rac-(αR*)-α-[2-(4-クロロフェニル)エチル]-α-tert-ブチル-1H-1,2,4-トリアゾール-1-エタノール

Agrochemicals -> Pesticide active substances

Active substance -> EU Pesticides database: Approved

Pesticides -> Fungicides

Biocide

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Fungicides, Plant growth regulators

log Kow = 3.7

3.7

0.00000001 [mmHg]

1.7X10-6 Pa (1.3X10-8 mm Hg) at 20 °C

166.8 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: DT; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: ESI+; Dataset: TOXCAST; Source Identifier: DTXSID9032113]

167.37 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW]

166.25 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW; Buffer gas: N2; Ionization: GC-APCI+]

166.8 Ų [M+H]+

Warning

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P203, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P318, P330, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Warning

H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

P203, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P317, P318, P330, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 (amended)

Tebuconazole is listed in the dataset of EPA Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides under the Safe Drinking Water Act (40 eCFR 141)

2008/125, Reg. (EU) 2019/707, Reg. (EU) 2020/1160, Reg. (EU) 2021/745, Reg. (EU) 2022/708, Reg. (EU) 2023/1446, Reg. (EU) No 540/2011, Reg. (EU) No 921/2014

Status: Cease Manufacture Update: 10-11-2008 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/4163

Tebuconazole: HSNO Approval: HSR002879 Approved with controls

Harmful if swallowed; Caused hypertrophy of the adrenal glands in a 1-year dog study; Not a skin sensitizer; Not genotoxic; Not likely to cause cancer in humans; Possible risk of harm to the unborn child; [EFSA: Tebuconazole - 2008] May cause irritation; [MSDSonline]

Tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in or on the following raw agricultural commodities: [Table#7098]

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide, tebuconazole and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite. [Table#7099]

Time-limited tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7100]

Time-limited tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7101]

New Active Ingredients ... includes pesticide active ingredients initially registered after November 1, 1984, that currently have active product registrations. By law, these newer pesticides are not subject to the reregistration program. They must, however, meet the new safety standard of the FQPA, and will be reviewed on a 15-year cycle under the registration review program. ... Active Ingredient Number: 128997; Type of Pesticide:Conventional- Fungicide; Use Site:Food use; Year: 1994.

Acute Tox. 4 (100%)

Reproductive toxicity - category 2

Acute toxicity (Inhalation: Dusts and mists) - Category 2

Carcinogenicity - Category 1B

Repr. 2

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in or on the following raw agricultural commodities: [Table#7094]

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide, tebuconazole and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite. [Table#7095]

Time-limited tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7096]

Time-limited tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7097]

LC50 Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard duck) diet >4816 ppm/8 days[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on alpha-

LD50 Colinus virginianus (Bobwhtie quail, age 20 weeks) oral 1988 mg/kg[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on alpha-

LC50 Colinus virginianus (Bobwhtie quail, age 13 days) diet >5000 ppm/12 days[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on alpha-

LC50 Americamysis bahia (Opossum shrimp, age <24 hr) 0.49 ppm/96 hr (95% confidence limit: 0.32-0.66 ppm); flow through /96.3% AI formulated product/[USEPA, Office of Pesticide Programs; Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (2000) on alpha-

For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for TEBUCONAZOLE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 470 to 6,000(2-4), indicate that tebuconazole is expected to have moderate to no mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tebuconazole from moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law of 1.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole derived from its vapor pressure 1.3X10-8 mm Hg(5), and water solubility, 36 mg/L(5). Tebuconazole is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure. Biodegradation data were not available (SRC, 2006).

AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 470-6000(2-4), indicate that tebuconazole is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(5) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole derived from its vapor pressure, 1.3X10-8 mm Hg(6), and water solubility, 36 mg/L(6). According to a classification scheme(7), an estimated BCF of 140(SRC), from its log Kow of 3.7(6) and a regression-derived equation(8) suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2006).

ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tebuconazole, which has a vapor pressure of 1.3x10-8 mm Hg at 20 °C(2) is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase tebuconazole may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). Tebuconazole does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(2).

Tebuconazole was detected but not quantified in FDA pesticide monitoring studies from 1995, 2000, 2002 and 2003(1-4). These studies analyzed residue in grains, dairy, fish, fruits, vegetables and animal feeds from both the US and foreign sources.

Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

Using column chromatography, the mean Koc of tebuconazole was calculated to be 1,023(1). In a similar study, a log Koc 2.67 corresponding to a Koc of about 470 was determined using a column loaded with 14 g of soil and assayed via HPLC(2). Using soil thin layer chromatography, a log Koc of 3.7 corresponding to a Koc of 6,000 was determined(3). According to a classification scheme(4), Koc values of 150 to 500 suggest moderate mobility, 500 to 2,000 are low mobility, and values >5,000 are considered to be immobile in soil.

