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ピペラジン二塩酸塩一水和物
ピペラジン二塩酸塩一水和物 · ピペラジンジヒドロクロリド · ピペラジン二塩酸塩 · 塩酸ピペラジン一水和物 · ピペラジン二塩酸塩水和物 · ピペラジン・塩酸塩 · Piperazine 2HCl · PipDCl
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 142-64-3 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C4H12Cl2N2 |
| 平均分子量 | 159.05 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 158.0377538 g/mol |
| SMILES | C1CNCCN1.Cl.Cl |
| InChIKey | CVVIJWRCGSYCMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 8893 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3188015 |
| EC No. | 205-551-2 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID4047096 |
| 現地名 | ピペラジン二塩酸塩一水和物 |
化学・物理的性質
| 極性表面積 | 24.1 |
|---|---|
| 水素結合供与体数 | 4 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 2 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 0 |
| 重原子数 | 8 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 26 |
| Color/Form | CREAM COLORED CRYSTALLINE POWDERWHITE NEEDLESWhite to creamy colored needles or powder. |
| 溶解度 | 41 % (NIOSH, 2024)SOLUBILITY IN WATER: 35% @ 0 °C, 41% @ 20 °C, 48% @ 50 °CINSOL IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS水 |
| Decomposition | When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of nitrous oxide and hydrogen chloride. |
| 融点 | 635 °F (NIOSH, 2024)320°C(dec.)(lit.) |
| Physical Description | Piperazine dihydrochloride appears as white to cream-colored needles or powder. Mp: 318-20 °C (with decomposition).White to cream-colored needles or powder[NIOSH]White to cream-colored needles or powder. |
| Stability/Shelf Life | STABLE @ TEMP TO 270 °C & IN NEUTRAL OR ACID MEDIAStability of piperazine can be accomplished by use of its simple salts, /including hydrochloride/, which are more stable than the piperazine base. |
| Other Experimental Properties | SLIGHTLY HYGROSCOPIC82-83 °C /Monohydrate/ |
| 沸点 | 262.01°C (rough estimate) |
| 密度 | 1.3011 (rough estimate) |
| 屈折率 | 1.6300 (estimate) |
| 貯蔵条件 | Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature |
| 外観・状態 | 白色結晶性固体 |
| 色 | ホワイトからオフホワイト |
| 主な用途 | 医薬品（低分子化合物） |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C4H10N2.2ClH/c1-2-6-4-3-5-1/h5-6H,1-4H22*1H |
| InChIKey | CVVIJWRCGSYCMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | C1NCCNC1.Cl.Cl |
| LogP（分配係数） | -1.171 (est) |
| CAS データベース | 142-64-3(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Piperazine dihydrochloride (142-64-3) |
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | DangerH315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]H334: May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled [Danger Sensitization, respiratory]H361fd: Suspected of damaging fertilitySuspected of damaging the unborn child [Warning Reproductive toxicity]H412: Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]P203, P233, P260, P261, P264, P264+P265, P271, P272, P273, P280, P284, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P318, P321, P332+P317, P333+P317, P337+P317, P342+P316, P362+P364, P403, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement) |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: Piperazine, dihydrochlorideHazard Traits - Respiratory ToxicityAuthoritative List - EC Annex VI Resp. Sens. - Cat. 1Report - if used as a fragrance or flavor ingredientPiperazine dihydrochloride: Does not have an individual approval but may be used as a component in a product covered by a group standard. It is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right. |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Piperazine salts: Human health tier II assessment |
| 健康有害性 | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Piperazine dihydrochloride:Exposure Routes: Inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contactSymptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory systemskin burns, sensitizationasthmagastrointestinal upset, headache, nausea, vomiting, incoordination, muscle weakTarget Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system (NIOSH, 2024) |
