카드뮴 탄소산

5.026 g/cu cm

5.026 @25 °C

White, hexagonal crystals

White, amorphous powder

Powder or rhombohedral leaflets

Soluble in concentrated solutions of ammonium salts, dilute acids.

Soluble in acid

Insoluble in water

Magnetic susceptibility of cadmium carbonate is -46.7X10-6 cu cm/mol at /ambient/ temperature

When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of cadmium.

White, prismatic crystals /Cadmium carbonate hemihydrate/

Decomposes to CdO and CO2 at 357 °C. Complexes with ammonium and cyanide ions.

Danger

H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]；H312: Harmful in contact with skin [Warning Acute toxicity, dermal]；H332: Harmful if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, inhalation]；H340: May cause genetic defects [Danger Germ cell mutagenicity]；H350: May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]；H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]；H400: Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]；H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard]

P203, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P317, P302+P352, P304+P340, P317, P318, P319, P321, P330, P362+P364, P391, P405, and P501 (click each P-code to see the statement)

Danger

Chemical: Carbonic acid, cadmium salt (1:1)

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity; Genotoxicity；Authoritative List - EC Annex VI CMRs - Cat. 1B；Report - if used as a fragrance or flavor ingredient

Status: Active Update: 31-10-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14135

Restricted substance: Cadmium carbonate；EC: 208-168-9；Restriction condition document: PDF link

Substance: Cadmium carbonate；EC: 208-168-9；Date of inclusion: >15-Jan-2018；Reason for inclusion: Carcinogenic (Article 57a); Mutagenic (Article 57b); Specific target organ toxicity after repeated exposure (Article 57(f) - human health)

Restricted substance: Carbonic acid, cadmium salt；EC: 298-586-8；Restriction condition document: PDF link

An irritant; [MSDSonline] See Cadmium and the linked diseases.

The major hazards encountered in the use and handling of cadmium carbonate stem from its toxicologic properties. Toxic primarily by ingestion and inhalation, exposure to this colorless, crystalline substance may occur from its use in lawn and turf fungicides,a catalyst in organic reactions, and as a source of cadmium in the generation of other compounds. Effects from exposure may include headace, shortness of breath, chest pains, kidney damage, liver damage, emphysema, intense pulmonary edema (possibly resulting in death). Processes and operations which may release cadmium fumes or dust should be enclosed and fitted with exhaust ventilation. In activities where over-exposure is possible, workers should wear a high efficiency particulate filter respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus. Protective clothing also should be worn, including eye, face and hand protection. All such clothing should be removed before leaving work. If contact should occur, immediately wash contaminated skin with large amounts of water. Do not eat, smoke, or drink in work areas. Cadmium carbonate presents only a moderate fire hazard (when in the form of dust) if exposed to heat, flame, or by chemical reaction with oxidizing agents, metals, hydrogen azide, zinc, selenium, or tellurium. Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting such fires. Cadmium carbonate should be stored in cool, well-ventilated areas, out of direct rays of the sun, and away from fire hazards. Before implementing land disposal of waste cadmium carbonate, consult environmental regulatory agencies for guidance.

National Toxicology Program. Eleventh Report on Carcinogens (2005). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds are listed as known to be human carcinogens. /Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds/[Available from, as of July 31, 2009: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s028cadm.pdf]

D006; A solid waste containing cadmium may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Cadmium/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Cadmium carbonate is included on this list.

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ First Aid: Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. /Cadmium compound/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Spill or Leak: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. /Cadmium compound/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire: Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large fires: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. /Cadmium compound/

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Evacuation: ... Fire: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. /Cadmium compound/

For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CADMIUM CARBONATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

D006; A waste containing cadmium may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Cadmium/

Acute Tox. 4 (86.2%)；Acute Tox. 4 (86.2%)；Acute Tox. 2 (17.2%)；Acute Tox. 4 (82.8%)；Muta. 2 (13.8%)；Carc. 1B (19%)；Repr. 2 (15.5%)；STOT RE 1 (19%)；Aquatic Acute 1 (96.6%)；Aquatic Chronic 1 (100%)

Carcinogenicity - category 1B；Germ cell mutagenicity - category 1B；Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) - category 1；Reproductive toxicity - category 2；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (acute) - category 1；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (chronic) - category 1；Acute toxicity (ingestion) - category 3；Acute toxicity (inhalation) - category 1

