化工社化工社 化学情報印刷レポート · 研究参考用
シュウ酸
1,2-ジヒドロキシ-1,2-エタンジオン · エタン二酸 · シユウ酸 · しゅう酸(無水) · 蓚酸 · しゅう酸,無水 · 0.0125MOL/Lしゅう酸溶液(N/40) · 0.05MOL/Lしゅう酸溶液(N/10)
識別子と物理属性
| CAS No. | 144-62-7 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | C2H2O4 |
| 平均分子量 | 90.03 g/mol |
| 単同位体質量 | 89.99530854 g/mol |
| SMILES | O=C(O)C(=O)O |
| InChIKey | MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| PubChem CID | 971 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL146755 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:16995 |
| EC No. | 205-634-3 |
| DTXSID | DTXSID0025816 |
| 現地名 | シュウ酸 |
化学・物理的性質
| XLogP | -0.3 |
|---|---|
| 極性表面積 | 74.6 |
| 水素結合供与体数 | 2 |
| 水素結合受容体数 | 4 |
| 回転可能結合数 | 1 |
| 重原子数 | 6 |
| 形式電荷 | 0 |
| 複雑度 | 71.5 |
| 物質分類 | Other Classes -> Organic AcidsCorrosives |
| 化粧品 | Chelating |
| 香料 | Fragrance Ingredient (Ethanedioic acid) -> IFRA transparency List |
| LogP（分配係数） | -0.81 |
| 臭い | Odorless.無臭 |
| 密度 | 1.9 at 59 °F (USCG, 1999) - Denser than waterwill sink1.90 @ 17 DEG/4 °C, ALPHA1.9 g/cm³1.9 @ 17°C0.99 g/mL at 25 °C |
| Color/Form | ANHYDROUS OXALIC ACID, CRYSTALLIZED FROM GLACIAL ACETIC ACID IS ORTHORHOMBIC, CRYSTALS BEING PYRAMIDAL OR ELONGATED OCTAHEDRAColorless powder or granular solid [Note: The anhydrous form (COOH)2 is a white powder]. |
| 溶解度 | 50 to 100 mg/mL at 75 °F (NTP, 1992)100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 15 °C CONTAINS 6.71 G100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 20 °C CONTAINS 8.34 G100 G AQ SOLN SATURATED @ 25 °C CONTAINS 9.81 GVERY SOL IN ETHANOLSLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHERINSOL IN BENZENE, CHLOROFORM, PETROLEUM ETHERWater solubility of 220,000 mg/l at 25 °C220 mg/mL at 25 °C水：25℃で可溶108g/L90g/L(20℃) |
| 沸点 | Sublimes (NIOSH, 2024)365.1°C (estimate) |
| Decomposition | ... DECOMP PRODUCTS INCL CARBON MONOXIDE & FORMIC ACID. |
| 融点 | 372 °F (Decomposes) (NTP, 1992)189.5 °C (DECOMPOSES)189.5 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| 蒸気密度 | 4.3 (NTP, 1992) - Heavier than airwill sink (Relative to Air)4.4 (vs air) |
| 蒸気圧 | <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| 屈折率 | 1.4261 (estimate) |
| 引火点 | 101-157°C |
| 貯蔵条件 | Store below +30°C. |
| 外観・状態 | 液体 |
| pKa（酸解離定数） | 1.23(at 25℃) |
| 色 | 白い |
| pH | 3(1 mM solution)2.09(10 mM solution)1.31(100 mM solution) |
| 比熱容量 | Cp(crystal): 1.01 J/(g·K)Cp(gas): 0.96 J/(g·K), at 25℃ |
| Merck | 14,6911 |
| BRN | 385686 |
| ヘンリー定数 | 1.43 at pH 4 (quoted, Gaffney et al., 1987) |
| 安定性 | 安定していますが、水分に敏感です。金属と互換性がありません。 |
| 化粧品成分の機能 | キレート化 |
| InChI | 1S/C2H2O4/c3-1(4)2(5)6/h(H,3,4)(H,5,6) |
| InChIKey | MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| SMILES | OC(=O)C(O)=O |
| LogP（分配係数） | -1.7 at 23℃ |
| CAS データベース | 144-62-7(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NISTの化学物質情報 | Oxalic acid(144-62-7) |
| EPAの化学物質情報 | Oxalic acid (144-62-7) |
化学的特性
オキサル酸は化学式でC2H2O4と表される有機化合物です二塩基性の最も単純なカルボン酸の一つでありその塩は一般にオキシレートと呼ばれます自然界では多くの植物特にサボテンや野菜の中に存在し人間の代謝過程でも生成される物質です
化学的特性
Oxalic acid is a colorless, odorless powder, or granular solid. The anhydrous form (COOH)2 is an odorless, white solid; the solution is a colorless liquid.
