Acetal

Other Classes -> Acetals

Flammable agents - 3rd degree

Log Kow = 0.84

0.84

0.84

1.49

WHISKEY TASTE

nutty after-taste

0.831 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999) - Less dense than water; will float

0.8254 AT 20 °C/4 °C

Relative density (water = 1): 0.83

0.822-0.831

MISCIBLE WITH ALCOHOL, 60% ALCOHOL, ETHER; SOL IN HEPTANE, METHYLCYCLOHEXANE, ETHYL ACETATE; PROPYL, ISOPROPYL, BUTYL & ISOBUTYL ALCOHOLS; 100 G WATER DISSOLVE 5 G ACETAL

SOL IN CHLOROFORM

sol in acetone

Water Solubility = 4.4X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C

44 mg/mL at 25 °C

Solubility in water, g/100ml: 5.0

Danger

H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Danger

H225 (98.7%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]

P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P264, P264+P265, P280, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P317, P337+P317, P362+P364, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Chemical: Ethane, 1,1-diethoxy-

Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000 (Repealed by Com. Implementing Reg. (EU) No 872/2012)

Status: Active Update: 04-03-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/23631

Ethane, 1,1-diethoxy-: HSNO Approval: HSR001239 Approved with controls

The New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Explosive

· HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames.

Highly flammable. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.

May irritate the upper respiratory tract. High concentrations act as a central nervous system depressant. Symptoms of exposure include headache, dizziness, drowsiness, abdominal pain, and nausea. (USCG, 1999)

· Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes.

Highly flammable; Inhalation of high concentrations can cause CNS depression; [Hawley] Hydrolyzed in the stomach to acetaldehyde and ethyl alcohol; [HSDB] Forms heat-sensitive explosive peroxides on contact with air; An upper respiratory tract irritant; [CAMEO] A mild skin and eye irritant, based on animal studies; [CHEMINFO] A skin, eye, and respiratory tract irritant; Exposure may result in lowering of consciousness. [ICSC] Safe when used as a flavoring agent in food; [JECFA] An irritant; [MSDSonline]

Acetal is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: 1) the quantity added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) when intended for use in or on food it is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

Use powder, AFFF, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water.

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Do NOT induce vomiting. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention .

· CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.

· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area.

INGESTION: Call a physician. Keep victim warm.

General First Aid:

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped or safely confined. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame - consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius.

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in covered containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.

Evacuation: ... If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation from downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 127 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible)]:

Immediate precautionary measure

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 68(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that acetal will have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of acetal may be important from moist soil surfaces(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.75X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for vapor pressure(4) and water solubility(5), and from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based on an experimental vapor pressure of 27.6 mm Hg(5). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of acetal in soil(SRC).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a recommended classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 68(SRC), determined from an experimental log Kow(2) and a recommended regression-derived equation(3), indicates that acetal would not adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC) in the water. Acetal would volatilize from water surfaces based on an estimated Henry's Law constant of 9.75X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), calculated from experimental values for vapor pressure(4) and water solubility(5). Estimated half-lives for a model river and model lake are 13 hours and 7.3 days, respectively(3,SRC). An estimated BCF value of 2.6(3,SRC), from an experimental log Kow(2), suggests that acetal will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(SRC) according to a recommended classification scheme(6). Acetals are easily cleaved by dilute acids by the SN1 mechanism(7). However, they are extremely resistant to hydrolysis by bases(7). Therefore, hydrolysis of acetal is expected to be an important fate process in acidic water conditions(SRC). Insufficient data are available to determine the rate or importance of biodegradation of acetal in water(SRC).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a suggested classification scheme(1), an experimental vapor pressure of 27.6 mm Hg at 25 °C(2) indicates that acetal will exist in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase acetal is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be about 19.6 hours(3,SRC).

Acetal has been identified in commercial and concentrated aqueous orange essences(1). Acetal was identified as a volatile component of pork and beef(2). Acetal has also been identified as a headspace volatile of a sample of a genuine French cognac (40 vol% ethanol content)(3).

Cough. Dizziness. Drowsiness. Headache. Nausea. Sore throat.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting.

Acetal was qualitatively identified in trench leachate samples collected from commercially operated low-level radioactive waste disposal sites at Maxey Flats, KY and at West Valley, NY(1). Acetal was listed as a contaminant found in advanced wastewater treatment for a survey of US cities including Lake Tahoe, CA and the Blue Plains plant in Washington, DC(2).

The Koc of acetal is estimated as approximately 68(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 0.84(1) and a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that acetal has high mobility in soil(SRC).

TESTED AT 10% IN PETROLATUM, ACETAL PRODUCED NO IRRITATION AFTER 48-HR CLOSED-PATCH TEST ON HUMAN SUBJECTS.

Moderately toxic and.../SRP: CNS depressive/ in high concn.

An estimated BCF value of 2.6 was calculated for acetal(SRC), using an experimental log Kow of 0.84(1) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2). According to a recommended classification scheme(3), this BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will be low(SRC).

Acetal is a food additive permitted for direct addition to food for human consumption as a synthetic flavoring substance and adjuvant in accordance with the following conditions: 1) the quantity added to food does not exceed the amount reasonably required to accomplish its intended physical, nutritive, or other technical effect in food, and 2) when intended for use in or on food it is of appropriate food grade and is prepared and handled as a food ingredient.

Hydrolysis in the stomach would give rise to either a hemiacetal or to acetaldehyde and ethyl alcohol.

ACETAL IS RAPIDLY HYDROLYZED IN THE STOMACH. THE RESULTING ACETALDEHYDE IS READILY OXIDIZED TO ACETIC ACID & EVENTUALLY TO CARBON DIOXIDE & WATER.

Used as a solvent for perfumes, flavors, and cosmetics; [HSDB] Used as an herbicide; [eChemPortal: ERMA]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

SOLVENT; IN ORGANIC SYNTHESES; /SRP: FORMERLY/ HYPNOTIC

SOLVENT IN PERFUMES

SYNTHETIC FLAVORING INGREDIENT

Used in cosmetics

(1972) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS

(1975) PROBABLY GREATER THAN 4.54X10+5 GRAMS

ADDITION OF ETHANOL TO ACETYLENE IN THE PRESENCE OF BORON TRIFLUORIDE AND MERCURIC OXIDE CATALYST; ADDITION OF ETHANOL TO DIVINYL ETHER IN THE PRESENCE OF BORON TRIFLUORIDE

...FROM ACETALDEHYDE AND ALCOHOL IN PRESENCE OF ANHYDROUS CALCIUM CHLORIDE OR OF SMALL QUANTITIES OF MINERAL ACID.

Fragrance Ingredients

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Flavouring Agent -> FLAVOURING_AGENT -> JECFA Functional Classes

Ethane, 1,1-diethoxy-: ACTIVE

ASSAY OF PURITY: 97% MINIMUM; FREE OF DISSOLVED METALS, CHLORIDES, SULFATES AND WATER. ... /IT IS/ PRESENT IN SOME LIQUORS (EG, SAKE AND WHISKY); ALSO DETECTED AND QUANT ASSESSED IN RUM. REPORTED USES: NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, 7.3 PPM; ICE CREAM, ICES, ETC, 52 PPM; CANDY, 39 PPM; BAKED GOODS, 60-120 PPM.

Of several herbicides, acetal was the most effective, controlling witch-grass, Panicum capillare by 88%, and incr the yield of corn grain by 47%.