| GHS 分類 | DangerH301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]P203, P260, P261, P262, P264, P264+P265, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P316, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P316, P318, P319, P320, P321, P330, P332+P317, P337+P317, P361+P364, P362+P364, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)H300 (33.3%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral] |
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| 規制情報 | Hazard Traits - BioaccumulationCarcinogenicityDermatotoxicityEndocrine ToxicityEnvironmental PersistenceHematotoxicityHepatotoxicity and Digestive System ToxicityImmunotoxicityNephrotoxicity and Other Toxicity to the Urinary SystemNeurotoxicityRespiratory Toxicity2002/2076Substance: PentachlorophenolThe New Jersey Worker and Community Right to Know Act requires public and private employers to provide information about hazardous substances at their workplaces. (N.J.S.A. 34:5A-1 et. seq.) |
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| その他の安全情報 | IMAP assessments - Phenol, pentachloro-: Environment tier I assessment |
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| 輸送ラベル（DOT） | Poison |
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| 火災危険 | Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Generates toxic and irritating vapors. (USCG, 1999)· Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes.Not combustible. Liquid formulations containing organic solvents may be flammable. |
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| 火災の可能性 | Not combustible but if involved in a fire decomposes to produce hydrogen chloride and other irritants and toxic gases. May be in hydrocarbon solution.Formulated products may be flammable. |
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| 健康有害性 | Dust or vapor irritates skin and mucous membranes, causing coughing and sneezing. Ingestion causes loss of appetite, respiratory difficulties, anesthesia, sweating, coma. Overexposure can cause death. (USCG, 1999)· TOXIC and/or CORROSIVEinhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. |
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| 有害性の概要 | Pentachlorophenol is a manufactured chemical that does not occur naturally. Pure pentachlorophenol exists as colorless crystals. Impure pentachlorophenol (the form usually found at hazardous waste sites) is dark gray to brown and exists as dust, beads, or flakes. Humans are usually exposed to impure pentachlorophenol (also called technical grade pentachlorophenol). Pentachlorophenol was widely used as a pesticide and wood preservative. Since 1984, the purchase and use of pentachlorophenol has been restricted to certified applicators. It is no longer available to the general public. It is still used industrially as a wood preservative for utility poles, railroad ties, and wharf pilings.Pentachlorophenol was once one of the most widely used biocides in the United States, but it is now a restricted use pesticide and is no longer available to the general public. It was primarily used as a wood preservative. Pentachlorophenol is extremely toxic to humans from acute (short-term) ingestion and inhalation exposure. Acute inhalation exposures in humans have resulted in neurological, blood, and liver effects, and eye irritation. Chronic (long-term) exposure to pentachlorophenol by inhalation in humans has resulted in effects on the respiratory tract, blood, kidney, liver, immune system, eyes, nose, and skin. Human studies are inconclusive regarding pentachlorophenol exposure and reproductive effects. Human studies suggest an association between exposure to pentachlorophenol and cancer. Oral animal studies have reported increases in liver tumors and two uncommon tumor types. EPA has classified pentachlorophenol as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.PCP causes the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation resulting in the release of cellular energy as heat. Technical grade PCP is contaminated with furans, dioxins, and other chlorinated congeners. Liver injury and mild and transient renal dysfunction associated with pentachlorophenol poisoning have been reported. [ATSDR Case Studies #23] In acute poisoning, PCP causes hyperpyrexia, vascular collapse, and acute renal failure. [LaDou, p. 417] PCP has caused chloracne in exposed workers. TLV Basis: Irritation (upper respiratory and eye)Impairment (CNS and cardiovascular)[ACGIH] Cases of aplastic anemia and leukemia were temporally associated with exposure to pentachlorophenol, but causality was not established. [EPA Pesticides] PCP was manufactured in the US from 1937 to 1980. Twenty percent of production workers developed chloracne as a result of high dioxin (TCDD) exposure. [PMID 19786897] See TCDD. PCP was classified by the Working Group as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on sufficient evidence that PCP causes non-Hodgkin lymphoma in humans. In all of the available epidemiological studies, exposure to PCP was positively associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [IARC, News Release, 24 October 2016] |
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| 輸送番号・ガイド（DOT） | 3155 154 |
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| FDA 要件 | Pentachlorophenol is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives. |
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| 反応性グループ | Phenols and Cresols |