化学性质
オキサル酸は無色で結晶性の固体であり水に溶けやすい特性を持っています酸性が強く触れると肌を刺激することがありますまた有害な場合もあるため取り扱いには注意が必要ですこの酸は工業的には漂白剤染料清掃剤など多岐にわたる用途で使用されています
安全性と法規制
| GHS 分類 | WarningH302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]P264, P270, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P317, P321, P330, P362+P364, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)This chemical does not meet GHS hazard criteria for 0.2% (2 of 1282) of reports.DangerH302 (99.8%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral] |
|---|---|
| 規制情報 | Chemical: Ethanedioic acidEthanedioic acid is listed on the EPA's Chemical Data Reporting (CDR) system. Manufacturers and importers of Ethanedioic acid are required to report information about their production and use of this chemical to the EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). (40 eCFR Part 711)Status: Active Update: 25-07-2022 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14786Oxalic acid: Does not have an individual approval but may be used under an appropriate group standardThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Ethanedioic acid: Environment tier I assessment |
| 輸送ラベル（DOT） | Corrosive |
| 火災危険 | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Generates poisonous gases (USCG, 1999)Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. |
| 健康有害性 | As dust or as a solution, can cause severe burns of eyes, skin, or mucous membranes. Ingestion of 5 grams has caused death with symptoms of nausea, shock, collapse, and convulsions coming on rapidly. Repeated or prolonged skin exposure can cause dermatitis and slow-healing ulcers. (USCG, 1999) |
| 有害性の概要 | Liquid causes second or third degree burns after short contact. [CHRIS] TLV Basis is irritation (eye, skin and upper respiratory tract)[ACGIH] Solutions range from irritating to corrosive. Inhalation of high concentrations may induce chemical pneumonitis. Ingestion of oxalic acid or soluble oxalate compounds causes acute hypocalcemia and deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in the brain, heart, kidney, and other organs. In plant poisoning cases, ingestion of insoluble oxalate compounds causes irritation and swelling of the mouth, throat, and esophagus. [Olson, p. 360-1] A corrosive substance that can cause pulmonary edema after inhalation of aerosol[ICSC] May cause kidney damage, hypocalcemia, and hepatic necrosis in severe poisoning cases following ingestion[HSDB] |
| 反応性グループ | Acids, Carboxylic |
| EC 分類 | Symbol: XnR: 21/22S: (2)-24/25 |
| UN 分類 | UN Hazard Class: 8UN Pack Group: III |
| FIFRA 要件 | Residues of oxalic acid are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a calcium chelating hard water inhibitor in accordance with good agricultural practices as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest. Limits: No more oxalic acid should be used than is necessary to chelate calcium and, in no case, should more than 2 lb oxalic acid per acre be used. |
| OSHA Standards | Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m.Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 1 mg/cu mSTEL 2 mg/cu m is still enforced in some states. |
| Reactivity Profile | OXALIC ACID is hygroscopic and sensitive to heat. This compound may react violently with furfuryl alcohol, silver, sodium, perchlorate, sodium hypochlorite, strong oxidizers, sodium chlorite, acid chlorides, metals and alkali metals. (NTP, 1992). The heating of mixtures of Oxalic acid and urea has lead to explosions. This is due to the rapid generation of the gases CO2, CO, and NH3 [Praxis Naturwiss. Chem., 1987, 36(8), 41-42]. Oxalic acid and urea react at high temperatures to form toxic and flammable ammonia and carbon monoxide gases, and inert CO2 gas [Von Bentzinger, R. et al., Praxis Naturwiss. Chem., 1987, 36(8), 41-42]. |
| 消火 | Fires involving this compound may be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)Use water spray, powder, foam, carbon dioxide. In case of fire: keep drums, etc., cool by spraying with water. |