Acute toxicity (Oral) - Category 4；Carcinogenicity - Category 1A；Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure - Category 1 (respiratory system)；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 4

Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 2

Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 1B；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Acute) - Category 1；Hazardous to the aquatic environment (Long-term) - Category 1

Germ cell mutagenicity - Category 2

(AZ) ARIZONA 5 ug/L /Cadmium/

(ME) MAINE 3.5 ug/L /Cadmium/

(MN) MINNESOTA 4 ug/L /Cadmium/

Biological Exposure Indices (BEI) [ACGIH] - Cd in urine = 5 ug/g creatinine; Cd in blood = 5 ug/L; sampling time not critical; Monitoring in blood should be preferred during the initial year of exposure and whenever changes in the degree of exposure are suspected. [ACGIH]；TIH (Toxic Inhalation Hazard) - Term used to describe gases and volatile liquids that are toxic when inhaled. Some are TIH materials themselves, e.g., chlorine, and some release TIH gases when spilled in water, e.g., chlorosilanes. [ERG 2016].

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Cadmium compounds, NOS/

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D006, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste. /Cadmium/

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. All contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

0.01 [mg/m3], as Cd ( 0.002 mg/m3, as Cd, respirable fraction)

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.01 mg/cu m /Cadmium and compounds, as Cd/

8 hr Time Weighted Avg (TWA): 0.002 mg/cu m (respirable fraction) /Cadmium and compounds, as Cd/

A2; Suspected human carcinogen. /Cadmium and compounds, as Cd/

Biological Exposure Index (BEI): Determinant: Cadmium in urine; Sampling Time: not critical; BEI: 5 ug/g creatinine. The determinant may be present in biological specimens collected from subjects who have not been occupationally exposed, at a concentration which could affect interpretation of the result. Such background concentrations are incorporated in the BEI value. /Cadmium and inorganic compounds/

For more Threshold Limit Values (TLV) (Complete) data for CADMIUM CARBONATE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

0.10 [mg/m3]

1.2 [mg/m3]

6.9 [mg/m3]

LC50; Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) age <24 hr neonate; Conditions: freshwater, static, pH 7.5-9.1; Concentration: 20000000 ug/L for 48 hr

LC50; Species: Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) age <24 hr neonate; Conditions: freshwater, static, pH 7.5-9.1; Concentration: 2658000 ug/L for 96 hr

Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.；Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.

Cadmium initially binds to metallothionein and is transported to the kidney. Toxic effects are observed once the concentration of cadmium exceeds that of available metallothionein, and it has also been shown that the cadmium-metallothionein complex may be damaging. Accumulation of cadmium in the kidney results in increased excretion of vital low and high weight molecular proteins. Cadmium is a high affinity zinc analog and can interfere in its biological processes. It also binds to and activates the estrogen receptor, likely stimulating the growth of certain types of cancer cells and causing other estrogenic effects, such as reproductive dysfunction. Cadmium causes cell apoptosis by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases. (L8, A18, A19, A28)

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Morone saxatilis (striped bass) juvenile exposed to 5 ug/L for /90 days experienced a significant decrease in enzyme activity, at 0.5-5.0 ug/L for 30 days experienced a significant decrease in oxygen consumption.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Uptake of cadmium and histochemical changes of mucopolysaccharides and of cytochrome-oxidase in the gill epithelium of Carassius auratus were examined at different times after 10 ppm Cd2+ exposure in hard water (520 mg/l CaCO3). All animals survived treatment and no significant behavioural changes were observed. Cd2+ precipitates completely as cadmium carbonate in the first 72 hr. Nevertheless, metal uptake in the organ was observed beyond this period. After 96 hr an increase in the amount of sulphate mucins and a reduction in intensity of the cytochrome-oxidase reaction were observed. Cadmium toxicity in very hard water is interpreted as being due to cadmium carbonate ingestion which might cause histochamical alterations in the gills.