An estimated BCF of 140 was calculated for tebuconazole(SRC), using a log Kow of 3.7(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for tebuconazole is estimated as 1.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 1.3X10-8 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 36 mg/L (1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tebuconazole is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil and water surfaces(2). Tebuconazole is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The symptoms of acute poisoning described in rats consisted of sedation, locomotor incoordination, spastic gait and emaciation.[WHO/FAO; Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues on Tebuconazole (107534-96-3). Available from, as of July 6, 2006: http://www.inchem.org/pages/jmpr.html]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Non-irritating to skin; mild irritant to eyes (rabbits).[Tomlin CDS, ed. Tebuconazole (107534-96-3). In: The e-Pesticide Manual, 13th Edition Version 3.2 (2005-06). Surrey UK, British Crop Protection Council.]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Tebuconazole did not reveal skin-sensitizing potential in a maximization test in guinea-pigs.[WHO/FAO; Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues on Tebuconazole (107534-96-3). Available from, as of July 6, 2006: http://www.inchem.org/pages/jmpr.html]

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Tebuconazole did not irritate the skin of rabbits, and administration of 50 mg into the conjunctival sac did not induce irritation of the eye. In another study, instillation of 100 mg into the conjunctival sac of rabbits caused slight irritation of the conjunctiva.[WHO/FAO; Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues on Tebuconazole (107534-96-3). Available from, as of July 6, 2006: http://www.inchem.org/pages/jmpr.html]

For more Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for TEBUCONAZOLE (34 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tebuconazole is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1) and has been shown to be stable to hydrolysis(2). Tebuconazole does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and has been shown to be stable to photolysis by direct sunlight(2).

Occupational exposure to tebuconazole may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tebuconazole is produced or used. The general population may be exposed to tebuconazole through dermal contact with crops treated with this fungicide or from ingestion of contaminated food. (SRC)

Tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in or on the following raw agricultural commodities: [Table#7098]

Tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide, tebuconazole and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite. [Table#7099]

Time-limited tolerances are established for residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7100]

Time-limited tolerances are established for the combined residues of the fungicide tebuconazole (alpha-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl)-ethyl]-alpha-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-ethanol) and its 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl-methyl)-pentane-3,5-diol metabolite in connection with use of the pesticide under section 18 emergency exemptions granted by EPA. The tolerances will expire and are revoked on the dates specified in the following table. [Table#7101]

New Active Ingredients ... includes pesticide active ingredients initially registered after November 1, 1984, that currently have active product registrations. By law, these newer pesticides are not subject to the reregistration program. They must, however, meet the new safety standard of the FQPA, and will be reviewed on a 15-year cycle under the registration review program. ... Active Ingredient Number: 128997; Type of Pesticide:Conventional- Fungicide; Use Site:Food use; Year: 1994.

Biotransformation proceeded by oxidation reactions, resulting in hydroxy, carboxy, triol and ketoacid metabolites and conjugates as well as triazole.

Among the metabolites identified, oxidation of the #5 carbon of the pentane chain to an alcohol and then to a carboxyl group was the primary pathway. These metabolites were then further conjugated to either sulfate or glucuronide. The metabolic profile was altered at the higher dose level with a shift to a greater percentage of the alcohol in comparison to the carboxyl containing metabolite. The treatment with the labeled triazole moiety resulted in largely the same metabolic profile except for the recovery of labeled triazole in the urine.

...Rats were treated with tebuconazole labelled with 14C either in the phenyl ring or in the 3,5-triazole ring, with or without pretreatment with unlabelled compound, the main metabolites were the oxidation products of one of the methyl groups of the tertiary butyl moiety, i.e. the alcohol and the carboxylic acid. Metabolism in female animals resulted preferentially in simple oxidation products (eg, hydroxy and carboxy metabolites) and then conjugation to the glucuronide and sulfate, with only minor cleavage of the triazole moiety. In male animals, the primary oxidation products were further oxidized to triol and keto acid derivatives; in addition, cleavage of triazole occurred, as indicated in trials with triazole-labelled compound. The free triazole accounted for about 5% in the urine of the males and 1.5% in that of females. Parent compound was found in only minor amounts.

In a study /with/ lactating goats, the metabolic pathway was similar to that found in rats. The major metabolite identified was the tert-butyl alcohol derivative and its conjugate; the parent compound was also found.

In a study /with/ laying hens ... , hydroxylation of the tert-butyl group followed by conjugation to the sulfate was the major metabolic pathway.

/In animals/ after three days, elimination was almost complete (>99%). Tebuconazole was excreted with the urine and the feces.