| 応急処置措置 | Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower for at least 15 minutes. Refer for medical attention .Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer immediately for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Do NOT induce vomiting. Refer immediately for medical attention. |
| 応急処置 | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.(General first aid procedures) |
| 安全保管 | Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Dry. Well closed. |
| 消火手順 | USE WATER SPRAY, DRY CHEM, "ALC RESISTANT" FOAM, OR CARBON DIOXIDE. DUST MAY BE REDUCED WITH WATER SPRAY. AQUEOUS SOLUTION MUST BE CONTAINED FOR DISPOSAL. USE WATER TO KEEP FIRE-EXPOSED CONTAINERS COOL. WATER MAY CAUSE FOAMING OF MOLTEN MATERIAL. /OXALIC ACID DIHYDRATE/ |
| 保管条件 | STORE IN COOL, DRY, WELL-VENTILATED LOCATION. /OXALIC ACID DIHYDRATE/ |
| 清掃方法 | Cover with soda ash or sodium bicarbonate. Mix and add water. Neutralize and drain into a drain with sufficient water. |
| 非火災時の漏出対応 | Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Lime or soda ash (USCG, 1999) |
| 処分方法 | Oxalic acid is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. Pretreatment involves chemical reaction with limestone or calcium oxide forming calcium oxalate. This may then be incinerated utilizing particulate collection equipment to collect calcium oxide for recycling. |
| 漏出処分 | Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance, protective gloves and safety goggles. Sweep spilled substance into covered plastic containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. |
| Preventive Measures | Adequate ventilation.The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced.Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for OXALIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| Isolation and Evacuation | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
| 体内負荷 | Oxalic acid calcium salt is a major constituent of kidney stones(1). |
| Treatment | Acute Exposure: If oxalic acid is swallowed, immediately give the person water or milk, unless instructed otherwise by a health care provider. DO NOT give water or milk if the person is having symptoms (such as vomiting, convulsions, or a decreased level of alertness) that make it hard to swallow. If acute exposure occurs to the eyes, irrigate opened eyes for several minutes under running water. Chronic exposure: in some patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1, pyridoxine treatment (vitamin B6) may decrease oxalate excretion and prevent kidney stone formation. |
| 相互作用 | A number of sulfhydryl compounds were shown to inhibit CO2 and oxalate formation from glyoxylate by rat liver homogenates and hepatocytes. The most significant inhibition occurred with cysteine and this inhibition was concentration dependent. In rats made hyperoxaluric by administering ethylene glycol in their drinking water, daily intraperitoneal injections of cysteine caused a rapid and marked decrease in urinary oxalate excretion which was maintained over the duration of the treatment (28 days). Over this time period, the level of urinary oxalate excretion inthese ethylene glycol treated rats was reduced to that of the controls.It is postulated that the decrease is due to the formation of acysteine-glyoxylate adduct, 2-carboxy-4-thiazolidine carboxylate, which prevents glyoxylate being further oxidized to oxalate. Cysteine or similar sulphydryl compounds may therefore have potential as therapeutic agents in the prevention of renal stones.The study was conducted to investigate the effect of vitamin A, B1 and B6 deficiency on oxalate metabolism in rats. A significant hyperoxaluria was the common observation in all the three vitamin deficiencies (vitamin B6 greater than vitamin A greater than vitamin B1). The activities of hepatic glycolate oxidase and glycolate dehydrogenase were markedly enhanced in vitamin A and vitamin B6 deficient rats. However, lactate dehydrogenase levels remained unaltered in these deficiencies as compared to their respective pair fed controls. Vitamin B1 deficiency of 4 weeks duration could augment the activity