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Crassostrea gigas (Pacific oyster) exposed to 20-25 ug/L for 6 days experienced a 50% reduction in settlement; 10 ug/L for 14 days experienced growth reduction. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Crassostrea virginica (Eastern oyster) exposed to 15 ug/L for 2 days experienced reduction in embryonic development. /Conditions of bioassay not specified/

For more Ecotoxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CADMIUM CARBONATE (19 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The acute inhalation toxicity of cadmium carbonate (CAS # 513-78-0) was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats (25/sex/group) administered single 2-hour exposures to target cadmium concentrations of 0 or 100 mg/cu m (mean analytical concentration of cadmium carbonate based on GCA, 203 mg/cu m) in combined acute and pharmacokinetic study of cadmium compounds. All statistical results were reported for the mean analytical level of cadmium exposures or 132 mg/cu m (based on 65% cadmium/cadmium carbonate sample). Two additional rats were treated for retention through Day 30 as potential surrogates for any unanticipated experimental losses. Groups of 5 each male and female rats were also necropsied immediately after the exposures, and at 24 and 72 hours, and 7 and 30 days post-exposure to provide select tissues for analysis of cadmium content in pharmacokinetic study. Cadmium carbonate, sieved and packed into the cylinder of a Wright dust-feed mechanism, was carried on dry air passed through the dust-feed apparatus, and then supplied to and diluted appropriately in the air of a 760 L glass and stainless steel environmental chamber. No remarkable clinical signs of toxicity were observed and all rats survived the exposures; however, 1 female on Day 4, and a male and female rat each on Day 13 died spontaneously during post-exposure observation. Following the exposures, rapid breathing, body tremors, and weight loss distinguished the cadmium carbonate-treated group from controls. Lung, and gastro-intestinal discoloration and hemorrhage appeared at Day 2 and Day 8, respectively, or later in sequential gross pathology examinations among both interim sacrifices and decedents. Lung and liver enlargement and discoloration were common to the animals that died. The authors did not report an LC50 for acute inhalation of cadmium carbonate in rats.

The acute inhalation toxicity of cadmium carbonate (CAS # 513-78-0) was evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats (25/sex/group) administered single 2-hour exposures to target cadmium concentrations of 0 or 100 mg/cu m (mean analytical concentration of cadmium carbonate based on GCA, 203 mg/cu m cadmium). All statistical results were reported for the mean analytical level of cadmium exposures or 132 mg/cu m (based on 65% cadmium/cadmium carbonate sample). Two additional rats were treated for retention through Day 30 as potential surrogates for any unanticipated experimental losses. Cadmium carbonate, sieved and packed into the cylinder of a Wright dust-feed mechanism, was carried on dry air passed through the dust-feed apparatus, and then supplied to and diluted appropriately in the air of a 760 L glass and stainless steel environmental chamber. Immediately following the exposure and at 24, 48 and 72 hours, and 7 and 30 days post-exposure, 5 each male and female treated rats were isolated for collection of urine and feces samples. Another group of 5 each male and female rats, necropsied immediately after the exposures, and at 24 and 72 hours, and 7 and 30 days post-exposure, provided select tissues (lung, liver, kidneys, testes, prostate, G.I. wash, heparinized whole blood) to be analyzed for cadmium content. All rats survived the exposures, however 1 female on Day 4, and a male and female rat each on Day 13 died spontaneously during post-exposure observation. Lung, and gastro-intestinal discoloration and hemorrhage appeared at Day 2 and Day 8, respectively, or later in sequential gross pathology examinations among both interim sacrifices and decedents. Lung and liver enlargement and discoloration were common to the animals that died. Cadmium was found to be largely eliminated in the feces, the greatest average level still detected at 48-72 hours post- exposure (508 ug combined average for males and females), while very small amounts appeared in the urine of treated rats dur

/CASE REPORTS/ THREE SERVANTS BECAME SEVERELY ILL FROM INHALING THE DRIED FILM OF CADMIUM CARBONATE ... /WHICH/ THEY HAD APPLIED TO SILVERWARE AS A POLISHING AGENT & ... SUBSEQUENTLY BRUSHED OFF.

/CASE REPORTS/ A CASE OF A PIGMENT WORKER WHO WAS EXPOSED TO CADMIUM CARBONATE DUST & EXHIBITED MANY OF THE CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF CHRONIC CADMIUM POISONING IS DESCRIBED. EFFECTS OF CADMIUM ON PULMONARY & RENAL FUNCTIONS ARE OUTLINED.

