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개요Lobeline is mainly present in Lobelia chinensis, Lobelia inflata, Campanula medium, Lobelia hassleri, and Lobelia nicotianaefolia . Lobelia inflata has also been considered as an Indian tobacco and has been used for the treatment of respiratory diseases for a long history. It was also a treatment of asthma by American Aborigines. In the United States during the nineteenth century, doctors use Lobelia inflata as a vomiting agent, to remove the poison from the body. It is also called “vomit grass.” Now Lobelia inflata is still used to clear throat, bronchial, lung, and other respiratory mucus .

역사In the 1930s, the chemical synthesis process of lobeline was completed, and its artificial synthesis was realized, which was found in Lobelia inflata from the North American Campanulaceae. It was commonly used as a lobeline hydrochloride. Because of its structure similar to nicotine, it was initially used for the treatment of respiratory diseases. Further study found that lobeline can selectively excite the carotid sinus peripheral chemoreceptors, then reflect the excitement of the medullary breathing center, and enhance respiratory function. Therefore, it is widely used as a respiratory stimulant .Although lobeline showed similar biological activity with nicotine, its potency is just only 1/5~1/20 of nicotine. Hence, lobeline was used as a substitute for nicotine in many smoking cessation products. However, in 1993, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the sale of smoking cessation products containing lobeline because it was ineffective in helping people quit smoking. However, the research of lobeline in drug addiction still continues.

용도Lobeline is the principal lobelia alkaloid.It occurs in the seeds and herb of Indiantobacco (Lobelia inflata and Lobeliaceae). Itis used as a respiratory stimulant. Its sulfatesalt is used in antismoking tablets.

용도The action of lobeline is in many respects similar to nicotine; however, it is 50–100 times weaker than nicotine. It is also first, a stimulant, and second, a depressant of sympathetic ganglia, parasympathetic ganglia, adrenal glands, and others. It can be used as a drug to assist with quitting smoking.