Water → alpha-Methylene-gamma-Butyrolactone Acrylic Acid

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To a 50 mL round bottom flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar was added 5.890 g (0.327 mol) water and 0.090 g (3.12×10−4 mol) sodium dodecyl sulfate (20% aqueous solution). The mixture was heated under flowing nitrogen to 74° C., at which time a monomer mixture consisting of 2.850 g (2.91×10−2 mol) α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone that had been previously fractionally distilled and filtered over basic alumina and 0.150 g (2.50×10−3 mol) acrylic acid was added via syringe pump over 130 minutes. After 10 minutes of monomer mixture addition, an aqueous mixture consisting of 11.130 g (0.618 mol) water, 0.185 g (6.42×10−4 mol) sodium dodecyl sulfate (20% aqueous solution), 0.002 g (9.24×10−6 mol) sodium persulfate, and 0.061 g of a 20% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was also added via syringe pump over 130 minutes. After both the monomer and aqueous mixtures were added completely, the emulsion was allowed to stir for an additional 60 minutes, after which the reaction was cooled to room temperature and dried under vacuum under vacuum at 90° C. overnight. Size exclusion chromatography yielded a weight average molecular weight of 817 kDa and a polydispersity of 1.87, relative to polystyrene standards.

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