(2R,3S,4R,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal → (3S,4S,5R)-1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one

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In one embodiment, the invention is a process for the production of high purity tagatose and high purity glucose from a condensed deproteinized whey stream. The process comprises passing the condensed deproteinized whey stream to a hydrolysis zone and therein admixing the condensed deproteinized whey stream with a dilute sulfuric acid stream at effective hydrolysis conditions to hydrolyze at least a portion of the deproteinized whey stream in the presence of an effective amount of sulfuric acid to provide a hydrolysate stream comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, unconverted lactose, sulfuric acid, water and salts. The hydrolysate stream is passed to a first neutralization zone and therein the hydrolysate stream is contacted with an effective amount of calcium hydroxide to provide an unfiltered neutralized hydrolysate stream comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, unconverted lactose, water and salts. The unfiltered neutralized hydrolysate stream is passed to an isomerization zone in the presence of an effective amount of calcium oxide and calcium chloride to convert at least a portion of the d-galactose to d-tagatose and d-glucose to provide an isomerate stream comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, lactose, d-tagatose, water, and salts. The isomerate stream is passed to a second neutralization zone and therein contacted with an effective amount of sulfuric acid to neutralize the isomerate stream and provide a neutralized isomerate stream having a pH of between about 6 and about 7. The neutralized isomerate stream is passed to a filtration zone having a filter size effective to remove at least a portion of the salts to provide a filtered isomerate stream essentially free of salts comprising d-galactose, d-glucose, lactose, d-tagatose, and water. The filtered isomerate stream and a mobile phase desorption stream comprising water are passed to a simulated moving bed (SMB) zone containing a plurality of adsorbent beds comprising a stationary phase agent consisting of a strong acid calcium cation exchange resin to provide an extract stream comprising substantially pure d-tagatose, water, and a minor portion of d-galactose, a primary raffinate stream comprising water, d-galactose, and d-glucose, and a secondary raffinate stream consisting essentially of water. The extract stream is passed to a first evaporization zone to remove at least a portion of the water to provide an evaporated extract stream. The evaporated extract stream is passed to a crystallizer zone to provide a high purity d-tagatose stream in the form of a powder or crystals. The primary raffinate stream is passed to a second evaporator to provide an enriched d-glucose syrup; and at least a portion of the secondary raffinate is returned to step (f) to provide at least a portion of the mobile phase desorbent stream.

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