사이안화 칼륨

Potassium cyanide are white lumps, granular powder, or colorless solution. It may be shipped as capsules, tablets, or pellets. Toxic hydrogen cyanide gas released by potassium cyanide has a distinctive, weak bitter almond odor, but many people cannot detect it; the odor does not provide adequate warning of hazardous concentrations.

개요사이안화 칼륨은 KCN 화학식을 지니는 무기 화합물이다. 치사량은 0.20g으로 극소량을 섭취해도 사망할 수 있는 매우 강력한 독극물이다. 본래는 전기 도금을 위한 전해질로 사용된다.

용도대부분의 사이안화칼륨은 금광업, 유기합성, 전기 도금에 쓰이며, 일부는 보석을 도금하거나 버핑하는 데에 사용되기도 한다.또한, 사이안화칼륨은 곤충을 재빨리 죽여 손상을 최소화할 수 있기 때문에 곤충학자들은 표본을 만들 때 사이안화칼륨을 사용하기도 한다.

개요Potassium cyanide, KCN, is a cyanide salt that is found as a white, amorphous, deliquescent lump or crystalline mass with a faint odor of bitter almonds. It is soluble in water and has a specific gravity of 1.52. It is a poison that is absorbed through the skin. Target organs are the same as for sodium cyanide. Reaction with acids releases flammable and toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. The four-digit UN identification number is 1680. The NFPA 704 designation is health 3, flammability 0, and reactivity 0. The primary uses are in gold and silver ore extraction, insecticides, fumigants, and electroplating.

용도Potassium cyanide is a white granular salt made by the absorption of hydrogen cyanide in potassium hydroxide. It is soluble in both water and alcohol and a lethal poison. If mixed with acids it produces highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. This was the preferred fixing chemical for collodion positives because it contained no sulfides to darken the highlight silver. As a fixing agent cyanide was particularly effective. After dissolving the unexposed silver halides cyanide would also remove nonimage fog producing very clean shadow areas. Prolonged fixing would eventually remove image silver. Tincture of iodine was added to dilute solutions of potassium cyanide and used to remove unwanted non-image silver in photographic materials and to remove silver stains.

일반 설명White amorphous lumps or a crystalline mass with a faint odor of bitter almonds. Density 1.52 g / cm3 Toxic by skin absorption through open wounds, by ingestion. Heating to decomposition produces toxic fumes. Used for gold and silver extraction, in chemical analysis, to make other chemicals, and as an insecticide.

생산 방법Potassium cyanide was made by the Beilby process before the introduction of the neutralization or wet process. When made by the neutralization or wet process, it contains 99% KCN. Initially, potassium cyanide was used as a flux and later for electroplating, which was the single largest use in the 1990s. The demand for potassium cyanide was met by the ferrocyanide process until the latter part of the nineteenth century when the extraordinary demands of the gold mining industry for alkali cyanide resulted in the development of direct synthesis processes. When cheaper sodium cyanide became available, potassium cyanide was displaced in many uses.