| 有害性の概要 | Piperazine dihydrochloride is well tolerated as an oral medication at a dose of 150 mg/kg for several days. Skin burns, allergic contact dermatitis, and asthma have been reported after occupational exposures to piperazine dust. [ACGIH] Piperazine, CAS # 110-85-0, is corrosive to skin. [Quick CPC] Asthma reported in pharmaceutical and chemical production workers[Malo] Allergic contact dermatitis reported in pharmaceutical, laboratory, healthcare, and veterinary workers[Kanerva, p. 1827] See Piperazine and salts. |
| FDA 要件 | Manufacturers, packers, and distributors of drug and drug products for human use are responsible for complying with the labeling, certification, and usage requirements as prescribed by the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended (secs 201-902, 52 Stat. 1040 et seq., as amended21 U.S.C. 321-392). |
| 反応性グループ | Salts, Acidic |
| Reactivity Profile | This compound is incompatible with the following: Water, HEAT, flames, oxidizers. It absorbs moisture from air. It may create flammable condition upon contact with HEAT, FLAMES and OXIDIZERS. |
| Flammable Limits | Combustible Solid, but does not ignite easily. |
| Air and Water Reactions | No rapid reaction with air. No rapid reaction with water. Soluble in water. |
| NIOSH Recommendations | Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 5 mg/cu m. |
| Hazard Classes and Categories | Skin Irrit. 2 (100%)Skin Sens. 1 (97.6%)Eye Irrit. 2 (100%)Resp. Sens. 1 (97.6%)Repr. 2 (92.9%)Aquatic Chronic 3 (95.2%)Eye irritation - category 2ASkin irritation - category 2Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) - category 1Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 2Respiratory sensitisation - category 1Skin sensitisation - category 1Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - category 3Reproductive toxicity - category 2Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 5Skin corrosion/irritation - Category 2Serious eye damage/eye irritation - Category 2A-2BAquatic Chronic 3 |
| Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities | Water [Note: Slightly hygroscopic (i.e., absorbs moisture from the air)].Water [Note: Slightly hygroscopic (i.e., absorbs moisture from the air).] |
| 応急処置 | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Piperazine dihydrochloride:Eye: IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately.Skin: WATER FLUSH IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly.Breathing: RESPIRATORY SUPPORT - If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform artificial respiration. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible.Swallow: MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2024)(General first aid procedures)Breathing: Respiratory supportSwallow: Medical attention immediately - If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. |
| 処分方法 | SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. |
| Preventive Measures | If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and othersources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. /Piperazine/Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Piperazine/The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises. |
| Respirator Recommendations | Important additional information about respirator selection |
| Threshold Limit Values (TLV) | 8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 5 mg/cu m.Excursion Limit Recommendation: Excursions in worker exposure levels may exceed 3 times the TLV-TWA for no more than a total of 30 minutes during a work day, and under no circumstances should they exceed 5 times the TLV-TWA, provided that the TLV-TWA is not exceeded.0.03 ppm (inhalable fraction and vapor) [2011] |
| Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) | none See Appendix G |
| Recommended Exposure Limit (REL) | 5 mg/m³TWA 5 mg/m3 |
| Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) | Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Piperazine dihydrochloride:Skin: PREVENT SKIN CONTACT - Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.Eyes: PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.Wash skin: WHEN CONTAMINATED - The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.Remove: WHEN WET OR CONTAMINATED - Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.Change: DAILY - Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.Provide:⢠EYEWASH - Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substancesthis is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection.⢠QUICK DRENCH - Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] (NIOSH, 2024)Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substanceFacilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. [Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.] |
| Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) | N.D.See: IDLH INDEX |
| 相互作用 | IN ISOLATED FROG & RABBIT HEARTS PIPERAZINE PRODUCED BIPHASIC EFFECT WITH INITIAL NEG INOTROPIC ACTION FOLLOWED BY POS INOTROPIC ACTION. FORMER PHASE WAS ANTAGONIZED BY ATROPINE, HEXAMETHONIUM & DIGOXIN. DIRECT ACTION ON THE HEART IS SUGGESTED. /PIPERAZINE HYDROGEN CHLORIDE/ |
| 標的器官 | Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system |
| 有害作用 | Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin.Asthma - Reversible bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchioles) initiated by the inhalation of irritating or allergenic agents. |
| 暴露経路 | inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
| Signs and Symptoms | irritation eyes, skin, respiratory systemskin burns, sensitizationasthmagastrointestinal upset, headache, nausea, vomiting, incoordination, muscle weak |
| Human Toxicity Excerpts | ... SIDE EFFECTS ... INCL HEADACHES, NAUSEA, VOMITING, DIARRHEA, LETHARGY, TREMOR, INCOORDINATION, MUSCULAR WEAKNESS ... & VAGUE OCULAR DISTURBANCES. /PIPERAZINE SALTS/LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS, DYSARTHRIA, APRAXIA, CLONIC SPASMS, TREMOR, MUSCULAR WEAKNESS, DROPPING OF OBJECTS, INABILITY TO THINK CLEARLY &/OR HALLUCINATIONS SEEN IN 35 YR OLD PT WITH TERMINAL RENAL FAILURE TAKING 30 MG PIPERAZINE HEXAHYDRATE/KG BODY WT/DAY FOR 10 DAYS. /PIPERAZINE HEXAHYDRATE/SEVERE ILLNESS OCCURRED IN A 25 YR OLD WOMAN AFTER ADMIN OF PIPERAZINE ON 2 SEPARATE OCCASIONS. EVIDENCE FAVORS A HYPERSENSITIVITY MECHANISM RATHER THAN A DIRECT TOXIC EFFECT OF DRUG OR ITS METABOLITES. /PIPERAZINE/ACUTE HUMAN EXPOSURES HAVE RESULTED IN MILD TO MODERATE SKIN BURNS & SENSITIZATION. MILD TO MODERATE ASTHMA HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH INHALATION OF DUST. |
| Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts | EYE CONTACT, MARKED PAIN AND MODERATE EYE IRRITATION WHICH HEALS IN 2 DAYS WITH NO CORNEAL INJURY. SKIN CONTACT VERY SLIGHT IRRITATION.VOMITING & DIARRHEA IS OCCASIONALLY REPORTED IN CATS & DOGS ESPECIALLY IF OVERDOSED. /ORAL ADMIN/IN ISOLATED FROG & RABBIT HEARTS PIPERAZINE PRODUCED BIPHASIC EFFECT WITH INITIAL NEG INOTROPIC ACTION FOLLOWED BY POS INOTROPIC ACTION. FORMER PHASE WAS ANTAGONIZED BY ATROPINE, HEXAMETHONIUM & DIGOXIN. DIRECT ACTION ON HEART IS SUGGESTED. /PIPERAZINE/ |
| Non-Human Toxicity Values | LD50 Rat oral 4,900 mg/kg |
| F | 3-10 |
| 職業暴露区分（OEB） | B |
| 職業暴露限界（OEL） | TWA: 5 mg/m3 |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | WGK 2 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | TL4025000 |
| 毒性 | mouse,LD50,intraperitoneal,1970mg/kg (1970mg/kg),LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION,Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 17, Pg. 475, 1967. |
| 税関コード | 2933599550 |
| 危険文句（R） | 36/37/38-42/43 |
| 危険表示 | Xn |
| 安全措置（S） | 22-26-36/37 |
| 危険等級 | Aquatic Chronic 3Eye Irrit. 2Repr. 2Resp. Sens. 1Skin Irrit. 2Skin Sens. 1 |
| 貯蔵分類 | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| 有害物質データ | 142-64-3(Hazardous Substances Data) |
用途
用途
有機合成原料、駆虫剤。
使用
Piperazine Dihydrochloride is an anthelmintic agent used in the treatment of parasitic worms in animals.
一般的な説明
White to cream-colored needles or powder. Mp: 318-20°C (with decomposition).
製法・合成法
純化方法
Crystallise the salt from aqueous EtOH and dry it at 110o. [Beilstein 23 III/IV 17, 23/1 V 30.]