(Phenyl-U-14C)-/tebuconazole/ (specific activity: 84.4 mCi/mg; radiochemical purity:> 99%) was administered to 5 rats/sex/group at single doses of 2 or 20 mg/kg or after repeated dosing of 2 mg/kg with non-radiolabeled test material for 14 days, a single dose of labeled material at 2 mg/kg. Radiolabeled material was assayed in the plasma, urine, and feces of all groups and in the bile and expired CO2 of one group each. Maximum relative plasma concentrations ranged from 0.11 to 0.20 and were achieved 0.33 to 1.7 hours after administration of the test material. After 72 hours, % excreted ranged from 91 to 98%. A difference in sex-related excretion of the test material was noted with males having a urine/feces ratio of 16/78 in contrast to the females which excreted at a ratio of 30/62. Biliary excretion was only measured in males. Ninety percent of the radiolabel was recovered in the bile after a single pass through the liver. Only 0.03% of the radiolabel was recovered in the expired air. Residual label in the tissues (excluding the gastrointestinal tract) ranged from 0.21 to 0.67% of the administered dose after 72 hours.

(Phenyl-U-14C)-/tebuconazole/ (specific activity: 84.4 mCi/mg; radiochemical purity: > 99%) was administered to 5 rats/sex/group at single doses of 2 or 20 mg/kg or after repeated dosing of 2 mg/kg with non-radiolabeled test material for 14 days, a single dose of labelled material at 2 mg/kg. (Triazole-3,5-14C)-/tebuconazole/ (specific activity: 56.5 mCi/mg; radiochemical purity-98.4%) was administered to 5 rats/sex at a single dose of 20 mg/kg. Radiolabeled material was assayed in the urine, and feces of all groups for up to 72 hours. The chemical structures of specific radiolabeled metabolites were identified. Females showed a higher renal elimination rate than males (26 to 35% vs. 15 to 18%, respectively). Conversely, males exhibited a higher portion of excreted radioactivity in the feces (77 to 80% vs. 60 to 67%, respectively).

After oral administration of tebuconazole to rats, 65-80% of the dose was eliminated by the biliary and fecal route, whereas elimination in urine amounted to about 16-35%. Males had a greater biliary and fecal elimination than females. Biotransformation proceeded by oxidation reactions, resulting in hydroxy, carboxy, triol and ketoacid metabolites and conjugates as well as triazole.

For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for TEBUCONAZOLE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Used fungicide for seed treatment or foliar spray on cereal, peanuts, oilseed rape, grapes, pome fruit, stone fruit, and bananas; [HSDB] Used in wood preservatives; [eChemPortal: ESIS]

Farming (Pesticides) [Category: Industry]

For Tebuconazole (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 128997) ACTIVE products with label matches. /SRP: Registered for use in the U.S. but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

... Effective seed treatment against bunts, smuts, and Septoria species on cereals. As a foliar spray, it acts against rust, powdery mildew, and leaf and head diseases ... .

Fungicide; For use on cereal, peanuts, oilseed rape, grapes, pome fruit, stone fruit, and Sigatoka on bananas.

G. Holmwood et al., European patent 40,345 ... US patent 4,723,984 (1981, 1988 both to Bayer)

Produced by opening the 2-tert-butyl-2-(4-chlorophenethyl) oxirane with 1,2,4-triazole in the presence of a base.

Emulsifiable concentrate, flowable, seed dressing, oil-water emulsion, water dispersible granule, wettable powder, emulsion for seed treatment.