SOIL: Cadmium carbonate concentrations ranged from 0.01 to 0.6 mg/kg and 0.01 to 16.6 mg/kg in podzols (pH 4.1-6.5; organic matter 1.3-3.7%) and brown soils (pH 3.7-6.9; organic matter 0.89-5.61%), respectively, from Tarnowskie Gory, Poland. Calcium carbonate is present as 10 and 16%, respectively, of total cadmium(1).

Chemical: Carbonic acid, cadmium salt (1:1)

Hazard Traits - Carcinogenicity; Genotoxicity；Authoritative List - EC Annex VI CMRs - Cat. 1B；Report - if used as a fragrance or flavor ingredient

Status: Active Update: 31-10-2019 https://echa.europa.eu/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/14135

Restricted substance: Cadmium carbonate；EC: 208-168-9；Restriction condition document: PDF link

Substance: Cadmium carbonate；EC: 208-168-9；Date of inclusion: >15-Jan-2018；Reason for inclusion: Carcinogenic (Article 57a); Mutagenic (Article 57b); Specific target organ toxicity after repeated exposure (Article 57(f) - human health)

Restricted substance: Carbonic acid, cadmium salt；EC: 298-586-8；Restriction condition document: PDF link

D006; A solid waste containing cadmium may or may not become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure listed in 40 CFR 261.24, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste. /Cadmium/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Cadmium carbonate is included on this list.

(AZ) ARIZONA 5 ug/L /Cadmium/

(ME) MAINE 3.5 ug/L /Cadmium/

(MN) MINNESOTA 4 ug/L /Cadmium/

Cadmium is absorbed from oral, inhalation, and dermal routes. Cadmium initially binds to metallothionein and albumin and is transported mainly to the kidney and liver. Toxic effects are observed once the concentration of cadmium exceeds that of available metallothionein, and it has also been shown that the cadmium-metallothionein complex may be damaging. Cadmium is not known to undergo any direct metabolic conversion and is excreted unchanged, mainly in the urine. (L6)

The cereal crops (barley - Hordeum vulgare L., maize - Zea mays L., wheat - Triticum vulgare L.) were grown in a greenhouse using a sandy soil type treated with various doses of cadmium carbonate (salt), copper carbonate (malachite), lead carbonate (cerussite), and zinc carbonate (smithsonite), added jointly. The following levels of these metals were used: Cd - 5, 10, 50 ug g-1 soil; Cu and Ph-50, 100, 500 ug g-1 soil; Zn-150, 300, 1500 ug g-1 soil. Sequential extraction was adopted to partition the metals into five operationally-defined fractions: exchangeable, carbonate, Fe-Mn oxides, organic, and residual. The residual was the most abundant fraction in the untreated (control) soil for all the metals studied (50 to 60% of the total metal content). The concentrations of exchangeable Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were relatively low in untreated soil but increased (over the three year period) in treated soils for Cd, Zn, and Cu, whereas only small changes were observed for Pb. This experiment showed a significant increase in Cd, Zn, and Cu in tissue of plants grown on the treated soil, but a non-significant change in plant tissue with respect to Pb concentration.

Naturally occurring as the mineral otavite; [Merck Index] Used to make cadmium pigments and other cadmium compounds; [Ullmann]

Mining [Category: Industry]

For cadmium carbonate (USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code: 012901) there are 0 labels match. /SRP: Not registered for current use in the U.S., but approved pesticide uses may change periodically and so federal, state and local authorities must be consulted for currently approved uses./

Oxidation of the sulfide or sulfite under carefully controlled oxidizing atmospheres at high temperature. An alternate method involves treatment of powdered cadmium nitrate, halide, oxide, or carbonate with dimethyl sulfate.

The hydrated bromide is prepared by dissolution of cadmium carbonate, oxide, sulfide, or hydroxide in hydrobromic acid. /Hydrated cadmium bromide/

A starting material for the production of cadmium pigments and other cadmium salts.

Produced by heating an acidified solution of cadmium chloride and urea in a sealed tube at 200 °C.

Pure cadmium carbonate, as the hemihydrate ... is obtained only when ammonium carbonate is used to precipitate the white, prismatic crystals from cadmium ion solutions; alkali carbonates precipitate the oxycarbonate.

AS LAWN & TURF FUNGICIDE IN CONCN OF 3.0 & 5.3% AS WET POWDER IN COMBINATION WITH ORGANIC FUNGICIDES. /FORMER USE/

Grade: Reagent

Commercial grade ... has purity of about 98% ... .