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| EC 分類 | Symbol: T+, NR: 24/25-26-36/37/38-40-50/53S: (1/2)-22-36/37-45-52-60-61 |
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| UN 分類 | UN Hazard Class: 6.1UN Pack Group: II |
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| 消火 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]:In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media. |
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| 応急処置措置 | Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention . Wear protective gloves when administering first aid.First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.Rinse mouth. Give a slurry of activated charcoal in water to drink. Give one or two glasses of water to drink. Refer for medical attention . |
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| 漏出応急措置 | · CALL 911. Then call emergency response telephone number on shipping paper. If shipping paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover.· ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames) from immediate area. |
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| 応急処置 | EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.General First Aid:(General first aid procedures) |
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| 安全保管 | Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing. Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Keep in a well-ventilated room. |
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| 暴露管理・個人防護 | · Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - PCP in urine (with hydrolysis) prior to last shift of workweek: Nq (Biological monitoring should be considered for this compound based on the reviewhowever, a specific BEI could not be determined due to insufficient data.) [TLVs and BEIs] |
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| 消火手順 | If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.Extinguish surrounding fire using suitable agent. Approach fire from upwind to avoid hazardous vapors and toxic decomposition products. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. |
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| 保管条件 | Where possible, automatically transfer material from drums or other storage containers to process containers. Sources of ignition such as smoking and open flames are prohibited where this chemical is handled, used, or stored. Metal containers involving the transfer of this chemical should be grounded and bonded. A regulated, marked area should be established where this chemical is handled, used or stored ...Temperature: ambient.Venting: open.Store in cool, dry, well ventilated location. Separate from acids, alkalies, oxidizing materials, and other organic materials.For more Storage Conditions (Complete) data for Pentachlorophenol (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 清掃方法 | Shovel into suitable dry container.1) Ventilate area of spill. 2) Collect spilled material in most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers for reclamation or ... disposal ... Liq containing pentachlorophenol should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or similar material.Biological treatment is principal secondary treatment method but other ... methods employed at some wood preservative plants are carbon absorption, membrane filtration ... and oxidation by chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, and ozone. The reduction in concn of pentachlorophenol ... /in biological treatment/ is thought to occur by adsorption upon biomass rather than by degradation.Avoid contact with solid and dust. Keep people away. Stop discharge if possible. Isolate and remove discharged material. Notify local health and pollution control agencies.For more Cleanup Methods (Complete) data for Pentachlorophenol (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 非火災時の漏出対応 | Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: |
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| 処分方法 | Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste numbers D037F027 must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.Pentachlorophenol is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration. Incineration (600 deg to 900 deg) coupled with adequate scrubbing and ash disposal facilities.A potential candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 °C and residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids.The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for pentachlorophenol: Concentration process: Biological Treatment.For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for Pentachlorophenol (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 漏出処分 | Personal protection: chemical protection suit and filter respirator for organic gases and particulates adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered sealable containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. |
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| 毒性学的情報 | CDC-ATSDR Toxicological Profile |
