this compound's estimated Henry's Law constant. Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.0 hours and 6.0 days, respectively. Adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column is expected to attenuate volatilization. Hydrolysis is expected to be an important process in aquatic systems and moist soils, based upon an estimated hydrolysis half-life of 25.5 hours at 25 °C. An estimated BCF of 150 suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high. However, bioconcentration in aquatic organisms may be attenuated by hydrolysis. Occupational exposure to 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1-chloro-4-chloromethylbenzene is used. (SRC)