of glycolate oxidase only, with no alterations in the glycolate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase levels. Intestinal oxalate uptake studies revealed increased bioavailability of oxalate from the gut in vitamin A and vitamin B6 deficient rats. Thus, the results suggest the relative contribution of both exogenous as well as endogenous oxalate in the process of calculogenesis under various nutritional stress conditions in rat.Hyperoxalemia can be aggravated by vitamin C supplementation in regular hemodialysis patients. The present study was undertaken to examine the validity of this observation in an experimental setting. Fifty five-sixths nephrectomized rats were divided into two groups: 30 rats were allowed free access to water containing 8 mg/ml of vitamin C (100-160 mg/100 g/24 hr) and the remainder given tap water without vitamin C. The serum creatinine increased and the hematocrit decreased graduallyhowever, there was no difference between the two groups. Plasma vitamin C, oxalate and urinary oxalate levels were higher in the vitamin treated group than the nontreated rats. Histological examination revealed glomerular and interstitial fibrosis and round cell infiltration as well as tubular cyst formation. Oxalate deposits in renal tubules were found only in vitamin C-treated rats with advanced renal failure. Nontreated animals with equally advanced renal impairment showed no oxalate deposits. These results confirm previous clinical findings that vitamin C supplementation aggravates the secondary oxalosis of chronic renal failure.Male Wistar strain rats which had been fed a glycolic acid diet developed severe nephrocalcinosis with urinary calculi within 4 weeks. Rats fed the same diet with citrate salts added had, however, either slight or no nephrocalcinosis without any stones in the urinary system. Nephrocalcinosis intermediate between those in the citrate groups and the glycolic acid group, with some urinary calculi, was observed in the citric acid group. During the experiment, the urinary oxalate concentration increased markedly and was higher in the citrate and citric acid than in the glycolic acid group. The urinary citrate concentration was significantly higher in the citrate groups and lower in the citric acid and glycolic acid groups. Therefore, citrate salts can be concluded to inhibit nephrocalcinosis and calculi formation as a result of decreased urinary saturation by means of increase in urinary citrate, in spite of a slight increase in the urinary oxalate.For more Interactions (Complete) data for OXALIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
| 標的器官 | Eyes, skin, respiratory system, kidneys |
| 健康影響 | Because it binds vital nutrients such as calcium, long-term consumption of foods high in oxalic acid can be problematic. Healthy individuals can safely consume such foods in moderation, but those with kidney disorders, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or certain forms of chronic vulvar pain (vulvodynia) are typically advised to avoid foods high in oxalic acid or oxalates. The calcium oxalate precipitate (better known as kidney stones) obstruct the kidney tubules. Conversely, calcium supplements taken along with foods high in oxalic acid can cause calcium oxalate to precipitate out in the gut and drastically reduce the levels of oxalate absorbed by the body (by 97% in some cases.) Chronically high levels of oxalic acid are associated with at least 2 inborn errors of metabolism including: Type I primary hyperoxaluria and Primary hyperoxaluria. Oxalate stones in primary hyperoxaluria tend to be severe, resulting in relatively early kidney damage (before age 20), which impairs the excretion of oxalate leading to a further acceleration in accumulation of oxalate in the body. After the development of renal failure patients may develop oxalate deposits in the bones, joints and bone marrow. Severe cases may develop haematological problems such as anaemia and thrombocytopaenia. The deposition of oxalate in the body is sometimes called "oxalosis" to be distinguished from "oxaluria" which refers to oxalate in the urine. |