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| 体内負荷 | Level of 15 ppb(1), 10-120 ppb in blood from users of pentachlorophenol-contaminated water were reported(2). Serum of 123 residents of pentachlorophenol-treated log homes ranged from 69-1340 ppb, 420 ppb mean, while 34 controls ranged from 15-75 ppb, 40 ppb(3). Serum levels in 25 occupationally-exposed workers in 5 workplaces ranged from 26 to 84,900 ppb(3). Medium serum pentachlorophenol levels in 4 of the workplaces ranged from 83 to 490 ppb, while in the chemical packaging area of a chemical plant it was 62,000 ppb(3). Avg serum concn (of pentachlorophenol) of 7 workers continuously exposed to chlorophenols at 2 saw mills was 0.84-0.85 ppm(4). Concns of pentachlorophenol in the blood serum and urine of workers involved either with the production of pentachlorophenol or with the treatment of wood with pentachlorophenol have been measured(5). Urine of workers responsible for lumber dipping, spraying or brushing contained pentachlorophenol at mean concns from 1.31 to 2.83 mg/L (blood serum mean = 5.14 mg/L)urine from an individual in the office at a lumber yard contained 0.06 mg/L pentachlorophenol (blood serum mean = 0.65 mg/L). Individuals involved with pentachlorophenol production had mean blood serum and urine levels of 0.72-2.38 mg/L and 4.73 mg/L, respectively(5). Adipose tissue from 58 people (not occupationally exposed) from southern and northern Finland contained pentachlorophenol at a median concn of 0.002 ug/g residue fat75-81.8% of the samples were positive(6). 84.6% of the liver samples were positive for pentachlorophenol with a median concn of 0.004 ug/g(6).Urine of 118 residents of pentachlorophenol-treated log homes ranged from 1-340 ppb, 69 ppb mean, while 143 controls ranged from 1-7 ppb, mean 3.4 ppb(1). All urine samples from 197 Arkansas children contained pentachlorophenol(2). The median and max pentachlorophenol concn was 14 and 240 ppb. All 87 urine samples collected randomly in Saskatchewan, Canada, contained pentachlorophenol at concentrations from 0.5 to 9.1 ng/mL (detection limit = 0.2 ng/mLavg = 1.6 ng/mL and median = 1.3 ng/mL)(3). A second study of 38 urine samples from "normal, healthy" humans living in Saskatchewan, Canada, reported pentachlorophenol concentrations from 0.1 to 3.6 ng/mL with an average concentration of 0.9 ng/mL and a median concentration of 0.5 ng/mL(3). Levels in samples of seminal fluid obtained from volunteer Florida State University students have been reported as 100-200 ppb(4) and in adipose tissue obtained from autopsy samples from the University of Florida at 250-500 ppb(4) and 23 ppb in autopsy samples taken in 10 women from Dade County, FL(5). The mean levels of pentachlorophenol in samples collected from the general population in Barcelona, Spain, in 1982-83 were 25 ng/mL (50 samples) in urine and 21.9 ng/mL (100 samples) in serum(6).Pentachlorophenol was detected during hand wipe studies of 5 children living on 3 different farmsconcns ranged from 9 to 99 ng(1). The National Human Monitoring Program for Pesticides, USEPA, has shown that approximately 85% of all human urine samples contain pentachlorophenol at a mean of 0.0063 ppm and a max of 0.193 ppm(2). Avg concns of pentachlorophenol in tissue samples obtained from 8 humans from western Oregon were as follows: testis, 1.087 ppmkidney, 0.953 ppmprostate, 0.838 ppmliver, 0.592 ppmomentum fat, 0.029 ppmsubcutaneous fat, 0.017 ppmperinephric fat, 0.016 ppm(2).A study of serum and urine pentachlorophenol concentrations in persons living in log homes and workers occupationally exposed to pentachlorophenol was conducted. The study group consisted of 35 persons exposed to pentachlorophenol in six workplaces and 123 persons living in 45 homes constructed of pentachlorophenol treated logs. The comparisons consisted of 143 persons living in conventional homes and not occupationally exposed to pentachlorophenol. Urine and blood samples were collected and analyzed for pentachlorophenol. Among the comparisons, urine pentachlorophenol concentrations ranged from 1 to 17 ppb, mean 3.4 ppb. Serum samples from 34 comparisons ranged from 15 to 75 ppb, mean 40 ppb. In persons living in pentachlorophenol treated log homes, serum pentachlorophenol concentrations ranged from 69 to 1340 ppb, mean 420 ppb. The serum pentachlorophenol concns decreased with increasing age. Subjects in the 2 to 7 year old group had significantly higher serum pentachlorophenol concns than those over 15 years old. The serum pentachlorophenol concentrations in children 2 to 15 years old averaged 1.7 to 2.0 times that of their parents. Repeat blood samples taken from ten persons residing in homes in which the logs were coated with a sealant showed that sealing the logs resulted in decreased serum pentachlorophenol concentrations. Urine pentachlorophenol concns ranged from 1 to 340 ppb, mean 69 ppb. When the urine pentachlorophenol concns were corrected for creatinine concns, they correlated well with the serum pentachlorophenol concns. Serum pentachlorophenol concentrations in the pentachlorophenol workers ranged from 26 to 84900 ppb. The lowest concentrations occurred in workers constructing homes from pentachlorophenol treated logs and the highest in workers exposed to pentachlorophenol in chemical factories. Urine pentachlorophenol concentrations in four workers ranged from 2400 to 13800 ppb, mean 10000 ppb(1).A mean concn of 12 ng/g pentachlorophenol was detected in Swedish human milk samples between 1984 and 1985(1). Milk from 10 to 20 Swedish women, from 1972 to 1989, contained pentachlorophenol at 0.0125 to 0.036 ug/g fat(2). Pentachlorophenol was detected at a median concn of 2 pg/g, ranging from 10-570 pg/g, in 15 Swedish mothers between 2000 and 2001(3). Bavaria, Germany - 0.03-2.83 ppb - 21 donors(4). Pentachlorophenol concentration in 90 maternal serum samples from The Netherlands ranged from 300 to 8500 pg/g serum, fresh weight basis, with a median concentration of 970 pg/g. The concentration in chord serum was 420 to 1900 pg/g serum, fresh weight basis, with a median concentration of 1500 pg/g serum(5). |