Trade Names: Folicur, Raxil, Elite, Horizon, Lynx, Matador

Selected products: Elite (spray, USA); Folicur (spray); Raxil (seed treatment); Busker; Orius. Mixtures: Horizon (+triadimenol) (spray); Matador (+triadimenol) (spray); Pronto Plus (+spiroxamine) (spray, Germany); Raxil S (+triazoxide) (seed treatment); Scenic (+fluoxastrobin +prothioconazole). Other products: Abnakis (spray, France); Calao (spray, France); Corail (spray, France); Folicur Solo (spray, Rumania); Gainer (spray, UK); Horizon arbo (spray, France); Horizont (spray, Switzerland); Libero Top (spray, Portugal); Lynx 25 (spray, USA); Maronee (spray, France); Raxil Liquido (seed treatment, Italy); Raxil R (seed treatment, South Africa); Silvacur (spray, Japan, Korea); Silvacur C (spray, Uruguay); Silvacur FH (spray, Uruguay); Tabou (spray, France); Triada (spray, France); Triade (spray, France). Mixtures: Abilis (+triadimenol) (spray, France); Agate (+prochloraz) (spray, UK); Akzent (+guazatine) (seed treatment, Germany, Switzerland); Alpha Raxil CA (+anthraquinone +captan) (seed treatment, France); Arena C (+fludioxonil) (seed treatment, Germany); Array (+spiroxamine) (spray, UK); Balaika (+prochloraz); Bayer UK 413 (+carbendazim) (spray, UK); Beam (+spiroxamine) (spray, UK); Boson (+guazatine) (seed treatment, Germany); Bronze (+spiroxamine) (spray, UK); Bufalo (+fenpropidin) (spray, Belgium); Buster (+spiroxamine) (spray, France); Cartoon (+carbendazim) (spray, France); Cosinus (+propiconazole) (spray, France); Diams (+prochloraz) (spray, France); Draco (+spiroxamine) (spray, UK); Dubelt Jeczmien (+triazoxide) (seed treatment, Poland); Endeavour (+propiconazole) (spray, UK); Épopée (+prochloraz) (spray, France); Falcon (+spiroxamine +triadimenol) (spray); Folicur BT (+triadimefon) (spray, E Europe); Folicur C (+carbendazim) (spray, S. Africa); Folicur Combi (+sulfur) (spray, Italy); Folicur Combi (+dichlofluanid) (spray, Spain); Folicur E (+dichlofluanid) (spray, E. Europe); Folicur EM (+tolylfluanid) (spray, Germany); Folicur Forte (+fenpropidin) (spray, Ireland); Folicur Multi (+tolylfluanid) (spray); Folicur Top (+triadimefon) (spray, Hungary); Garnet (+triadimenol) (spray, UK); Gaucho Orge (+imidacloprid +triazoxide) (seed treatment, France, Belgium); Gaucho Rx 246 FS (+imidacloprid) (seed treatment, Sudan, Ethiopia, Latin America); Hattrick (+tolylfluanid) (spray, Czech Republic, Slovakia); Hudson (+spiroxamine) (spray, France); Inca (+carbendazim) (spray, Belgium); Libéro (+carbendazim) (spray, France, Belgium); Monicle (+fenpropidin) (spray, UK); Nébraska (+prochloraz) (spray, France); Orca (+spiroxamine) (spray, Belgium, France); Raxil (+thiram) (seed treatment, E Europe); Raxil (+imazalil) (seed treatment, East Europe); Raxil C (+cypermethrin) (seed treatment, Australia); Raxil Complex Liquido (+imazalil) (seed treatment, Italy); Raxil Extra (+thiram) (seed treatment, Poland); Raxil Flow (+thiram) (seed treatment, Chile); Raxil G (+guazatine) (seed treatment); Raxil Gel 206 (+thiram) (seed treatment, Poland); Raxil IM (+imazalil) (seed treatment); Raxil Plus (+thiram) (seed treatment, Uruguay); Raxil Secur (+imidacloprid +triazoxide) (seed treatment, UK); Raxil T (+triflumuron) (seed treatment, Australia); Raxil T (+thiram) (seed treatment, E Europe); Raxil TM Liquido (+thiram) (seed treatment, Italy); Raxil Vital (+thiram) (seed treatment, E Europe); Rush (+fenpropidin) (spray, France); Sage (+spiroxamine) (spray, UK); Silvacur (+triadimenol) (spray, UK); Silvacur (+dichlofluanid) (spray, Israel); Silvacur Combi (+triadimenol) (spray, Central America); Soleil (+bromuconazole) (spray, France); Tiebreak (+fenhexamid); Toreador (+carbendazim) (spray, S. Africa); Tricur (+carbendazim); Turfsiba (+pencycuron) (spray, Japan); Veto F (+triadimenol) (spray, UK); Cabestor (+propiconazole) (spray, France); Celeste Orge (+anthraquinone +cyprodinil +fludioxonil) (seed treatment, France); Cogito (+propiconazole) (spray); Gaucho XT (+imidacloprid +metalaxyl); Gladio (+fenpropidin +propiconazole) (spray, Germany); Landor CT (+difenoconazole +fludioxonil) (seed treatment, Germany); Masterlin PTS (+gamma-HCH) (seed treatment, Rumania); Raxil MD Extra (+imazalil +metalaxyl); Raxil-Thiram (+thiram) (seed treatment, USA); Solitär (+cyprodinil +fludioxonil) (seed treatment); Young-gune (+fenhexamid) (spray, Korea). Discontinued products: Halt (spray, UK); Raxil Dry' (seed treatment, Australia); Raxil Flowable (seed treatment, Australia). Mixtures: Allicur (+tridemorph) (spray, UK); Arena (+fenpiclonil) (seed treatment, Germany); Aurore (+tridemorph) (spray, France); Dipper (+tridemorph); Ferial Orge (+imidacloprid +triazoxide) (seed treatment, France); Folicur Bayfidan (+triadimenol) (spray, Switzerland); Pronto (+fenpropidin) (spray, Germany); Ranger (+fenpropimorph) (spray, Germany); Raxil (+triazoxide) (seed treatment, Norway); Raxil Combi (+triazoxide) (seed treatment, Spain); Raxil WS (+imazalil) (seed treatment, E Europe); Larin (+fenpiclonil +imazalil) (seed treatment, Germany).

Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Fungicides, Plant growth regulators