| 環境中動態 | TERRESTRIAL FATE: An estimated Koc value of 5(1,SRC) for oxalic acid indicates high mobility in soil(2) and oxalic acid has been detected in groundwater(3). Volatilization from moist soils is not expected to be rapid based upon a low Henry's Law constant. Several screening studies indicate rapid biodegradation of oxalic acid(4-8). Although these studies are not specific to soil media, they suggest that oxalic acid will readily biodegrade in soil. The oxalic acid concn in another study was determined to decrease from 30 mg/kg on a soil surface to about 6 mg/kg 540 cm below the soil surface(3) which suggests that biodegradation may have occurred(SRC). Photolysis is expected to be an important terrestrial fate processthe daytime persistence of oxalic acid on soil surfaces is not expected to exceed a few hours(9).AQUATIC FATE: Several screening studies(4-8) and grab sample tests(9) indicate that under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, oxalic acid will readily biodegrade in aquatic ecosystems. Based on an experimental Henry's Law constant of 1.4X10-10 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C(2), oxalic acid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water(1). Adsorption to sediment and bioconcentration in aquatic organisms may not be important fate processes for oxalic acid in water systems. Based on pKa1 and pKa2 values of 1.25 and 4.28(3), respectively, oxalic acid will exist primarily as the oxalate ion under environmental conditions (pH 5-9,SRC). Aquatic oxidation is not likely to be an important fate process based on a half-life of 285 yrs in water under continuous sunlight(3,SRC). Oxalic acid may react slowly in water with photochemically produced OH radicals, but it is expected to be removed rapidly from surface water by direct photolysisthe daytime persistence of oxalic acid is not expected to exceed a few hours(10).ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based on a measured vapor pressure of 2.3410-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), oxalic acid is expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere(3). In the vapor phase, oxalic acid in the ambient atmosphere is very slowly degraded by reaction with photochemically formed hydroxyl radicalsthe half-life for this reaction in air can be estimated to be about 223 days(1). Oxalic acid in the ambient atmosphere may react slowly with OH radicals, but it is removed rapidly by photolysisthe daytime persistence of oxalic acid is not expected to exceed a few hours(4). Based on its high water solubility, removal from air via wet deposition is likely to occur(4,SRC). Oxalic acid may also be removed from air via dry deposition with 11% of the total deposition being dry deposition(4). |
| 食品調査値 | Oxalic acid is present in many plants and vegetables, notably in those of the Oxalis and Rumex families, where it occurs in the sap of the plant as the potassium or calcium salt(2). Oxalic acid was qualitatively detected in raw cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) which is one of the major staple foods of the tropics(1). Gari and Farine (Farinha demandioca), both products of cassava, were determine to be 0.04% and 0.2% oxalic acid, respectively(1). |
| 有害作用 | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
| 暴露経路 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion. Serious local effects by all routes of exposure.inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact |
| 毒性の概要 | The affinity of divalent metal ions is sometimes reflected in their tendency to form insoluble precipitates. Thus in the body, oxalic acid also combines with metals ions such as Ca2+, Fe2+, and Mg2+ to deposit crystals of the corresponding oxalates, which irritate the gut and kidneys. (2) Therefore the toxicity of oxalic acid is due to kidney failure caused by precipitation of solid calcium oxalate, the main component of kidney stones. Oxalic acid can also cause joint pain due to the formation of similar precipitates in the joints. Ingestion of ethylene glycol results in oxalic acid as a metabolite that can also cause acute kidney failure. |