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| Treatment | If the compound has been ingested, rapid gastric lavage should be performed using 5% sodium bicarbonate. For skin contact, the skin should be washed with soap and water. If the compound has entered the eyes, they should be washed with large quantities of isotonic saline or water. In serious cases, atropine and/or pralidoxime should be administered. Anti-cholinergic drugs work to counteract the effects of excess acetylcholine and reactivate AChE. Atropine can be used as an antidote in conjunction with pralidoxime or other pyridinium oximes (such as trimedoxime or obidoxime), though the use of '-oximes' has been found to be of no benefit, or possibly harmful, in at least two meta-analyses. Atropine is a muscarinic antagonist, and thus blocks the action of acetylcholine peripherally. |
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| Cancer Sites | Endocrine |
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| 相互作用 | Investigation of the toxicological effects of pentachlorophenol (PCP) and bisphenol A (BPA) alone and in combination was carried out following the method of the early life stage (ELS) test on zebrafish embryos. Both chemicals revealed lethal and sub-lethal effects, such as no blood flow, cardiac edema, delayed hatching, and tail malformations. According to their median effective concentrations (EC(50) values) in the single exposure, the toxic level of PCP was about two orders of magnitude higher than that of BPA. Result of the joint action modes varied depending on different endpoints. Synergistic action was observed based on the endpoint of 24 hr mortality and antagonistic effect displayed based on the endpoint of 72 hr cardiac edema. It was also found that the toxicity of PCP would be enhanced with the addition of BPA even below its no observed effect concentration (NOEC) level at the endpoint of 32 hr with no blood flow, and the level of the increase was influenced by the toxic unit (TU) ratio.Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) at 1000 ppm and 99% pure pentachlorophenol (PCP) at 500 ppm admin to female Wistar rats for up to 8 wk resulted in an increased accumulation of pentachlorophenol in the liver. Pentachlorophenol ... accelerated the onset of hepatic porphyria by hexachlorobenzene.Pretreatment with pentachlorophenol inhibits the carcinogenic effect of hydroxyamine acids and the hepatoxicity of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene./Pentachlorophenol/ ... enhances the transplacental carcinogenicity of ethylnitrosourea.For more Interactions (Complete) data for Pentachlorophenol (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 標的器官 | Cancer, Developmental (effects during periods when organs are developing) , Hepatic (Liver)Eyes, skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system |
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| 健康影響 | Acute exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors can cause a cholinergic crisis characterized by severe nausea/vomiting, salivation, sweating, bradycardia, hypotension, collapse, and convulsions. Increasing muscle weakness is a possibility and may result in death if respiratory muscles are involved. Accumulation of ACh at motor nerves causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression at the neuromuscular junction. When this occurs symptoms such as muscle weakness, fatigue, muscle cramps, fasciculation, and paralysis can be seen. When there is an accumulation of ACh at autonomic ganglia this causes overstimulation of nicotinic expression in the sympathetic system. Symptoms associated with this are hypertension, and hypoglycemia. Overstimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, due to accumulation of ACh, results in anxiety, headache, convulsions, ataxia, depression of respiration and circulation, tremor, general weakness, and potentially coma. When there is expression of muscarinic overstimulation due to excess acetylcholine at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors symptoms of visual disturbances, tightness in chest, wheezing due to bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretions, increased salivation, lacrimation, sweating, peristalsis, and urination can occur. Certain reproductive effects in fertility, growth, and development for males and females have been linked specifically to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Most of the research on reproductive effects has been conducted on farmers working with pesticides and insecticdes in rural areas. In females menstrual cycle disturbances, longer pregnancies, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and some developmental effects in offspring have been linked to organophosphate pesticide exposure. Prenatal exposure has been linked to impaired fetal growth and development. Neurotoxic effects have also been linked to poisoning with OP pesticides causing four neurotoxic effects in humans: cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome, organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), and chronic organophosphate-induced neuropsychiatric disorder (COPIND). These syndromes result after acute and chronic exposure to OP pesticides. |
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| 生態毒性値 | LC50Species: Anas platyrhychos (Mallard duck, 10 day old) oral (5-day diet) approx 4500 ppmSpecies: Anas platyrynchus (Mallard duck) diet 3763 ppm for 5 days /88.9% ai/LD50Species: Anas platyrhynchos (Mallard, 3 month old female) oral 380 mg/kg (mean)Species: Colinus virginianus (Bobwhite quail) oral 627 mg/kg /88.0% ai/For more Ecotoxicity Values (Complete) data for Pentachlorophenol (181 total), please visit the HSDB record page. |
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| 環境中動態 | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 1250 for the dissociated form to 25,000 for the undissociated form(2), indicate that pentachlorophenol is expected to have low to no mobility in soil(SRC). The pKa of pentachlorophenol is 4.70(3), indicating that this compound will almost entirely exist in the anion form in the environment and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts(4). Volatilization from moist soil is not expected because the acid exists as an anion and anions do not volatilize. Pentachlorophenol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.1X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(5). As much as 55% of added pentachlorophenol was photodegraded in a sandy clay loam soil in 14 days(6), suggesting the photolysis of the dissociated form may be an important terrestrial fate process(SRC). Screening biodegradability tests give conflicting results(7-13)pentachlorophenol does biodegrade but may require several weeks for acclimation(SRC).AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 1250 for the dissociated form to 25,000 for the undissociated form(2), indicate that pentachlorophenol is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). A pKa of 4.70(3) indicates pentachlorophenol will exist almost entirely in the anion form at pH values of 5 to 9 and therefore volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(4). According to a classification scheme(5), measured BCF values of 5(6) to 5370(7), suggest that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low to very high(SRC), with the value being greatly influenced by environmental pH(8). Pentachlorophenol has a pH-dependent absorption max of 303 nm(9) and will rapidly photodegrade in surface water when exposed to direct sun light(10)a measured half-life for the photolysis in solution has been reported to be 0.86 hrs(11). Screening biodegradability tests give conflicting results(12-18)AQUATIC FATE: The 2nd year of a 2-year study of the fate of pentachlorophenol in outdoor artificial streams focused on details of microbial degradation by a combination of in situ and laboratory measurements. Replicate streams were dosed continuously at pentachlorophenol concns of 0, 48, and 144 ug/L, respectively, for an 88 day period during the summer of 1983. Pentachlorophenol was degraded both aerobically and anaerobically. Aerobic degradation was more rapid than anaerobic degradation. Mineralization of pentachlorophenol was concommitant with pentachlorophenol disappearance under aerobic conditions, but lagged behind loss of the parent molecule under anaerobic conditions. Biodegradation in the streams, or in specific stream compartments such as the sediment or water column, was characterized by an adaptation period (3-5 weeks for the stream as a whole, and reproducible from the previous year), which was inversely dependent on the concn of pentachlorophenol and microbial biomass. The adaptation in the streams could be attributed to the time necessary for selective enrichment of an initially low population of pentachlorophenol degraders on surface compartments. The extent of biodegradation in the streams (percent loss of initial concn of pentachlorophenol) increased with increasing pentachlorophenol input, which was explicable by an increase in the pentachlorophenol degrader population with increasing pentachlorophenol concn. The sediment zone most significant to overall pentachlorophenol biodegradation was the top 0.5 to 1 cm layer as shown by pentachlorophenol migration rates and depth profiles of degrader density within the sediment. Pentachlorophenol profiles in sediment cores taken during and after the adaptation period for degradation showed that diffusion of pentachlorophenol into the sediment was rate limiting to degradation in this compartment.ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), pentachlorophenol, which has a vapor pressure of 1.1X10-4 mm Hg at 20 °C(2), should exist almost entirely in vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase pentachlorophenol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC)the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 29 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 0.55X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Pentachlorophenol has a pH-dependent absorption max of 303 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight. |
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| 食品調査値 | The food groups that contained pentachlorophenol are (class, avg concn number of positives): meat, fish and poultry, 0.0037 ppm 14 positivesgrain and cereal products, 0.0048 ppm 12 positivesoils and fats, 0.0072 ppm 18 positivesand sugar and adjuncts, 0.0010 ppm, 4 positives(1). |
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| 有害作用 | Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation. |
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| 暴露経路 | The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contactOral (L127)inhalation (L127)dermal (L127) |