| Plant Concentrations | OXALATE CONTENT OF PLANTS IS HIGHEST AT LEAFY STAGE OF GROWTH & PLANTS WHICH ARE NORMALLY NOT DANGEROUS TO STOCK MAY BECOME SO @ CERTAIN TIMES OF YR. HALOGETON MAY CONTAIN ... 34.5% OF OXALATE, MANGELS UP TO 12% & SOURSOB 5.9% (DRY WT). /OXALATE/Oxalic acid is present in many plants and vegetables, notably in those of the Oxalis and Rumex families, where it occurs in the leaves, roots, rhizomes, and sap of the plant as the potassium or calcium salt(1-2). For example, waterlilies and duckweed are oxylate-containing plants(3). Furthermore, oxylate may constitute as much as 50% of the dry weight of some plant organs, serving both an excretory and a storage function by chelating and precipitating excess calcium ions(3). Oxylate concns ranged from 0.1 to 5.0% in several plant species that are potential sources of the oxylates in sediments of Searsville Lake, CA, Lake Tahoe, CA, Big Soda Lake, NV, and a south San Francisco Bay mud flat and salt marsh(3). |
| Animal Concentrations | Oxalic acid occurs in human and animal urine and the calcium salt is a major constituent of kidney stones(1). |
| 職業暴露区分（OEB） | C |
| 職業暴露限界（OEL） | TWA: 1 mg/m3, STEL: 2 mg/m3 |
| 水環境危害等級（WGK） | 1 |
| 生命健康即時危険濃度 | 500 mg/m3 |
| TSCA 収載状態 | TSCA listed |
| RTECS 番号 | RO2450000 |
| 輸送番号（UN） | UN 3261 8/PG 3 |
| 毒性 | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 375 mg/kg |
| 税関コード | 29171110 |
| 危険文句（R） | 21/22-63-34-41 |
| 化審法 | 一般化学物質 |
| 安衛法 | 57-2 |
| 危険表示 | Xn |
| 安全措置（S） | 24/25-23-36/37/39-27-26-39-37-36-36/37 |
| 危険等級 | 8Acute Tox. 4 DermalAcute Tox. 4 OralEye Dam. 1 |
| 包装等級 | III |
| 毒劇物取締法 | III |
| 貯蔵分類 | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| 有害物質データ | 144-62-7(Hazardous Substances Data) |
| 危険度評価（NFPA 704基準/消防庁データ） | 人的[青]=2 |
用途
解説
シュウ酸，無水和物は無色、無臭の吸湿性結晶．融点189.5 ℃(分解)．高温で加熱すると分解してギ酸，一酸化炭素，および二酸化炭素を生じる．d174 1.900．K1 5.36×10－2，K2 5.3×10－5．水，エタノールに可溶，エーテルに難溶．硫酸酸性の過マンガン酸カリウム水溶液を還元脱色する．空気中で容易に二水和物C2H2O4?2H2Oにかわる．二水和物は無色の板状またはプリズム状結晶．融点101.5 ℃．d18.54 1.653．昇華性がある．注意して100 ℃ で乾燥すると無水和物にかわる．二水和物は酸，塩基および過マンガン酸塩滴定における標準物質として分析用に用いるほか，化学薬品，染料製造や漂白剤の原料として多方面に用いられる．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
有機合成原料、漂白剤。
用途
酸化性物質の定量（過マンガン酸カリウム溶液と併用）
用途
ブドウ糖等の製造、染料用
用途
微量成分の酸化還元容量分析。
用途
水アメ?ブドウ糖の製造(加水分解用),分析用試薬,希土類精製,有機合成原料 (NITE CHRIP)
使用
Oxalic acid was used: · in the synthesis of hemicellulose hydrolysates of yellow poplars; · in the synthesis of three-dimensionally ordered macroporous metal oxides or carbonates via templating with polystyrene spheres; · as supporting electrolyte in the electrochemical synthesis of polyaniline-polypyrrole composite coatings.
一般的な説明
Odorless white solid. Sinks and mixes with water.
使用用途
しゅう酸は、染料の原料、麦藁・木綿などの漂白剤、各種化学薬品の原料として、多方面に用いられています。 1. 食品分野 食品分野では、水飴ぶどう糖の製造や植物油の精製などに利用可能です。 2. 医療分野 医薬品分野では、持続性サルファ剤やしゅう酸セリウム、アミノ酸製剤、α－ケト酸等の製造に用いられています。 3. 金属処理分野 それに加えて金属処理の分野でも、幅広く利用可能です。具体例として、化学研磨やピックリング (酸洗浄) 、車両・船舶洗浄、ラジエーター洗浄 (除錆・脱スケール効果) 、の冷間引抜用潤滑剤、製造、稀土類の精製などが挙げられます。 しゅう酸から純粋な二水和物の結晶が得られることを利用し、酸アルカリ滴定および酸化還元滴定の標準物質としても使用されています。
製法・合成法
調製方法
Many industrial processes have been employed for the manufacture of oxalic acid since it was first synthesized. The following processes are in use worldwide: oxidation of carbohydrates, the ethylene glycol process, the propylene process, the dialkyl oxalate process, and the sodium formate process. Sodium formate process is no longer economical in the leading industrial countries, except for China. Nitric acid oxidation is used where carbohydrates, ethylene glycol, and propylene are the starting materials. The dialkyl oxalate process is the newest, where dialkyl oxalate is synthesized from carbon monoxide and alcohol, then hydrolyzed to oxalic acid. This process has been developed by UBE Industries in Japan.Many attempts have been made to synthesize oxalic acid by electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide in either aqueous or nonaqueous electrolytes.