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| RCRA 要件 | D037A solid waste containing pentachlorophenol may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.F027Discarded unused formulations containing tri-, tetra-, or pentachlorophenol or discarded unused formulations containing compounds derived from these chlorophenols. (This listing does not include formulations containing Hexachlorophene sythesized from prepurified 2,4,5-trichlorophenol as the sole component.) |
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| FIFRA 要件 | EPA has previously identified and required the submission of the generic (i.e., active ingredient-specific) data required to support reregistration of wood preservative products containing pentachlorophenol as an active ingredient. The Agency has reviewed these generic data, and has determined that the data are sufficient to support a reregistration eligibility decision for the wood preservative uses of pentachlorophenol (see Appendix B). EPA considered the available information and, after a thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits associated with each use, has determined that the wood preservative uses of pentachlorophenol presented in Appendix A will not pose unreasonable risks to humans or the environment provided that (1) all risk mitigation measures are implemented, (2) label amendments are made as described in Section V, and (3) confirmatory data requirements are satisfied. Accordingly, should a registrant fail to implement any of the conditions and requirements for reregistration identified in this document, the Agency may take regulatory action to address the potential risk concerns from the use of pentachlorophenol.Criteria of concern: oncogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. Action: Cancelled, all products for pentachlorophenol products used in paper mills in the wet end of the paper making process ... Cancelled, any of the retained registrations for pentachlorophenol uses in cooling towers, pulp paper mills, and oil wells ... . Application: Wood preservatives (nonwood uses only). References: 50 FR 41943 October 16, 198553 FR 5524 February 24, 198853 FR 24787 June 30, 1988.Criteria of concern: oncogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity. Action: In order to avoid cancellation, registrants must adhere to the terms and conditions of the Federal Register notices for ... pentachlorophenol ... . Application: Wood preservatives (wood uses only). References: 49 FR 28666 July 13, 198451 FR 1334 January 10, 1986.As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions about their continued use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines newer health and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1, 1984, and determines whether the use of the pesticide does not pose unreasonable risk in accordance to newer saftey standards, such as those described in the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996. Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date of FIFRA '88 were divided into three lists based upon their potential for human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List C, and with List C containing pesticides of greater concern than those on List D. Pentachlorophenol is found on List B. Case No: 2505Pesticide type: insecticide, fungicide, antimicrobialCase Status: OPP is reviewing data from the pesticide's producers regarding its human health and/or environmental effects, or OPP is determining the pesticide's eligibility for reregistration and developing the RED /Reregistration Eligibility Decision/ document.Active ingredient (AI): PentachlorophenolData Call-in (DCI) Date(s): 01/06/92, 08/04/88, 05/30/86AI Status: The producers of the pesticide have made commitments to conduct the studies and pay the fees required for reregistration, and are meeting those commitments in a timely manner. |
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| 大気基準 | This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Chlorophenols is produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart. /Chlorophenols/Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Pentachlorophenol is included on this list. |
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| CERCLA 報告数量 | Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 10 lb or 4.54 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV.D.3.b). |
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| 清浄水法要件 | Toxic pollutant designated pursuant to section 307(a)(1) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and is subject to effluent limitations.Pentachlorophenol is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance. |
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| 州飲料水ガイドライン | (AZ) ARIZONA 220 ug/L(ME) MAINE 3 ug/L(MN) MINNESOTA 1 ug/L |
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| Federal Drinking Water Standards | Maximum contaminant levels (MCL) for synthetic organic contaminants apply to community water systems and non-transient, non-community water systems: Pentachlorophenol, MCL 0.001 mg/L.EPA 1 ug/L |
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| 連邦飲料水ガイドライン | The maximum contaminant level goal for the following organic contaminant is zero mg/L: pentachlorophenol. |
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| 毒性 | LD50 orl-rat: 27 mg/kg JPETAB 76,104,42 |
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